verb · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
/ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/without æ-raising
/ˈleɪ̯ŋ.ɡwɪʃ/æ-raising
/ˈlɛ̃ŋ.ɡwɪʃ/æ-raising
Southern-England:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
rhymes with -æŋɡwɪʃ
CMU ARPABET:L AE1 NG G W IH0 SH
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
verb
Meaning 1
To lose strength and become weak; to be in a state of weakness or sickness.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
verb
Meaning 2
To pine away in longing for something; to have low spirits, especially from lovesickness.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
Examples
He languished without his girlfriend.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
verb
Meaning 3
To live in miserable or disheartening conditions.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
Examples
He languished in prison for years.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: rot
Antonyms: none provided
4
verb
Meaning 4
To be neglected; to make little progress, be unsuccessful.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
Examples
The case languished for years before coming to trial.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
5
verb
Meaning 5
To make weak; to weaken, devastate.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: obsolete, transitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
6
verb
Meaning 6
To affect a languid air, especially disingenuously.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: archaic, intransitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
7
verb
Meaning 7
become feeble
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
The prisoner has be languishing for years in the dungeon
have a desire for something or someone who is not present
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
She ached for a cigarette
I am pining for my lover
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: ache, yearn, yen, pine
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: hanker, long, yearn
Narrower terms: die
History
Etymology
From Middle English languysshen, from the present participle stem of Anglo-Norman and Middle French languir, from Late Latin languīre, alteration of Latin languēre (“to be faint, unwell”). : Compare languor, languid and lax. : Cognate with slack.
Across languages
Translations
135 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Albanian:
lëngoj
— to lose strength and become weak
Arabic:
فَتَرَ
(fatara)
— to lose strength and become weak
Arabic:
ضَعُفَ
(ḍaʕufa)
— to lose strength and become weak
Armenian:
թառամել
(tʻaṙamel)
— to lose strength and become weak
Armenian:
թուլանալ
(tʻulanal)
— to lose strength and become weak
Armenian:
տկարանալ
(tkaranal)
— to lose strength and become weak
Armenian:
հյուծվել
(hyucvel)
— to lose strength and become weak
Bulgarian:
отслабвам
(otslabvam)
— to lose strength and become weak
Bulgarian:
отмалявам
(otmaljavam)
— to lose strength and become weak
Catalan:
decaure
— to lose strength and become weak
Chinese Mandarin:
憔悴
(qiáocuì)
— to lose strength and become weak
Czech:
zeslábnout
— to lose strength and become weak
Danish:
trættes
— to lose strength and become weak
Dutch:
verzwakken
— to lose strength and become weak
Dutch:
verslappen
— to lose strength and become weak
Finnish:
riutua
— to lose strength and become weak
Finnish:
nääntyä
— to lose strength and become weak
French:
dépérir
— to lose strength and become weak
French:
se cachectiser
— to lose strength and become weak
French:
se rabougrir
— to lose strength and become weak
French:
devenir étique
— to lose strength and become weak
German:
ermatten
— to lose strength and become weak
German:
erschlaffen
— to lose strength and become weak
German:
siechen
— to lose strength and become weak
Hungarian:
gyengül
— to lose strength and become weak
Hungarian:
lankad
— to lose strength and become weak
Hungarian:
bágyad
— to lose strength and become weak
Hungarian:
ernyed
— to lose strength and become weak
Hungarian:
pilled
— to lose strength and become weak
Hungarian:
erőtlenedik
— to lose strength and become weak
Ido:
langorar
— to lose strength and become weak
Italian:
intristire
— to lose strength and become weak
Italian:
languire
— to lose strength and become weak
Japanese:
元気がなくなる
(genki ga nakunaru)
— to lose strength and become weak
Northern Kurdish:
binisîn
— to lose strength and become weak
Latin:
marcesco
— to lose strength and become weak
Macedonian:
о́слаби
(óslabi)
— to lose strength and become weak
Māori:
tārure
— to lose strength and become weak
Old English:
dwīnan
— to lose strength and become weak
Persian:
رنجور شدن
(ranjur šodan)
— to lose strength and become weak
Polish:
marnieć
— to lose strength and become weak
Portuguese:
definhar
— to lose strength and become weak
Russian:
ча́хнуть
(čáxnutʹ)
— to lose strength and become weak
Russian:
увяда́ть
(uvjadátʹ)
— to lose strength and become weak
Russian:
слабе́ть
(slabétʹ)
— to lose strength and become weak
Spanish:
atrofiar
— to lose strength and become weak
Spanish:
marchitar
— to lose strength and become weak
Spanish:
decaer
— to lose strength and become weak
