Standard Lemma guide

muscle

noun · verb · 13 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • mŭʹsəl
  • /ˈmʌs.əl/
  • [ˈmʌs.l̩]
  • General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • homophone: mussel
  • rhymes with -ʌsəl
  • CMU ARPABET: M AH1 S AH0 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

Examples

  • Muscle consists largely of actin and myosin filaments.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: thew

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

An organ composed of muscle tissue.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A well-developed physique, in which the muscles are enlarged from exercise.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, plural-normally, uncountable

Examples

  • 2008, Lou Schuler, "Foreward", in Nate Green, Built for Show, page xii The fact that I was middle-aged, bald, married, and raising girls instead of chasing them didn't really bother me. Muscles are cool at any age.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

Strength, force.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

Hired strongmen or bodyguards.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To use force to make progress, especially physical force.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • He muscled his way through the crowd.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

To move forcefully or with great strength.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • She muscled through the ruins.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

possessing muscular strength

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: brawn, brawniness, muscularity, sinew, heftiness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: strength

9

noun

Meaning 9

authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: authority, authorization, authorisation, potency, dominance, say-so

10

noun

Meaning 10

animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: muscular tissue

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: animal tissue

Narrower terms: striated muscle tissue, cardiac muscle, heart muscle, smooth muscle

11

noun

Meaning 11

one of the contractile organs of the body

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: musculus

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: contractile organ, contractor

Narrower terms: skeletal muscle, striated muscle, pronator, supinator, levator, antagonistic muscle, ocular muscle, eye muscle, rectus, smooth muscle, involuntary muscle, sphincter, anatomical sphincter, sphincter muscle, tensor

12

noun

Meaning 12

a bully employed as a thug or bodyguard

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the drug lord had his muscleman to protect him

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: muscleman

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: bully, tough, hooligan, ruffian, roughneck, rowdy, yob, yobo, yobbo

13

verb

Meaning 13

make one's way by force

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • He muscled his way into the office

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: pass, go through, go across

History

Etymology

From Middle English muscle, muscule, muskylle, and in part from Middle French muscle, from Latin mūsculus (“a muscle”, literally “little mouse”) because of the mouselike appearance of some muscles, from mūs (“mouse”). Doublet of mussel. More at mouse.

