Standard Lemma guide

incense

noun · verb · 12 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • ĭn'sĕns
  • /ˈɪnsɛns/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with (verb) -ɛns
  • ĭnsĕns'
  • /ɪnˈsɛns/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: IH2 N S EH1 N S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 2: IH1 N S EH2 N S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt, often used in religious rites or for aesthetic reasons.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The fragrant smoke released by burning incense (sense 1).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

Homage; adulation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, figuratively, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle; to burn.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: inflame, aflame, alight, conflagrate, fire, fire up, ignite, kindle, light, light up, set ablaze, set afire, set aflame, set alight, set fire, set on fire, torch

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To anger; to infuriate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • I think it would incense him to learn the truth.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: inflame, affront, aggravate, anger, antagonize, awrath, burn up, cheese off, cross, embitter, envenom, gall, get, get to, honk off, incense, infuriate, madden, make angry, nark, offend, outrage, provoke, put out, rankle, rile, piss off, roil, set off, steam, tick off, get one's back up, get someone's dander up, get someone's goat, get someone's Irish up, make someone see red, make someone's blood boil, put someone's back up, raise someone's hackles, raise someone's shag, rattle someone's cage, rub the wrong way, ruffle some feathers, set up someone's birse

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To incite; to stimulate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: provoke, abet, actuate, goose, fuel, light a fire under, send, sting, bring about, cheer, draw, drive, encourage, egg on, engender, evoke, excite, foment, goad, grill, ignite, impel, incite, induce, inflame, instigate, invoke, lash, motive, motivate, move, obligate, oblige, push, promote, prompt, rouse, set off, spark off, spur, spur on, stimulate, stir, stir up, stoke, tempt, urge, whet, whip up

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

To offer incense to.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: fume

Antonyms: none provided

8

verb

Meaning 8

To perfume with, or as with, incense.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: fume, musk, cense, aromatize, odorize, scent

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

the pleasing scent produced when incense is burned

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • incense filled the room

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: aroma, fragrance, perfume, scent

10

noun

Meaning 10

a substance that produces a fragrant odor when burned

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: compound, chemical compound

Narrower terms: joss stick

11

verb

Meaning 11

make furious

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: infuriate, exasperate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: anger

12

verb

Meaning 12

perfume especially with a censer

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: cense, thurify

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: odorize, odourise, scent

History

Etymology

From Middle English encens, from Old French encens (“sweet-smelling substance”) from Late Latin incensum (“burnt incense”, literally “something burnt”), neuter past participle of incendō (“to set on fire”). Compare incendiary. Doublet of incienso. Displaced native Old English rēcels.

