minstrel

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• General-American, Received-Pronunciation: /ˈmɪnstɹ(ə)l/
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• General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• CMU ARPABET: M IH1 N S T R AH0 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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The noun is derived from Middle English minstral, menestrel (“actor; juggler; mime; musician; singer; storyteller; (military) soldier playing a horn or trumpet as a signal”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman menestrel [and other forms] and Old French menestrel (“artisan; servant; itinerant musician or poet; worker”) [and other forms] (modern French ménestrel (“minstrel”)), from Late Latin ministerialis (“official or retainer owing household and military service to a feudal lord, a ministerial or ministerialis”), from Latin ministerium (“employment, ministration; office of a minister, ministry; action or attendance by an inferior person such as a slave, service”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives). Ministerium is derived from minister (“accomplice; agent; aide; attendant; servant; waiter”) (probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey-n- (“little, small”) + *-yōs (“-er”, comparative suffix) + *-teros (contrastive or oppositional suffix forming adjectives)) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). Doublet of ministerial and ministerialis. The verb is derived from the noun.

37 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Belarusian: менестрэ́ль (mjenjestrélʹ) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Bourguignon: ménétrei — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Bulgarian: менестре́л (menestrél) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Catalan: joglar — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Catalan: menestrer — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Chinese Mandarin: 吟遊詩人 /吟游诗人 (yínyóu shīrén) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Czech: minstrel — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Dutch: speelman — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Dutch: minstreel — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Finnish: minstreli — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Finnish: kiertelevä laulaja — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• French: ménestrel — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• French: ménétrier — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Galician: segrel — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Galician: xogral — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Galician: xograr — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Georgian: მენესტრელი (menesṭreli) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• German: Minnesänger — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• German: Spielmann — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• German: Troubadour — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Greek: μενεστρέλος (menestrélos) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Hungarian: vándorénekes — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Italian: menestrello — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Japanese: ミンストレル (minsutoreru) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Japanese: 吟遊詩人 (gin'yū shijin) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Korean: 민스트럴 (minseuteureol) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Korean: 음유시인 (eumyusiin) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Old English: sċop — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Polish: minstrel — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Portuguese: menestrel — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Portuguese: jogral — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Romanian: menestrel — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Russian: менестре́ль (menestrélʹ) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Spanish: ministril — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Spanish: juglar — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Ukrainian: менестре́ль (menestrélʹ) — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment
• Walloon: mestré — medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment