name
Meaning 1
An extinct Tungusic language (code juc), related to Manchu.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: Nurchen
Antonyms: none provided
Standard Lemma guide
Jurchen
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
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UK: /ˈd͡ʒɜːt͡ʃɛn/
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UK: /ˈd͡ʒɜːt͡ʃən/
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Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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US: /ˈd͡ʒɜɹt͡ʃɛn/
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US: /ˈd͡ʒɜɹt͡ʃən/
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rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)tʃɛn
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rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)tʃən
noun
Meaning 2
A member of a medieval and early modern Tungusic people, progenitors of the Manchus.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: Nurchen, Nuzhen, Nuchen, Nuzhi, Nuchih, Jin, Eastern Tartars, Golden Tartars
Antonyms: none provided
History
Etymology
From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (trjuwk li^X tsyin) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning "reindeer people", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.
Across languages
Translations
30 source translations are retained for this English entry.
- Chinese Mandarin: 女真語 /女真语 (Nǚzhēnyǔ) — language
- Japanese: 女真語 (joshingo) — language
- Korean: 여진어 (yeojineo) — language
- Russian: чжурчжэньский (čžurčžɛnʹskij) — language
- Turkish: Curçence — language
- Vietnamese: tiếng Nữ Chân — language
- Chinese Mandarin: 女真 (Nǚzhēn) — Tungusic people
- Chinese Mandarin: 女貞 /女贞 (Nǚzhēn) — Tungusic people
- Chinese Mandarin: 女直 (Nǚzhí) — Tungusic people
- Finnish: džurtšen — Tungusic people
- Japanese: 女真 (Joshin) — Tungusic people
- Japanese: 女直 (Jochoku) — Tungusic people
- Kazakh: шүршіт (şürşıt) — Tungusic people
- Korean: 여진 (yeojin) — Tungusic people
- Manchu: ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ (jušen) — Tungusic people
- Mongolian: ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid) — Tungusic people
- Mongolian: ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰörčid) — Tungusic people
- Mongolian: зүрчид (zürčid) — Tungusic people
- Mongolian: зөрчид (zörčid) — Tungusic people
- Mongolian: жүрчид (žürčid) — Tungusic people
- Polish: dżurdżen — Tungusic people
- Polish: dżurdżenka — Tungusic people
- Russian: чжурчжэ́нь (čžurčžɛ́nʹ) — Tungusic people
- Russian: чжуличжэ́нь (čžuličžɛ́nʹ) — Tungusic people
- Russian: нюйчжэ́нь (njujčžɛ́nʹ) — Tungusic people
- Russian: нюйчжи́ (njujčží) — Tungusic people
- Serbo-Croatian: džurdži — Tungusic people
- Turkish: Curçen — Tungusic people
- Uyghur: جۇرجىت (jurjit) — Tungusic people
- Vietnamese: Nữ Chân — Tungusic people
Real reading context