Phrase guide

hold back

verb · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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1

verb

Meaning 1

To act with reserve; to contain one's full measure or power.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: idiomatic, intransitive

Examples

  • Don't hold back. Hit it as hard as you can.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: pull punches

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To contain; stop.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: idiomatic, transitive

Examples

  • The dam can't hold back that much water.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To delay the progress of, especially in school.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: idiomatic, transitive

Examples

  • He's a year older than his classmates, because he was held back in second grade.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Arrest the downward trend
  • Check the growth of communism in South East Asia
  • Contain the rebel movement
  • Turn back the tide of communism

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: check, turn back, arrest, stop, contain

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: defend

Narrower terms: cut down, cut out

5

verb

Meaning 5

hold back; keep from being perceived by others

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • She conceals her anger well

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: conceal, hold in

Antonyms: none provided

Narrower terms: occult

6

verb

Meaning 6

secure and keep for possible future use or application

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The landlord retained the security deposit
  • I reserve the right to disagree

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: retain, hold, keep back

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: keep, hold on

Narrower terms: hold down

7

verb

Meaning 7

keep under control; keep in check

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • suppress a smile
  • Keep your temper
  • keep your cool

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: restrain, keep, keep back

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: inhibit, bottle up, suppress

Narrower terms: hold, confine, inhibit, bottle up, suppress, control, hold in, contain, check, curb, moderate

8

verb

Meaning 8

wait before acting

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the scientists held off announcing their results until they repeated the experiment

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: wait, hold off

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: act, move

Narrower terms: hold out, delay

9

verb

Meaning 9

refrain from doing

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • she forbore a snicker

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: forbear

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: refrain, forbear

History

Etymology

No etymology was provided for this word.

Across languages

Translations

52 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Esperanto: sin ĝeni — act with reserve
  • German: sich zügeln — act with reserve
  • German: sich zurückhalten — act with reserve
  • German: sich bremsen — act with reserve
  • Ancient Greek: κατέχομαι (katékhomai) — act with reserve
  • Italian: fare complimenti — act with reserve
  • Polish: powstrzymywać się — act with reserve
  • Polish: powstrzymać się — act with reserve
  • Polish: wstrzymywać się — act with reserve
  • Polish: wstrzymać się — act with reserve
  • Russian: сде́рживать (sdérživatʹ) — act with reserve
  • Russian: сде́рживаться (sdérživatʹsja) — act with reserve
  • Russian: приде́рживать — act with reserve
  • Spanish: frenarse — act with reserve
  • Spanish: refrenarse — act with reserve
  • Spanish: contenerse — act with reserve
  • Spanish: moderarse — act with reserve
  • Spanish: reservarse — act with reserve
  • Spanish: enfrenarse — act with reserve
  • Spanish: reprimirse — act with reserve
  • Thai: ออมมือ — act with reserve
  • Ukrainian: стри́муватися (strýmuvatysja) — act with reserve
  • Ukrainian: стри́матися (strýmatysja) — act with reserve
  • German: zurückhalten — to contain; to stop
  • German: aufhalten — to contain; to stop
  • German: bremsen — to contain; to stop
  • German: stoppen — to contain; to stop
  • Polish: wstrzymywać — to contain; to stop
  • Polish: wstrzymać — to contain; to stop
  • Polish: zatrzymywać — to contain; to stop
  • Polish: zatrzymać — to contain; to stop
  • Russian: уде́рживать (udérživatʹ) — to contain; to stop
  • Russian: держа́ть (deržátʹ) — to contain; to stop
  • Thai: กักเก็บ — to contain; to stop
  • German: hemmen — delay the progress of
  • German: bremsen — delay the progress of
  • German: einengen — delay the progress of
  • German: aufhalten — delay the progress of
  • German: zurückhalten — delay the progress of
  • Māori: whakatōmuri — delay the progress of
  • Polish: powstrzymywać — delay the progress of
  • Polish: powstrzymać — delay the progress of
  • Polish: uniemożliwiać — delay the progress of
  • Polish: uniemożliwić — delay the progress of
  • Russian: приде́рживать / замедля́ть разви́тие (pridérživatʹ / zamedljátʹ razvítije) — delay the progress of
  • Russian: оставля́ть на второ́й год (ostavljátʹ na vtorój god) — delay the progress of
  • Spanish: retrotraer — delay the progress of
  • Spanish: anquilosar — delay the progress of
  • Spanish: impedir el avance de — delay the progress of
  • Spanish: retrasar el progreso de — delay the progress of
  • Thai: ฉุด (chùt) — delay the progress of
  • Thai: รั้ง (ráng) — delay the progress of