adj · adv · name · noun · verb · 28 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
/ɪl/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
rhymes with -ɪl
CMU ARPABET:IH1 L
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
adj
Meaning 1
Evil; wicked (of people).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: obsolete
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Extremely bad (bad enough to make one ill). Generally used indirectly with to be.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: slang
Examples
That band was ill.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
9
adj
Meaning 9
Unwise; not a good idea.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: dated
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
10
adj
Meaning 10
Bad-tempered.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: Appalachia
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
11
adv
Meaning 11
Not well; imperfectly, badly
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
Such jealousy ill becomes her; she can ill afford another gaffe like that.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
12
name
Meaning 12
A river in France, tributary to the Rhine.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
13
noun
Meaning 13
Trouble; distress; misfortune; adversity.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Qualifier: often pluralized
Examples
Music won't solve all the world's ills, but it can make them easier to bear.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
14
noun
Meaning 14
Harm or injury.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
I wouldn't want you to do me ill.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
15
noun
Meaning 15
Evil; moral wrongfulness.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
16
noun
Meaning 16
A physical ailment; an illness.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
I am incapacitated by rheumatism and other ills.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
17
noun
Meaning 17
PCP, phencyclidine.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: US, slang, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
18
noun
Meaning 18
Initialism of interlibrary loan.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
19
verb
Meaning 19
To behave aggressively.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: dated, intransitive, slang
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
20
adjective
Meaning 20
affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
ill from the monotony of his suffering
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: sick
Antonyms: well
21
adjective satellite
Meaning 21
presaging ill fortune- P.B.Shelley
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
ill omens
ill predictions
my words with inauspicious thunderings shook heaven
a dead and ominous silence prevailed
a by-election at a time highly unpropitious for the Government
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: inauspicious, ominous
Antonyms: none provided
22
adjective satellite
Meaning 22
distressing
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
ill manners
of ill repute
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
23
adjective satellite
Meaning 23
resulting in suffering or adversity
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
ill effects
it's an ill wind that blows no good
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
24
adjective satellite
Meaning 24
indicating hostility or enmity
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
you certainly did me an ill turn
ill feelings
ill will
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
25
adverb
Meaning 25
(`ill' is often used as a combining form) in a poor or improper or unsatisfactory manner; not well
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
he was ill prepared
it ill befits a man to betray old friends
the car runs badly
he performed badly on the exam
the team played poorly
ill-fitting clothes
an ill-conceived plan
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: badly, poorly
Antonyms: well
26
adverb
Meaning 26
with difficulty or inconvenience; scarcely or hardly
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
we can ill afford to buy a new car just now
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
27
adverb
Meaning 27
unfavorably or with disapproval
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
tried not to speak ill of the dead
thought badly of him for his lack of concern
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: badly
Antonyms: well
28
noun
Meaning 28
an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: ailment, complaint
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: disorder, upset
Narrower terms: pip, motion sickness, kinetosis
History
Etymology
From Middle English ille (“evil; wicked”), from Old Norse íllr (adjective), ílla (adverb), ílt (noun), from Proto-Germanic *ilhilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h1elḱ- (whence Latin ulcus (“sore”), Ancient Greek ἕλκος (hélkos, “wound, ulcer”), Sanskrit अर्शस् (árśas, “hemorrhoids”)). Cognates Cognate with Scots and Yola ill, Danish ilde (“bad”), Faroese, Icelandic illur (“bad, ill, wicked”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk ille (“bad”), Swedish illa (“badly; poorly”).
From French Ill.
