Standard Lemma guide

mess

name · noun · verb · 30 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /mɛs/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɛs
  • CMU ARPABET: M EH1 S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

A surname from German.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

a thing or group of things in a disagreeable, disorganised, or dirty state; hence a bad situation

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • He made a mess of it.
  • My bedroom is such a mess; I need to tidy up.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: disorder, bedlam, car crash, chaos, confusion, disarray, disorganization, dog's breakfast, dog's dinner, free-for-all, fuddle, hash, hot mess, imbroglio, mash, maze, mess, misorder, mommick, muddle, mullock, muss, shambles, shemozzle, snarl, tangle, topsy-turviness, upfuckery

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

a large quantity or number

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: colloquial, countable, uncountable

Examples

  • My boss dumped a whole mess of projects on my desk today.
  • She brought back a mess of fish to fix for supper.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

excrement.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, euphemistic, uncountable

Examples

  • There was dog mess all along the street.
  • Did you hear that? It scared the mess out of me.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

a person in a state of (especially emotional) turmoil or disarray; an emotional wreck

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, figuratively, uncountable

Examples

  • Between the pain and the depression, I'm a mess.
  • He's been a mess and a half ever since you excommunicated him.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

Mass; a church service.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

A quantity of food set on a table at one time; provision of food for a person or party for one meal; also, the food given to an animal at one time.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic

Examples

  • c. 1555, Hugh Latimer, letter to one in prison for the profession of the Gospel a mess of pottage

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

A number of persons who eat together, and for whom food is prepared in common, especially military personnel who eat at the same table.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: collective

Examples

  • the wardroom mess

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

A building or room in which mess is eaten.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

noun

Meaning 10

a type of restaurant characterized by homely-style cooking and food.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: India

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

noun

Meaning 11

A set of four (from the old practice of dividing companies into sets of four at dinner).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

12

noun

Meaning 12

The milk given by a cow at one milking.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: US

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

13

noun

Meaning 13

A group of iguanas.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: collective

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: slaughter

Antonyms: none provided

14

noun

Meaning 14

A dessert of fruit and cream, similar to a fool.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: cooking, food, lifestyle

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

15

verb

Meaning 15

To make untidy or dirty.

To make soiled by defecating.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: often, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

16

verb

Meaning 16

To make untidy or dirty.

To make soiled by ejaculating.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: often, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

17

verb

Meaning 17

To throw into disorder or to ruin.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: often, transitive

Examples

  • Charles Dickens, quoted in: 1875, John Forster, The Life of Charles Dickens Yet I was not sorry that the creature found the loophole for escape. The officers had taken him illegally without any warrant; and really they messed it all through, quite facetiously.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

18

verb

Meaning 18

To interfere.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • This doesn't concern you. Don't mess.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

19

verb

Meaning 19

To take meals with a mess.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

20

verb

Meaning 20

To belong to a mess.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

21

verb

Meaning 21

To eat (with others).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • I mess with the wardroom officers.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

22

verb

Meaning 22

To supply with a mess.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

23

noun

Meaning 23

a (large) military dining room where service personnel eat or relax

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mess hall

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: dining room, dining-room

Narrower terms: officer's mess

24

noun

Meaning 24

a meal eaten in a mess hall by service personnel

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: meal, repast

25

noun

Meaning 25

soft semiliquid food

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a mess of porridge

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: nutriment, nourishment, nutrition, sustenance, aliment, alimentation, victuals

26

noun

Meaning 26

(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a batch of letters
  • a deal of trouble
  • a lot of money
  • he made a mint on the stock market
  • see the rest of the winners in our huge passel of photos
  • it must have cost plenty
  • a slew of journalists
  • a wad of money

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap, lot, mass, mickle, mint, mountain, muckle, passel, peck, pile, plenty, pot, quite a little, raft, sight, slew, spate, stack, tidy sum, wad

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: large indefinite quantity, large indefinite amount

Narrower terms: flood, inundation, deluge, torrent, haymow

27

noun

Meaning 27

informal terms for a difficult situation

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he got into a terrible fix
  • he made a muddle of his marriage

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: fix, hole, jam, muddle, pickle, kettle of fish

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: difficulty

Narrower terms: dog's breakfast, dog's dinner

28

noun

Meaning 28

a state of confusion and disorderliness

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the house was a mess
  • she smoothed the mussiness of the bed

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: messiness, muss, mussiness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: disorderliness, disorder

29

verb

Meaning 29

make a mess of or create disorder in

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • He messed up his room

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mess up

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: disorder, disarray

30

verb

Meaning 30

eat in a mess hall

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: eat

History

Etymology

Borrowed from German Mess.

