Standard Lemma guide

misery

name · noun · 8 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹɪ/
  • General-American: mĭzʹə-rē
  • General-American: mĭzʹrē
  • General-American: /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹi/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: M IH1 Z ER0 IY0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

Derogatory name for Missouri: a state of the United States.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: derogatory, humorous, slang

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Great unhappiness; extreme pain of body or mind; wretchedness; distress; woe.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • Ever since his wife left him you can see the misery on his face.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: dejection, grief, sorrow, blueness, tristesse, mirthless, blues, crestfallenness, depression, despondency, distress, dolefulness, downheartedness, drearihead, forlornness, heartsore, ill-being, infelicity, melancholia, melancholy, misery, mishappiness, mourn, prosternation, regret, rue, ruth, sadness, sorrowfulness, tristfulness, undelight, unhappiness, woe, woefare, wretchedness

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A bodily ache or pain.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: UK, US, countable, dialectal, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: misery, pain, wark

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

Cause of misery; calamity; misfortune.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: adversity, woe, affliction, aggrievance, distress, grief, grievance, hardship, misery, ruth, sadness, sorrow, undelight, vexation, wrong

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

poverty.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Qualifier: Extreme

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: beggary, brokeness, destitution, impecuniosity, impecuniousness, indigence, mendicancy, mendicity, misery, neediness, pauperism, penury, poverty, privation, reduced circumstances, straitened circumstances

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

greed; avarice.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: avarice, covetise, covetousness, cupidity, gluttony, greed, greediness, Mammon, rapaciousness, rapacity, ravin, voracity

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

a feeling of intense unhappiness

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • she was exhausted by her misery and grief

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: sadness, unhappiness

8

noun

Meaning 8

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the misery and wretchedness of those slums is intolerable

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: wretchedness, miserableness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: ill-being

Narrower terms: concentration camp, living death, suffering, woe

History

Etymology

Blend of Missouri + misery.

From Middle English miserie, from Old French miserie (modern: misère), from Latin miseria, from miser, equivalent to miser + -y. Doublet of misère and mizeria.

Across languages

Translations

138 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: شَقَاوَة (šaqāwa) — great unhappiness
  • Arabic: تَعَاسَة (taʕāsa) — great unhappiness
  • Assamese: বিলৈ (biloi) — great unhappiness
  • Assamese: দুৰ্দশা (durdoxa) — great unhappiness
  • Early Assamese: বিলাই (bilai) — great unhappiness
  • Azerbaijani: qada — great unhappiness
  • Azerbaijani: bəla — great unhappiness
  • Azerbaijani: dərd — great unhappiness
  • Azerbaijani: müsibət — great unhappiness
  • Azerbaijani: fəlakət — great unhappiness
  • Belarusian: няшча́сце (njaščáscje) — great unhappiness
  • Belarusian: бяда́ (bjadá) — great unhappiness
  • Belarusian: го́ра (hóra) — great unhappiness
  • Bulgarian: неща́стие (neštástie) — great unhappiness
  • Bulgarian: страда́ние (stradánie) — great unhappiness
  • Catalan: misèria — great unhappiness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 苦難 /苦难 (kǔnàn) — great unhappiness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 痛苦 (tòngkǔ) — great unhappiness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 悲慘 /悲惨 (bēicǎn) — great unhappiness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 不幸 (bùxìng) — great unhappiness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 苦痛 (kǔtòng) — great unhappiness
  • Czech: neštěstí — great unhappiness
  • Czech: bída — great unhappiness
  • Czech: hoře — great unhappiness
  • Danish: elendighed — great unhappiness
  • Dutch: ellende — great unhappiness
  • Esperanto: mizero — great unhappiness
  • Finnish: kärsimys — great unhappiness
  • Finnish: surkeus — great unhappiness
  • Finnish: kurjuus — great unhappiness
  • French: misère — great unhappiness
  • Galician: laceira — great unhappiness
  • Galician: miseria — great unhappiness
  • Georgian: უბედურება (ubedureba) — great unhappiness
  • Georgian: წვალება (c̣valeba) — great unhappiness
  • Georgian: წამება (c̣ameba) — great unhappiness
  • Georgian: ტანჯვა (ṭanǯva) — great unhappiness
  • Georgian: გასაჭირი (gasač̣iri) — great unhappiness
  • Georgian: გაჭირვება (gač̣irveba) — great unhappiness
  • German: Misere — great unhappiness
  • German: Elend — great unhappiness
  • Greek: αθλιότης (athliótis) — great unhappiness
  • Ancient Greek: πῆμα (pêma) — great unhappiness
  • Haitian Creole: mizè — great unhappiness
  • Hausa: uƙuba — great unhappiness
  • Hebrew: אומללות (umlalút) — great unhappiness
  • Hindi: दुःख (duḥkh) — great unhappiness
  • Hindi: दुर्दशा (durdaśā) — great unhappiness
  • Hungarian: nyomor — great unhappiness
  • Ido: mizero — great unhappiness
  • Irish: aimléis — great unhappiness
  • Irish: galar — great unhappiness
  • Italian: miseria — great unhappiness
  • Japanese: 悲惨 (hisan) — great unhappiness
  • Japanese: 苦痛 (kutsū) — great unhappiness
  • Japanese: 惨めさ (mijimesa) — great unhappiness
  • Ladino: mizerya — great unhappiness
  • Latin: miseria — great unhappiness
  • Luxembourgish: Misär — great unhappiness
  • Macedonian: беда (beda) — great unhappiness
  • Malayalam: ദുരിതം (duritaṁ) — great unhappiness
  • Māori: kōtonga — great unhappiness
  • Occitan: misèria — great unhappiness
  • Plautdietsch: Älent — great unhappiness
  • Plautdietsch: Jauma — great unhappiness
  • Polish: nieszczęście — great unhappiness
  • Polish: męka — great unhappiness
  • Portuguese: miséria — great unhappiness
  • Romanian: mizerie — great unhappiness
  • Russian: несча́стье (nesčástʹje) — great unhappiness
  • Russian: го́ре (góre) — great unhappiness
  • Russian: му́ка (múka) — great unhappiness
  • Russian: страда́ние (stradánije) — great unhappiness
  • Russian: беда́ (bedá) — great unhappiness
  • Sanskrit: दुःख (duḥkha) — great unhappiness
  • Serbo-Croatian: ја̏д — great unhappiness
  • Serbo-Croatian: бе́да — great unhappiness
  • Serbo-Croatian: бије́да — great unhappiness
  • Serbo-Croatian: jȁd — great unhappiness
  • Serbo-Croatian: béda — great unhappiness
  • Serbo-Croatian: bijéda — great unhappiness
  • Slovak: nešťastie — great unhappiness
  • Slovak: bieda — great unhappiness
  • Slovene: beda — great unhappiness
  • Slovene: nesreča — great unhappiness
  • Spanish: miseria — great unhappiness
  • Spanish: sinvivir — great unhappiness
  • Swedish: misär — great unhappiness
  • Swedish: elände — great unhappiness
  • Turkish: sefalet — great unhappiness
  • Turkish: sefillik — great unhappiness
  • Ottoman Turkish: شقا (şaka) — great unhappiness
  • Ukrainian: неща́стя (neščástja) — great unhappiness
  • Ukrainian: біда́ (bidá) — great unhappiness
  • Ukrainian: го́ре (hóre) — great unhappiness
  • Urdu: دکھ (dukh) — great unhappiness
  • Bulgarian: несго́да (nesgóda) — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Finnish: onnettomuus — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Finnish: kova onni — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Italian: accidente — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Malayalam: ദുരിതം (duritaṁ) — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Polish: nieszczęście — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Portuguese: miséria — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Portuguese: desgraça — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Russian: невзго́ды (nevzgódy) — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Spanish: desgracia — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Spanish: desdicha — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Spanish: infortunio — cause of misery, misfortune
  • Azerbaijani: səfalət — poverty — see also poverty
  • Belarusian: гале́ча (haljéča) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Bulgarian: нищета́ (ništetá) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Bulgarian: бе́дност (bédnost) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Finnish: kurjuus — poverty — see also poverty
  • Finnish: ahdinko — poverty — see also poverty
  • Finnish: puutteenalaisuus — poverty — see also poverty
  • Galician: laceira — poverty — see also poverty
  • Galician: miseria — poverty — see also poverty
  • Galician: mesquindade — poverty — see also poverty
  • Georgian: სიღატაკე (siɣaṭaḳe) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Georgian: სიღარიბე (siɣaribe) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Polish: bieda — poverty — see also poverty
  • Portuguese: miséria — poverty — see also poverty
  • Portuguese: indigência — poverty — see also poverty
  • Portuguese: penúria — poverty — see also poverty
  • Russian: нищета́ (niščetá) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Russian: бе́дность (bédnostʹ) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Spanish: miseria — poverty — see also poverty
  • Spanish: penuria — poverty — see also poverty
  • Spanish: indigencia — poverty — see also poverty
  • Spanish: estrechez — poverty — see also poverty
  • Spanish: egestad — poverty — see also poverty
  • Swedish: misär — poverty — see also poverty
  • Swedish: elände — poverty — see also poverty
  • Swedish: nöd — poverty — see also poverty
  • Swedish: armod — poverty — see also poverty
  • Ukrainian: зли́дні (zlýdni) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Ukrainian: бі́дність (bídnistʹ) — poverty — see also poverty
  • Ukrainian: нужда́ (nuždá) — poverty — see also poverty
Real reading context

misery in complete knowledge articles