Standard Lemma guide

impair

adj · noun · verb · 8 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ɪmˈpɛə/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ɪmˈpɛː/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • US: /ɪmˈpɛɹ/
  • Australian: /ɪmˈpeə/
  • Australian: /ɪmˈpeː/
  • rhymes with -ɛə(ɹ)
  • CMU ARPABET: IH2 M P EH1 R Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Not fit or appropriate; unsuitable.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The act of impairing or deteriorating.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The fact of being impaired or having grown worse.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

An impairment or deterioration.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To weaken; to affect negatively; to have a diminishing effect on.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To grow worse; to deteriorate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

make worse or less effective

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • His vision was impaired

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: damage

8

verb

Meaning 8

make imperfect

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • nothing marred her beauty

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mar, spoil, deflower, vitiate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: damage

Narrower terms: defile, sully, corrupt, taint, cloud, deface, disfigure, blemish

History

Etymology

From Middle English impairen, empeiren, from Old French empeirier, from Early Medieval Latin impeiōrāre, from in- + Late Latin peiōrāre (“worsen”), from peiōrem (“worse”), comparative of malus (“bad”).

Across languages

Translations

55 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: أَضْعَفَ (ʔaḍʕafa) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Arabic: دَهْوَرَ (dahwara) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Bulgarian: намалявам (namaljavam) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Bulgarian: отслабвам (otslabvam) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Cherokee: ᎠᏲᏍᏙᏗ (ayosdodi) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Dutch: beschadigen — have a diminishing effect on
  • Dutch: verzwakken — have a diminishing effect on
  • Dutch: verslechteren — have a diminishing effect on
  • Finnish: haitata — have a diminishing effect on
  • Finnish: heikentää — have a diminishing effect on
  • French: détériorer — have a diminishing effect on
  • French: abîmer — have a diminishing effect on
  • French: affaiblir — have a diminishing effect on
  • French: affecter — have a diminishing effect on
  • French: altérer — have a diminishing effect on
  • French: impacter — have a diminishing effect on
  • German: beeinträchtigen — have a diminishing effect on
  • German: schädigen — have a diminishing effect on
  • German: beschädigen — have a diminishing effect on
  • German: schwächen — have a diminishing effect on
  • German: vermindern — have a diminishing effect on
  • German: verschlechtern — have a diminishing effect on
  • German: schmälern — have a diminishing effect on
  • Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (marzjan) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: ront — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: elront — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: rongál — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: megrongál — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: károsít — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: csorbít — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: gyengít — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: meggyengít — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: csökkent — have a diminishing effect on
  • Hungarian: megrendít — have a diminishing effect on
  • Ido: domajar — have a diminishing effect on
  • Māori: whakahauā — have a diminishing effect on
  • Portuguese: prejudicar — have a diminishing effect on
  • Portuguese: enfraquecer — have a diminishing effect on
  • Portuguese: diminuir — have a diminishing effect on
  • Portuguese: empiorar — have a diminishing effect on
  • Portuguese: piorar — have a diminishing effect on
  • Romanian: afecta — have a diminishing effect on
  • Romanian: diminua — have a diminishing effect on
  • Romanian: deteriora — have a diminishing effect on
  • Russian: ослабля́ть (oslabljátʹ) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Russian: ослабевать (oslabevatʹ) — have a diminishing effect on
  • Spanish: deteriorar — have a diminishing effect on
  • Spanish: empeorar — have a diminishing effect on
  • Spanish: descomponer — have a diminishing effect on
  • Spanish: mermar — have a diminishing effect on
  • Turkish: azaltmak — have a diminishing effect on
  • Turkish: kötüleştirmek — have a diminishing effect on
  • Turkish: zarar vermek — have a diminishing effect on
  • Turkish: zayıflatmak — have a diminishing effect on
  • Turkish: sınırlamak — have a diminishing effect on