Perhaps a corruption of Middle English mesh (“mash”), compare muss, or derived from Etymology 2 "mixed foods, as for animals". Compare also Old English mes (“dung, excrement”).

From Middle English mes, partly from Old English mēse, mēose (“table”), a vernacular loan from Latin/Late Latin mē(n)sa (“table; meal”); and partly from Old French mes, Late Latin missum, from mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”). See mission, and compare Mass (“religious service”).

Across languages

Translations

158 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: gemors — confusion of things
  • Afrikaans: deurmekaarspul — confusion of things
  • Arabic: فَوْضَى (fawḍā) — confusion of things
  • Arabic: اِخْتِلَاط (iḵtilāṭ) — confusion of things
  • Arabic: اِرْتِبَاك (irtibāk) — confusion of things
  • Arabic: اِضْطِرَاب (iḍṭirāb) — confusion of things
  • Arabic: كَرْكَبة (karkaba) — confusion of things
  • Arabic: لَخْبَطَة (laḵbaṭa) — confusion of things
  • Arabic: خَرْبَطة (ḵarbaṭa) — confusion of things
  • Armenian: անկարգություն (ankargutʻyun) — confusion of things
  • Armenian: խառնաշփոթ (xaṙnašpʻotʻ) — confusion of things
  • Basque: anabasa — confusion of things
  • Belarusian: беспара́дак (bjesparádak) — confusion of things
  • Belarusian: барда́к (bardák) — confusion of things
  • Belarusian: бязла́дздзе (bjazládzdzje) — confusion of things
  • Belarusian: разгардзія́ш (razhardzijáš) — confusion of things
  • Belarusian: гармі́дар (harmídar) — confusion of things
  • Belarusian: не́лад (njélad) — confusion of things
  • Breton: tiala — confusion of things
  • Bulgarian: бъркоти́я (bǎrkotíja) — confusion of things
  • Bulgarian: безпоря́дък (bezporjádǎk) — confusion of things
  • Bulgarian: безре́дие (bezrédie) — confusion of things
  • Catalan: garbuix — confusion of things
  • Catalan: embolic — confusion of things
  • Catalan: desgavell — confusion of things
  • Chinese Mandarin: 混亂 /混乱 (hùnluàn) — confusion of things
  • Chinese Mandarin: 雜亂 /杂乱 (záluàn) — confusion of things
  • Czech: nepořádek — confusion of things
  • Danish: rod — confusion of things
  • Dutch: puinhoop — confusion of things
  • Dutch: zootje — confusion of things
  • Esperanto: kaĉo — confusion of things
  • Esperanto: tohuvabohuo — confusion of things
  • Finnish: sotku — confusion of things
  • French: fouillis — confusion of things
  • French: gâchis — confusion of things
  • French: bazar — confusion of things
  • French: foutoir — confusion of things
  • French: chenis — confusion of things
  • French: chienlit — confusion of things
  • French: bourbier — confusion of things
  • French: bordel — confusion of things
  • French: désordre — confusion of things
  • Galician: roldán — confusion of things
  • Galician: desmancho — confusion of things
  • Galician: marfallada — confusion of things
  • Galician: turullada — confusion of things
  • Galician: barallada — confusion of things
  • Galician: enviza — confusion of things
  • Galician: desorde — confusion of things
  • Galician: liorna — confusion of things
  • Galician: desfeita — confusion of things
  • Galician: andrómena — confusion of things
  • Georgian: უწესრიგობა (uc̣esrigoba) — confusion of things
  • Georgian: უსიამოვნება (usiamovneba) — confusion of things
  • German: Durcheinander — confusion of things
  • German: Unordnung — confusion of things
  • German: (totales) Chaos — confusion of things
  • German: Schweinerei — confusion of things
  • German: Saustall — confusion of things
  • German: Mist (bauen) — confusion of things
  • Hebrew: חוסר סדר (khóser séder) — confusion of things
  • Hebrew: אי־סדר (i-séder) — confusion of things
  • Hebrew: בלגן (balagán) — confusion of things
  • Hebrew: ברדק (bardák) — confusion of things
  • Hebrew: אנדרלמוסיה (andralamúsya) — confusion of things
  • Hebrew: בוקה ומבולקה (buká umevulaká) — confusion of things
  • Hungarian: rendetlenség — confusion of things
  • Hungarian: összevisszaság — confusion of things
  • Hungarian: zűrzavar — confusion of things
  • Hungarian: felfordulás — confusion of things