Across languages

Translations

179 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Acehnese: keumeunyan — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Albanian: kem — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Albanian: temjan — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Arabic: بَخُور (baḵūr) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Arabic: بُخُور (buḵūr) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Arabic: بخور (baḵūr) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Arabic: بخور (baḵūr) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Armenian: խունկ (xunk) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Armenian: ծխանելիք (cxanelikʻ) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Asturian: inciensu — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Azerbaijani: buxur — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Belarusian: ла́дан (ládan) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Belarusian: фімія́м (fimijám) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Belarusian: кадзі́ла (kadzíla) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Bengali: ধূপ (dhup) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Bulgarian: тамя́н (tamján) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Burmese: အမွှေး (a.hmwe:) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Catalan: encens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Chinese Cantonese: 香 (hoeng1) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Chinese Mandarin: 香 (xiāng) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Corsican: incensu — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Corsican: encensu — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Czech: kadidlo — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Danish: røgelse — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Danish: virak — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Dutch: wierook — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Dzongkha: སྤོས (spos) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Egyptian: nTr-sn-T:r:N33A (snṯr) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Esperanto: incenso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Estonian: viiruk — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Faroese: roykilsi — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Finnish: suitsuke — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • French: encens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Friulian: incens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Galician: incenso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Georgian: საკმეველი (saḳmeveli) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • German: Weihrauch — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • German: Räuchwerk — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Greek: λιβάνι (liváni) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ancient Greek: θυμίαμα (thumíama) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Hawaiian: heona — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Hebrew: קטורת — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Hebrew: קְטֹרֶת (któret) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Hindi: अगरबत्ती (agarbattī) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Hindi: धूपबत्ती (dhūpbattī) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Hungarian: füstölő — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Icelandic: reykelsi — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ido: incenso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Indonesian: kemenyan — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Indonesian: dupa — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Irish: túis — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Italian: incenso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Italian: olibano — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Japanese: 薫香 (kunkō) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Japanese: 香 (kō) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Kazakh: ладан (ladan) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Khmer: ធូប (thuup) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Korean: 향 (hyang) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Lao: ທູບ (thūp) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Lao: ກໍາຍານ (kam nyān) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Latin: thūs — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Latin: suffīmen — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Latin: thȳmiāma — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Latvian: vīraks — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ligurian: incénso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Lithuanian: smilkalai — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Lombard: incens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Macedonian: темјан (temjan) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Macedonian: благомирис (blagomiris) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Malay: dupa — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Malay: kemenyan — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Malay: setanggi — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Maltese: inċens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Maltese: bħur — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Māori: whakakakara — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Mongolian: сан (san) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Mongolian: ᠰᠠᠩ (sang) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Muna: dupa — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Norman: enchens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Norwegian Bokmål: virak — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Norwegian Bokmål: røkelse — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Norwegian Bokmål: røykelse — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: virak — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: røykjelse — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Church Slavic: ѳѵмїамъ (θümiamŭ) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Church Slavic: темьꙗнъ (temĭjanŭ) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Church Slavic: кадило (kadilo) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Old East Slavic: темьанъ (temĭanŭ) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Old East Slavic: ладанъ (ladanŭ) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Old East Slavic: кадило (kadilo) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Old English: rēcels — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Oromo: qayya — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Pali: dhūpa — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Persian: عود ('ud) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Persian: بخور (boxur) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Piedmontese: incens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Plautdietsch: Ruakstoff — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Plautdietsch: Weiruak — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Pohnpeian: warpwohmwahu — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Pohnpeian: insens — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Polish: kadzidło — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Portuguese: incenso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Punic: 𐤒𐤈𐤓𐤕 (qṭrt) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Romagnol: incéns — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Romagnol: inzéns — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Romanian: tămâie — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Russian: ла́дан (ládan) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Russian: фимиа́м (fimiám) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Russian: темья́н (temʹján) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Russian: кади́ло (kadílo) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Sanskrit: धूप (dhūpa) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Sardinian: timagna — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Sardinian: timanza — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Sardinian: timonza — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Serbo-Croatian: та̀мјан — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Serbo-Croatian: tàmjan — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Slovak: kadidlo — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Slovene: kadilo — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Spanish: incienso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Spanish: sahumerio — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Spanish: sahúmo — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Swahili: ubani — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Swedish: rökelse (virak c) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Tagalog: dupa — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Tagalog: insenso — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Tagalog: astangi — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Tajik: бухур (buxur) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Tamil: ஊதுபத்தி (ūtupatti) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ternate: dupa — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Thai: กํายาน (gam-yaan) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Thai: ธูป (tûup) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Tibetan: སྤོས (spos) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Turkish: tütsü — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ottoman Turkish: كونلك (günlük) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ottoman Turkish: بخور (bahur, buhur) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ukrainian: ла́дан (ládan) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ukrainian: фіміа́м (fimiám) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ukrainian: кади́ло (kadýlo) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Ukrainian: ку́риво (kúryvo) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Urdu: بخور (buxūr) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Uzbek: ladan — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Vietnamese: hương — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Vietnamese: nhang — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Welsh: thus — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Welsh: arogldarth — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Wolof: cuuraay — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Yiddish: קטורת (któyres) — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Yucatec Maya: poom — material burnt for fragrant smoke
  • Bulgarian: вбеся́вам (vbesjávam) — anger, infuriate
  • Bulgarian: разяря́вам (razjarjávam) — anger, infuriate
  • Dutch: vertoornen — anger, infuriate
  • Dutch: de woede opwekken van — anger, infuriate
  • Finnish: raivostuttaa — anger, infuriate
  • German: empören — anger, infuriate
  • German: erzürnen — anger, infuriate
  • German: aufbringen — anger, infuriate
  • Greek: εξοργίζω (exorgízo) — anger, infuriate
  • Polish: rozdrażniać — anger, infuriate
  • Polish: rozdrażnić — anger, infuriate
  • Polish: rozzłaszczać — anger, infuriate
  • Polish: rozzłościć — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: серди́ть (serdítʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: рассерди́ть (rasserdítʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: беси́ть (besítʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: взбеси́ть (vzbesítʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: разъяря́ть (razʺjarjátʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: разъяри́ть (razʺjarítʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: разгне́вать (razgnévatʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Russian: разозли́ть (razozlítʹ) — anger, infuriate
  • Spanish: enchilar — anger, infuriate
  • Spanish: encolerizar — anger, infuriate
  • Spanish: enfurecer — anger, infuriate
  • Spanish: indignar — anger, infuriate
  • Hebrew: הִקְטִיר (hiqtír) — transitive: to offer incense to / to perfume with, or as with, incense
  • Polish: perfumować kadzidłem — transitive: to offer incense to / to perfume with, or as with, incense
  • Polish: wyperfumować kadzidłem — transitive: to offer incense to / to perfume with, or as with, incense
  • Spanish: incensar — transitive: to offer incense to / to perfume with, or as with, incense
  • Spanish: sahumar — transitive: to offer incense to / to perfume with, or as with, incense
  • Spanish: incensariar — transitive: to offer incense to / to perfume with, or as with, incense