Across languages

Translations

241 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: spier — contractile tissue
  • Albanian: muskul — contractile tissue
  • Southern Altai: балтыр (baltïr) — contractile tissue
  • Amharic: ጡንቻ (ṭunča) — contractile tissue
  • Arabic: عَضَلَة (ʕaḍala) — contractile tissue
  • Arabic: عضلة (ʕaḍala) — contractile tissue
  • Arabic: عَضَلة (ʕaḍala) — contractile tissue
  • Armenian: մկան (mkan) — contractile tissue
  • Aromanian: mushclju — contractile tissue
  • Assamese: পেশী (pexi) — contractile tissue
  • Asturian: músculu — contractile tissue
  • Azerbaijani: əzələ — contractile tissue
  • Bashkir: мускул (muskul) — contractile tissue
  • Basque: gihar — contractile tissue
  • Belarusian: мы́шца (mýšca) — contractile tissue
  • Belarusian: му́скул (múskul) — contractile tissue
  • Belarusian: цяглі́ца (cjahlíca) — contractile tissue
  • Bengali: পেশী (peśi) — contractile tissue
  • Bau Bidayuh: masor — contractile tissue
  • Bulgarian: му́скул (múskul) — contractile tissue
  • Burmese: ကြွက်သား (krwaksa:) — contractile tissue
  • Carpathian Rusyn: мяз (mjaz) — contractile tissue
  • Carpathian Rusyn: мускул (muskul) — contractile tissue
  • Catalan: múscul — contractile tissue
  • Cebuano: kusog — contractile tissue
  • Chechen: дилха (dilxa) — contractile tissue
  • Chinese Cantonese: 肌肉 (gei1 juk6) — contractile tissue
  • Chinese Cantonese: 筋肉 (gan1 juk6) — contractile tissue
  • Chinese: 肌肉 (ki-bah) — contractile tissue
  • Chinese: 筋肉 (kin-bah) — contractile tissue
  • Chinese Mandarin: 肌肉 (jīròu) — contractile tissue
  • Chinese Mandarin: 筋肉 (jīnròu) — contractile tissue
  • Chuvash: сенкерле (senk̬erle) — contractile tissue
  • Chuvash: мускул (muskul) — contractile tissue
  • Czech: sval — contractile tissue
  • Danish: muskel — contractile tissue
  • Dutch: spier — contractile tissue
  • Egyptian: D52:X1-T14-T14-X1:F51 (mt) — contractile tissue
  • Erzya: пукшо (pukšo) — contractile tissue
  • Esperanto: muskolo — contractile tissue
  • Estonian: lihas — contractile tissue
  • Faroese: vøddi — contractile tissue
  • Finnish: lihaskudos — contractile tissue
  • Finnish: lihas — contractile tissue
  • French: muscle — contractile tissue
  • Friulian: muscul — contractile tissue
  • Galician: músculo — contractile tissue
  • Georgian: კუნთი (ḳunti) — contractile tissue
  • German: Muskel — contractile tissue
  • Greek: μυς (mys) — contractile tissue
  • Ancient Greek: μῦς (mûs) — contractile tissue
  • Ancient Greek: ἴς (ís) — contractile tissue
  • Gujarati: સ્નાયુ (snāyu) — contractile tissue
  • Haitian Creole: misk — contractile tissue
  • Hebrew: שְׁרִיר (sh'rir) — contractile tissue
  • Hindi: पेशी (peśī) — contractile tissue
  • Hindi: मांसपेशी (mānspeśī) — contractile tissue
  • Hungarian: izom — contractile tissue
  • Icelandic: vöðvi — contractile tissue
  • Ido: muskulo — contractile tissue
  • Indonesian: otot — contractile tissue
  • Ingrian: muskula — contractile tissue
  • Irish: matán — contractile tissue
  • Italian: muscolo — contractile tissue
  • Japanese: 筋肉 (kinniku) — contractile tissue
  • Japanese: 筋 (suji) — contractile tissue
  • Javanese: otot — contractile tissue
  • Old Javanese: hotot — contractile tissue
  • Kalmyk: бульчң (bulʹçñ) — contractile tissue
  • Kannada: ಸ್ನಾಯು (snāyu) — contractile tissue
  • Kazakh: бұлшықет (būlşyqet) — contractile tissue
  • Khmer: សាច់ដុំ (sac dom) — contractile tissue
  • Korean: 근육 (geunyuk) — contractile tissue
  • Northern Kurdish: masûlke — contractile tissue
  • Northern Kurdish: ezalet — contractile tissue
  • Kyrgyz: мускул (muskul) — contractile tissue
  • Kyrgyz: булчуң (bulcuŋ) — contractile tissue
  • Kyrgyz: булчуң эт (bulcuŋ et) — contractile tissue
  • Lao: ກ້າມ (kām) — contractile tissue
  • Lao: ເນຶ້ອກ້າມ (nưa kām) — contractile tissue
