Standard Lemma guide

murmuration

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • General-American: /ˌmɝməˈɹeɪʃən/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˌmɜːməˈɹeɪʃən/
  • rhymes with -eɪʃən

1

noun

Meaning 1

An act or instance of murmuring.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A flock of starlings, in particular when swarming in swirling patterns.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: collective, countable, uncountable

Topics: biology, natural-sciences, ornithology

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

An emergent order in a multi-agent social system.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mutter, muttering, murmur, murmuring, mussitation

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: sound

History

Etymology

1350–1400; Medieval Latin murmuratio (“murmuring, grumbling”), equivalent to murmur + -ation. The “flock of starlings” sense is probably derived from the sound of the very large groups that starlings form at dusk.

Across languages

Translations

2 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • French: murmuration — flock
  • Russian: мурмура́ция (murmurácija) — flock