Swedish:
försmäkta
— to lose strength and become weak
Swedish:
tyna bort
— to lose strength and become weak
Turkish:
gevşemek
— to lose strength and become weak
Ukrainian:
скні́ти
(skníty)
— to lose strength and become weak
Armenian:
տանջվել
(tanǰvel)
— to pine away with longing
Armenian:
թախծել
(tʻaxcel)
— to pine away with longing
Armenian:
ուժից ընկնել
(užicʻ ənknel)
— to pine away with longing
Armenian:
ուժասպառ լինել
(užaspaṙ linel)
— to pine away with longing
Bulgarian:
чезна
(čezna)
— to pine away with longing
Catalan:
llanguir
— to pine away with longing
Dutch:
smachten
— to pine away with longing
Dutch:
verlangen
— to pine away with longing
Esperanto:
velki
— to pine away with longing
Finnish:
riutua
— to pine away with longing
Finnish:
räytyä
— to pine away with longing
French:
languir
— to pine away with longing
French:
se mourir
— to pine away with longing
German:
schmachten
— to pine away with longing
German:
sehnen
— to pine away with longing
German:
sich verzehren
— to pine away with longing
Greek:
μαραζώνω
(marazóno)
— to pine away with longing
Hungarian:
eped
— to pine away with longing
Hungarian:
epekedik
— to pine away with longing
Hungarian:
sóvárog
— to pine away with longing
Macedonian:
ве́нее
(vénee)
— to pine away with longing
Macedonian:
и́збледи
(ízbledi)
— to pine away with longing
Māori:
hiangongo
— to pine away with longing
Persian:
بیحال شدن
(bi-hâl šodan)
— to pine away with longing
Persian:
در حسرت سوختن
(dar hasrat suxtan)
— to pine away with longing
Polish:
tęsknić
— to pine away with longing
Russian:
тоскова́ть
(toskovátʹ)
— to pine away with longing
Russian:
изныва́ть
(iznyvátʹ)
— to pine away with longing
Spanish:
languidecer
— to pine away with longing
Turkish:
durgunlaşmak
— to pine away with longing
Arabic:
قَبَعَ
(qabaʕa)
— to live in miserable conditions
Czech:
živořit
— to live in miserable conditions
Dutch:
kwijnen
— to live in miserable conditions
Dutch:
wegkwijnen
— to live in miserable conditions
Finnish:
kitua
— to live in miserable conditions
Finnish:
riutua
— to live in miserable conditions
Finnish:
virua
— to live in miserable conditions
French:
traîner une misérable éxistence
— to live in miserable conditions
French:
vivoter
— to live in miserable conditions
German:
dahinsiechen
— to live in miserable conditions
German:
schmachten
— to live in miserable conditions
Hungarian:
senyved
— to live in miserable conditions
Hungarian:
sínylődik
— to live in miserable conditions
Italian:
vivachiare
— to live in miserable conditions
Japanese:
惨めに暮らす
(mijime ni kurasu)
— to live in miserable conditions
Persian:
ذله شدن
(zelle šodan)
— to live in miserable conditions
Polish:
dogorywać
— to live in miserable conditions
Polish:
pokutować
— to live in miserable conditions
Russian:
томи́ться
(tomítʹsja)
— to live in miserable conditions
Russian:
прозяба́ть
(prozjabátʹ)
— to live in miserable conditions
Russian:
влачи́ть жа́лкое существова́ние
(vlačítʹ žálkoje suščestvovánije)
— to live in miserable conditions
Spanish:
sufrir
— to live in miserable conditions
Spanish:
desperecer
— to live in miserable conditions
Spanish:
ir tirando
— to live in miserable conditions
Spanish:
malvivir
— to live in miserable conditions
Turkish:
sürünmek
— to live in miserable conditions
Ukrainian:
скні́ти
(skníty)
— to live in miserable conditions
Arabic:
أُهْمِلَ
(ʔuhmila)
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Dutch:
stagneren
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Finnish:
roikkua
— to be neglected, to make little progress
French:
péricliter
— to be neglected, to make little progress
French:
décliner
— to be neglected, to make little progress
French:
stagner
— to be neglected, to make little progress
French:
piétiner
— to be neglected, to make little progress
French:
marquer le pas
— to be neglected, to make little progress
French:
patauger
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Hungarian:
tesped
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Hungarian:
kókadozik
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Hungarian:
darvadozik
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Hungarian:
hervadozik
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Hungarian:
sorvadozik
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Italian:
stagnare
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Italian:
segnare il passo
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Persian:
سرد شدن
(sard šodan)
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Persian:
مغفول ماندن
(maġful mândan)
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Polish:
wlec się
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Russian:
тяну́ться
(tjanútʹsja)
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Spanish:
periclitar
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Spanish:
debilitarse
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Spanish:
estancarse
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Spanish:
atascarse
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Spanish:
enredarse
— to be neglected, to make little progress
Ukrainian:
скні́ти
(skníty)
— to be neglected, to make little progress