Standard Lemma guide

martyrdom

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • UK: /ˈmɑː(ɹ).tə(ɹ).dəm/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: M AA1 R T ER0 D AH0 M Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The condition of a martyr; the death or suffering of a martyr; the death or suffering on account of adherence to the Christian faith, or to any cause.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Extreme suffering, affliction; torment; torture, especially without reason.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

any experience that causes intense suffering

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: calvary

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: affliction

4

noun

Meaning 4

death that is imposed because of the person's adherence of a religious faith or cause

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: death, decease, expiry

History

Etymology

From Middle English martyrdome, martirdom, marterdom, from Old English martyrdōm (“martyrdom”), corresponding to martyr + -dom. Cognate with German Märtyrertum (“martyrdom”), Danish martyrdom (“martyrdom”), Swedish martyrdom (“martyrdom”), Norwegian martyrdom (“martyrdom”).

Across languages

Translations

63 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: شَهَادَة (šahāda) — condition of a martyr
  • Azerbaijani: şəhidlik — condition of a martyr
  • Belarusian: паку́тніцтва (pakútnictva) — condition of a martyr
  • Belarusian: му́чаніцтва (múčanictva) — condition of a martyr
  • Bulgarian: мъчени́чество (mǎčeníčestvo) — condition of a martyr
  • Catalan: martiri — condition of a martyr
  • Chinese Mandarin: 殉難 /殉难 (xùnnàn) — condition of a martyr
  • Chinese Mandarin: 殉教 (xùnjiào) — condition of a martyr
  • Chinese Mandarin: 殉道 (xùndào) — condition of a martyr
  • Czech: mučednictví — condition of a martyr
  • Finnish: marttyyrius — condition of a martyr
  • French: martyre — condition of a martyr
  • Georgian: მოწამეობა (moc̣ameoba) — condition of a martyr
  • German: Märtyrertod — condition of a martyr
  • Greek: μαρτύριο (martýrio) — condition of a martyr
  • Hindi: वीरगति (vīragti) — condition of a martyr
  • Hindi: शहादत (śahādat) — condition of a martyr
  • Hindi: शहीदी (śahīdī) — condition of a martyr
  • Hindi: कुरबानी (kurbānī) — condition of a martyr
  • Hungarian: mártíromság — condition of a martyr
  • Hungarian: vértanúság — condition of a martyr
  • Indonesian: kemartiran — condition of a martyr
  • Japanese: 殉教 (junkyō) — condition of a martyr
  • Korean: 순교 (sun'gyo) — condition of a martyr
  • Macedonian: мачеништво (mačeništvo) — condition of a martyr
  • Malayalam: രക്തസാക്ഷിത്വം (raktasākṣitvaṁ) — condition of a martyr
  • Malayalam: വീരമൃത്യു (vīramr̥tyu) — condition of a martyr
  • Malayalam: ആത്മത്യാഗം (ātmatyāgaṁ) — condition of a martyr
  • Māori: matiratanga — condition of a martyr
  • Iranian Persian: شَهادَت (šahâdat) — condition of a martyr
  • Polish: męczeństwo — condition of a martyr
  • Punjabi: ਸ਼ਹਾਦਤ (śahādat) — condition of a martyr
  • Punjabi: شَہَادَت (śahādat) — condition of a martyr
  • Romanian: martiriu — condition of a martyr
  • Russian: му́ченичество (múčeničestvo) — condition of a martyr
  • Scottish Gaelic: martarachd — condition of a martyr
  • Serbo-Croatian: му̏ченӣштво — condition of a martyr
  • Serbo-Croatian: mȕčenīštvo — condition of a martyr
  • Slovak: mučeníctvo — condition of a martyr
  • Slovene: mučeništvo — condition of a martyr
  • Spanish: martirio — condition of a martyr
  • Swedish: martyrskap — condition of a martyr
  • Tajik: шаҳодат (šahodat) — condition of a martyr
  • Turkish: şehitlik — condition of a martyr
  • Turkish: şehadet — condition of a martyr
  • Ottoman Turkish: شهادت (şehadet) — condition of a martyr
  • Ukrainian: му́чеництво (múčenyctvo) — condition of a martyr
  • Urdu: شَہادَت (śahādat) — condition of a martyr
  • Uzbek: shahodat — condition of a martyr
  • Volapük: martür — condition of a martyr
  • Volapük: matür — condition of a martyr
  • Catalan: martiri — great suffering
  • Chinese Mandarin: 折磨 (zhémo) — great suffering
  • Chinese Mandarin: 痛苦 (tòngkǔ) — great suffering
  • Chinese Mandarin: 受苦 (shòukǔ) — great suffering
  • Czech: mučení — great suffering
  • Finnish: marttyyrius — great suffering
  • French: martyre — great suffering
  • Greek: μαρτύριο (martýrio) — great suffering
  • Polish: męka — great suffering
  • Russian: му́ка (múka) — great suffering
  • Scottish Gaelic: martarachd — great suffering
  • Spanish: martirio — great suffering
Real reading context

martyrdom in complete knowledge articles