Standard Lemma guide

longitudinal

adj · noun · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˌlɒŋ.ɡɪˈtjuː.dɪ.nəl/
  • British, Southern, Standard: /ˌlɔŋ.ɡɪˈtʃʉw.dɪ.nəl/
  • General-American: /ˌlɔn.dʒɪˈtu.dɪ.nəl/
  • General-American: /ˌlɔn.dʒəˈtu.də.nəl/ weak vowel merger
  • cot-caught-merger: /ˌlɑn.dʒɪˈtu.dɪ.nəl/
  • cot-caught-merger: /ˌlɑn.dʒəˈtu.də.nəl/ weak vowel merger
  • Canada: /ˌlɒŋ.dʒəˈtu.də.nəl/
  • Australian: /ˌlɔŋ.ɡəˈtʃʉː.də.nəl/
  • New-Zealand: /ˌlɒŋ.ɡəˈtʃʉː.də.nəl/
  • New-Zealand: [ˌlɔ̟ŋɡəˈtʃʉːdənəl]
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: L AA2 N JH AH0 T UW1 D AH0 N AH0 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Running across a set direction of an object.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Examples

  • The motion about the longitudinal axis of an airplane is called roll.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: lengthwise

Antonyms: none provided

2

adj

Meaning 2

Running across a set direction of an object.

Running in the direction of the long axis of a body.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: lengthwise, craniocaudal, cephalocaudal, rostrocaudal

Antonyms: none provided

3

adj

Meaning 3

Relating to the geographical longitude.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Examples

  • The longitudinal position of a ship refers to its angular distance east or west from the prime meridian.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

adj

Meaning 4

Of a study, sampling data over time rather than merely once.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Topics: sciences

Examples

  • longitudinal studies

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

Any longitudinal piece, as in shipbuilding etc.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: rail-transport, railways, transport

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

adjective

Meaning 7

of or relating to lines of longitude

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • longitudinal reckoning by the navigator

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

adjective satellite

Meaning 8

over an extended time

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a longitudinal study of twins

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

adjective satellite

Meaning 9

running lengthwise

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a thin longitudinal strip
  • longitudinal measurements of the hull

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From Latin longitūdin- + -al, from oblique stem of Latin longitūdō, from longus + -tūdō. By surface analysis, longitude + -al.

Across languages

Translations

37 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Finnish: pitkittäinen — relating to length
  • Finnish: pituussuuntainen — relating to length
  • Finnish: pituus- — relating to length
  • French: longitudinal — relating to length
  • German: längenmäßig — relating to length
  • German: longitudinal — relating to length
  • Japanese: 経度の (keido no) — relating to length
  • Japanese: 進行方向の (shinkōhōkō no) — relating to length
  • Polish: podłużny — relating to length
  • Polish: długościowy — relating to length
  • Romanian: longitudinal — relating to length
  • Russian: долго́тный (dolgótnyj) — relating to length
  • Russian: продо́льный (prodólʹnyj) — relating to length
  • Spanish: longitudinal — relating to length
  • Welsh: hydredol — relating to length
  • Finnish: longitudinaalinen — relating to longitude
  • Bulgarian: надлъжен (nadlǎžen) — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Czech: podélný — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Dutch: overlangs — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Finnish: pitkittäinen — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Finnish: pituussuuntainen — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • German: längslaufend — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Hungarian: hosszanti — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Hungarian: hosszirányú — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Japanese: 縦の (tate no) — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Russian: осево́й (osevój) — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Welsh: hydredol — running in the direction of the long axis of a body
  • Finnish: pitkittäinen — sampling data over time
  • German: Längsschnitt — sampling data over time
  • Hungarian: longitudinális — sampling data over time
  • Hungarian: hosszmetszeti — sampling data over time
  • Irish: comhréireach — sampling data over time
  • Serbo-Croatian: дугорочни — sampling data over time
  • Serbo-Croatian: dugoročni — sampling data over time
  • Spanish: longitudinal — sampling data over time
  • Māori: tari — any piece lying longitudinally
  • Finnish: pitkittäispölkky — type of railway sleeper
Real reading context

longitudinal in complete knowledge articles