Standard Lemma guide

inanition

noun · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɪnəˈnɪʃən/

1

noun

Meaning 1

The act of removing the contents of something; the state of being empty.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • 1643, William Slatyer, The Compleat Christian, London, for the author, The Second Part of the Catechism, Section 5, p. 110, 3. What meane you by Incarnation? His inanition of himselfe, and as it were debasing of himselfe in respect of his majesty of divinity, thereby to put on humanity.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: emptying, emptiness

Antonyms: repletion

2

noun

Meaning 2

A state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition, food, or water or a physiological inability to utilize them, with resulting weakness.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: medicine, sciences

Examples

  • 1955, Samuel Beckett and Patrick Bowles (translators), Molloy by Samuel Beckett, Part I, in Three Novels, New York: Grove, 1959, p. 202, And I who a fortnight before would joyfully have reckoned how long I could survive on the provisions that remained, probably with reference to the question of calories and vitamins, and established in my head a series of menus asymptotically approaching nutritional zero, was now content to note feebly that I should soon be dead of inanition.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: starvation, cachexia

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A spiritual emptiness or lack of purpose or will to live, akin to nausea in existentialist philosophy.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: human-sciences, philosophy, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

exhaustion resulting from lack of food

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: exhaustion

5

noun

Meaning 5

weakness characterized by a lack of vitality or energy

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: lassitude, lethargy, slackness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: weakness

History

Etymology

From Middle English inanicioun, borrowed from Old French inanition, itself borrowed from Late Latin inānītio, from inānīre (“to make empty”), from inānis (“empty, vain”); see inane.

Across languages

Translations

15 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • French: ineptie — emptiness
  • French: vacuité — emptiness
  • Irish: foilmhe — emptiness
  • Romanian: goliciune — emptiness
  • Russian: пустота́ (pustotá) — emptiness
  • Bulgarian: слабост (slabost) — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Bulgarian: изтощ (iztošt) — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Bulgarian: изтощение (iztoštenie) — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • French: inanition — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Portuguese: inanição — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Romanian: inanitie — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Russian: истоще́ние (istoščénije) — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Spanish: inanición — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Turkish: zafiyet — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition
  • Turkish: açlık — state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition