Standard Lemma guide

ijtihad

noun · 2 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

No pronunciation record was provided for this word.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The process of Muslim jurists or scholars making a legal or scientific judgment by independent reasoning from the Qur'an and the Sunna; discretion.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: Islam, lifestyle, religion

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

the endeavor of a Moslem scholar to derive a rule of divine law from the Koran and Hadith without relying on the views of other scholars; by the end of the 10th century theologians decided that debate on such matters would be closed and Muslim theology and law were frozen

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • some reform-minded Islamic scholars believe that reopening ijtihad is a prerequisite for the survival of Islam

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: interpretation

History

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِجْتِهَاد (ijtihād, “diligence”).