  • Irish: praiseach — confusion of things
  • Italian: confusione — confusion of things
  • Italian: macello — confusion of things
  • Italian: casino — confusion of things
  • Italian: sconquasso — confusion of things
  • Italian: percorso ad ostacoli — confusion of things
  • Italian: rovina — confusion of things
  • Japanese: 混乱 (konran) — confusion of things
  • Khmer: សង្ករ (sɑngkɑɑ) — confusion of things
  • Korean: 혼란 (hollan) — confusion of things
  • Korean: 엉망 (eongmang) — confusion of things
  • Lithuanian: netvarka — confusion of things
  • Macedonian: неред (nered) — confusion of things
  • Macedonian: безредие (bezredie) — confusion of things
  • Māori: pōwhiwhi — confusion of things
  • Māori: kūnakunaku — confusion of things
  • Māori: tīrangorango — confusion of things
  • Māori: tīwekaweka — confusion of things
  • Norwegian: røre — confusion of things
  • Plautdietsch: Krom — confusion of things
  • Polish: bałagan — confusion of things
  • Polish: burdel — confusion of things
  • Polish: nieporządek — confusion of things
  • Polish: nieład — confusion of things
  • Polish: bardak — confusion of things
  • Polish: bardach — confusion of things
  • Polish: barłóg — confusion of things
  • Portuguese: bagunça — confusion of things
  • Romanian: haos — confusion of things
  • Russian: беспоря́док (besporjádok) — confusion of things
  • Russian: барда́к (bardák) — confusion of things
  • Russian: ме́сиво (mésivo) — confusion of things
  • Russian: пу́таница (pútanica) — confusion of things
  • Russian: каварда́к (kavardák) — confusion of things
  • Russian: кутерьма́ (kuterʹmá) — confusion of things
  • Russian: раскарда́ш (raskardáš) — confusion of things
  • Russian: срач (srač) — confusion of things
  • Russian: неразбери́ха (nerazberíxa) — confusion of things
  • Scots: pran — confusion of things
  • Serbo-Croatian: не̏ре̄д — confusion of things
  • Serbo-Croatian: nȅrēd — confusion of things
  • Slovak: neporiadok — confusion of things
  • Slovak: bordel — confusion of things
  • Slovene: nered — confusion of things
  • Slovene: zmeda — confusion of things
  • Slovene: zmešnjava — confusion of things
  • Spanish: leonera — confusion of things
  • Spanish: desmadre — confusion of things
  • Spanish: belén — confusion of things
  • Spanish: cristo — confusion of things
  • Spanish: cisco — confusion of things
  • Spanish: pollo — confusion of things
  • Spanish: lío — confusion of things
  • Spanish: enredo — confusion of things
  • Spanish: embolado — confusion of things
  • Spanish: fregado — confusion of things
  • Spanish: putiferio — confusion of things
  • Spanish: quilombo — confusion of things
  • Spanish: samplegorio — confusion of things
  • Spanish: merequetengue — confusion of things
  • Spanish: embrollo — confusion of things
  • Spanish: barullo — confusion of things
  • Spanish: follón — confusion of things
  • Spanish: desbaratamiento — confusion of things
  • Spanish: desbarato — confusion of things
  • Spanish: desbarate — confusion of things
  • Spanish: desbarajuste — confusion of things
  • Spanish: cahuín — confusion of things
  • Swedish: röra — confusion of things
  • Thai: ความสับสน (kwaam-sàp-sǒn) — confusion of things
  • Tongan: moveuveu — confusion of things
  • Turkish: teşevvüş — confusion of things
  • Ottoman Turkish: قارش (karış) — confusion of things
  • Ottoman Turkish: تشوش (teşevvüş) — confusion of things
  • Ukrainian: бе́злад (bézlad) — confusion of things
  • Ukrainian: плутани́на (plutanýna) — confusion of things
  • Ukrainian: барда́к (bardák) — confusion of things
  • Ukrainian: розгардія́ш (rozhardijáš) — confusion of things
  • Ukrainian: безла́ддя (bezláddja) — confusion of things
  • Ukrainian: безпоря́док (bezporjádok) — confusion of things
  • Welsh: annibendod — confusion of things
  • Bulgarian: будалкам се (budalkam se) — screw around
  • Danish: fucke — screw around
  • Galician: foder — screw around
  • Slovak: buzerovať — screw around
  • Swedish: jävlas — screw around
  • Swedish: djävlas — screw around