Across languages
Translations
259 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Acehnese:
saket
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Afrikaans:
siek
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aghwan:
𐔱𐔰𐕅
(bal')
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aklanon:
masakit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Albanian:
i sëmurë
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Gheg Albanian:
smu
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Amharic:
ሕሙም
(ḥəmum)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Arabic:
مَرِيض
(marīḍ)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Chadian Arabic:
مرضان
(mardān)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Arabic:
عيان
(ʕayyān)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Arabic:
مريض
(mrīd)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Armenian:
հիվանդ
(hivand)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Old Armenian:
հիւանդ
(hiwand)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Old Armenian:
խօթ
(xōtʻ)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aromanian:
lãndzit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aromanian:
lãntsid
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aromanian:
lãndzidzãt
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aromanian:
niputut
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aromanian:
shuplicat
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Aromanian:
hivrit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Asturian:
enfermu
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Azerbaijani:
xəstə
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Azerbaijani:
naxoş
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Bashkir:
ауырыу
(awırıw)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Bashkir:
сирле
(sirle)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Bashkir:
сырхау
(sırxaw)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Basque:
gaixo
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Belarusian:
хво́ры
(xvóry)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Bengali:
অসুস্থ
(ośustho)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Bislama:
siki
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Bulgarian:
бо́лен
(bólen)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Burmese:
နာ
(na)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Burmese:
နေထိုင်မကောင်း
(nehtuingma.kaung:)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Catalan:
malalt
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Chickasaw:
abika
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Chinese Cantonese:
病
(beng6)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Chinese:
бин
(bin)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Chinese:
бемар
(biəmar)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Chinese Mandarin:
病
(bìng)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Choctaw:
abeka
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Chukchi:
тъытԓьэн
(tʺytḷʹėn)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Czech:
nemocný
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Danish:
syg
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Dutch:
ziek
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Dutch:
zieke
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Dutch:
krank
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Elfdalian:
klien
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Elfdalian:
siuok
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Erzya:
ормав
(ormav)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Esperanto:
malsana
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Estonian:
haige
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Faroese:
sjúkur
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Finnish:
sairas
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
French:
malade
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
West-Frisian:
siik
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Galician:
enfermo
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Galician:
doente
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Georgian:
ავადმყოფი
(avadmq̇opi)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Georgian:
სნეული
(sneuli)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
German:
krank
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
German:
siech
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Gothic:
𐌿𐌽𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃
(unhails)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Greek:
άρρωστος
(árrostos)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ancient Greek:
ἄρρωστος
(árrhōstos)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Greenlandic:
napparsimasoq
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Haitian Creole:
malad
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Hawaiian:
maʻi
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Hebrew:
חוֹלֶה
(kholé)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Hindi:
अस्वस्थ
(asvasth)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Hindi:
बीमार
(bīmār)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Hindi:
रोगी
(rogī)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
White Hmong:
mob
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Hungarian:
beteg
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Icelandic:
veikur
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Icelandic:
lasinn
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Icelandic:
sjúkur
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ido:
malada
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Indonesian:
sakit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ingrian:
kippiä
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Interlingua:
malade
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Iranun:
masakit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Irish:
tinn
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Italian:
malato
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Japanese:
病気
(byōki)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Javanese:
lara
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Old Javanese:
lara
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kazakh:
ауру
(auru)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kazakh:
науқас
(nauqas)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kazakh:
сырқат
(syrqat)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kazakh:
дімкәс
(dımkäs)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Khmer:
ឈឺ
(chɨɨ)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Khmer:
ថ្កាត់
(thkat)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Korean:
병들다
(byeongdeulda)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Korean:
앓다
(alta)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Central Kurdish:
نەخۆش
(nexoş)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Northern Kurdish:
nexweş
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kyrgyz:
оору
(ooru)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kyrgyz:
оорулуу
(ooruluu)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kyrgyz:
ноокас
(nookas)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Kyrgyz:
сыркоолуу
(sırkooluu)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ladino:
hazino
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ladino:
hazinu (Monastir)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ladino:
hazina
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ladino:
malo (Izmir)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Lao:
ເຈັບ
(chep)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Lao:
ຕົກອັບ
(tok ʼap)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Lao:
ບໍ່ສະບາຍ
(bǭ sa bāi)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Latgalian:
navasals
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Latin:
īnfirmus
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Latin:
aeger
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Latin:
aegrōtus
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Latvian:
slims
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Latvian:
sasirdzis
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Laz:
ზაბუნი
(zabuni)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Lithuanian:
sergantis
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Livonian:
rujā
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Lushootseed:
ʔəsʔi
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Luxembourgish:
krank
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Macedonian:
болен
(bolen)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Malay:
sakit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Malay:
gering
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Maltese:
marid
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Mansaka:
masakit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Māori:
mahaki
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Māori:
maki
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Māori:
wheori
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Māori:
tarutaruhea
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Māori:
manauhea
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Māori:
māuiui
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Maranao:
kasakit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Mauritian Creole:
malad
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Mingrelian:
ლეხიანი
(lexiani)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Moksha:
сяряди
(särädi)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Mongolian:
өвчтэй
(övčtej)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Mongolian:
ᠥᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠢ
(öbedčitei)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Norman:
malade
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Norwegian Bokmål:
syk
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Norwegian Bokmål:
sjuk
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Norwegian Nynorsk:
sjuk
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Nǀuu:
ʘʻuiʻiki
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Occitan:
malaut
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Odia:
ବେମାରିଆ
(bemāriā)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ojibwe:
aakozi
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Church Slavic:
больнъ
(bolĭnŭ)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Old English:
seoc
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Old English:
ādliġ
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Old Saxon:
siok
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Pashto:
بيمار
(bimār)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Pashto:
مريض
(mariz)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Persian:
بیمار
(bimâr)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Persian:
مریض
(mariz)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Pijin:
siki
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Plautdietsch:
krank
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Polish:
chory
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Portuguese:
doente
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Romagnol:
mêl
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Romani:
nasvalo
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Romanian:
bolnav
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Romanian:
abătut
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Romansh:
malsaun
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Russian:
больно́й
(bolʹnój)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Russian:
хво́рый
(xvóryj)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Northern Sami:
buohcci
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Northern Sami:
buozas
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Samoan:
maʻi
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Sango:
kobêla
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Sanskrit:
अस्वस्थ
(asvastha)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Sanskrit:
रुग्ण
(rugṇa)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Scottish Gaelic:
tinn
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Serbo-Croatian:
бо̏лестан
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Serbo-Croatian:
bȍlestan
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Sindhi:
بیمار
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Sinhalese:
අසනීප
(asanīpa)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Slovak:
chorý
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Slovak:
nemocný
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Slovene:
bolan
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Somali:
bukaan
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Somali:
xanuun
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Lower Sorbian:
chóry
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Upper Sorbian:
chory
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Spanish:
enfermo
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Spanish:
mareado
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Swahili:
-gonjwa
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Swedish:
sjuk
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tagalog:
may sakit
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tahitian:
maʻi
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tajik:
бемор
(bemor)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tajik:
мариз
(mariz)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tajik:
касал
(kasal)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Talysh:
noxəş
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Talysh:
مریض
(mariz)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tat:
naxuş
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tat:
bimar
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tatar:
авыру
(awıru)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tetum:
moras
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Thai:
ป่วย
(bpùai)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Thai:
ไม่สบาย
(mâi-sà-baai)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tibetan:
ན
(na)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tibetan:
ནན་ཏེ
(nan te)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tigrinya:
ሕሙም
(ḥəmum)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tocharian B:
tekiññe
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tok Pisin:
sik
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tongan:
mahaki
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Tongan:
puke
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Turkish:
hasta
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Turkish:
sayrı
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ottoman Turkish:
خسته
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Turkmen:
syrkaw
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Turkmen:
hassa
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Turkmen:
kesel
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Turkmen:
näsag
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Ukrainian:
хво́рий
(xvóryj)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Unami:
palsi
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Urdu:
بیمار
(bīmār)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Urdu:
مریض
(marīz)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Urdu:
علیل
(alīl)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Uyghur:
كېسەل
(kësel)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Uzbek:
kasal
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Uzbek:
xasta
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Uzbek:
bemor
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Uzbek:
nosogʻ
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Vietnamese:
bệnh
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Vietnamese:
ốm
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Volapük:
malädik
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Welsh:
sâl
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Yiddish:
קראַנק
(krank)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Yiddish:
קרענקלעך
(krenklekh)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Yiddish:
געלעגן צו בעט
(gelegn tsu bet)
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Zhuang:
bingh
— in poor health, suffering from a disease
Danish:
kvalm
— having an urge to vomit
Dutch:
misselijk
— having an urge to vomit
French:
écœuré
— having an urge to vomit
French:
écœurée
— having an urge to vomit
German:
übel
— having an urge to vomit
German:
schlecht
— having an urge to vomit
Indonesian:
mual
— having an urge to vomit
Indonesian:
jijik
— having an urge to vomit
Irish:
adhascaideach
— having an urge to vomit
Norwegian:
kvalm
— having an urge to vomit
Spanish:
mal
— having an urge to vomit
Spanish:
mareado
— having an urge to vomit
Swedish:
illamående
— having an urge to vomit
French:
s
— in hip-hop slang: sublime
Bulgarian:
зле
(zle)
— not well
French:
mal
— not well
Hungarian:
rosszul
— not well
Macedonian:
болно
(bolno)
— not well
Polish:
źle
— not well
Spanish:
mal
— not well
Bulgarian:
беда
(beda)
— a problem
Bulgarian:
трудност
(trudnost)
— a problem
Bulgarian:
мъчнотия
(mǎčnotija)
— a problem
German:
Übel
— a problem
Macedonian:
зло
(zlo)
— a problem
Polish:
problem
— a problem
Bulgarian:
болест
(bolest)
— a physical ailment; an illness