  • Latin: torus — contractile tissue
  • Latin: mūsculus — contractile tissue
  • Latvian: muskulis — contractile tissue
  • Lithuanian: raumuo — contractile tissue
  • Low German: Muskel — contractile tissue
  • Macedonian: мускул (muskul) — contractile tissue
  • Malagasy: ozatra — contractile tissue
  • Malay: otot — contractile tissue
  • Malayalam: പേശി (pēśi) — contractile tissue
  • Maltese: muskolu — contractile tissue
  • Māori: ua — contractile tissue
  • Māori: uaua — contractile tissue
  • Māori: ia — contractile tissue
  • Marathi: स्नायू (snāyū) — contractile tissue
  • Mauritian Creole: misk — contractile tissue
  • Central Melanau: wat — contractile tissue
  • Middle English: muscle — contractile tissue
  • Central Sierra Miwok: pasú·ka- — contractile tissue
  • Mongolian: булчин (bulčin) — contractile tissue
  • Mongolian: хүч тамир (xüč tamir) — contractile tissue
  • Munsee: wchéht — contractile tissue
  • Navajo: adoh — contractile tissue
  • Norman: muscle — contractile tissue
  • Norwegian Bokmål: muskel — contractile tissue
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: vodve — contractile tissue
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: sege — contractile tissue
  • Occitan: muscle — contractile tissue
  • Odia: ପେଶୀ (peśi) — contractile tissue
  • Ojibwe: mashkawiziiwin — contractile tissue
  • Old English: līra — contractile tissue
  • Pashto: عضله ('azala) — contractile tissue
  • Persian: ماهیچِه (mâhiče) — contractile tissue
  • Persian: عَضُلِه ('azole) — contractile tissue
  • Persian: موشَک (mušak) — contractile tissue
  • Polabian: moiskă — contractile tissue
  • Polish: mięsień — contractile tissue
  • Polish: muskuł — contractile tissue
  • Portuguese: músculo — contractile tissue
  • Romanian: mușchi — contractile tissue
  • Romansh: muscul — contractile tissue
  • Romansh: muscal — contractile tissue
  • Russian: мы́шца (mýšca) — contractile tissue
  • Russian: му́скул (múskul) — contractile tissue
  • Samoan: maso — contractile tissue
  • Sanskrit: पेशी (peśī) — contractile tissue
  • Sanskrit: स्नायु (snāyu) — contractile tissue
  • Sardinian: musculu — contractile tissue
  • Serbo-Croatian: мѝшӣћ — contractile tissue
  • Serbo-Croatian: mìšīć — contractile tissue
  • Slovak: sval — contractile tissue
  • Slovene: mišica — contractile tissue
  • Spanish: músculo — contractile tissue
  • Sundanese: otot — contractile tissue
  • Swahili: msuli — contractile tissue
  • Swedish: muskel — contractile tissue
  • Tagalog: masel — contractile tissue
  • Tagalog: kalamnan — contractile tissue
  • Tajik: мушак (mušak) — contractile tissue
  • Tajik: моҳича (mohiča) — contractile tissue
  • Tajik: азала (azala) — contractile tissue
  • Tamil: தசை (tacai) — contractile tissue
  • Tatar: мускул (musqul) — contractile tissue
  • Telugu: కండరం (kaṇḍaraṁ) — contractile tissue
  • Tetum: uat — contractile tissue
  • Tetum: múskulu — contractile tissue
  • Thai: กล้ามเนื้อ (glâam-nʉ́ʉa) — contractile tissue
  • Thai: กล้าม (glâam) — contractile tissue
  • Tibetan: ཤ་ཤེད — contractile tissue
  • Tigrinya: ጭዋዳ (č̣əwada) — contractile tissue
  • Tocharian B: passoñ — contractile tissue
  • Tongan: uoua — contractile tissue
  • Turkish: kas — contractile tissue
  • Turkish: adale — contractile tissue
  • Turkmen: muskul — contractile tissue
  • Ukrainian: м'яз (mʺjaz) — contractile tissue
  • Ukrainian: му́скул (múskul) — contractile tissue
  • Urdu: عَضْلَہ ('azla) — contractile tissue
  • Uyghur: مۇسكۇل (muskul) — contractile tissue
  • Uzbek: mushak — contractile tissue
  • Uzbek: muskul — contractile tissue
  • Uzbek: et — contractile tissue
  • Vietnamese: cơ — contractile tissue
  • Vietnamese: bắp thịt — contractile tissue
  • Vietnamese: cơ bắp — contractile tissue
  • Volapük: muskul — contractile tissue
  • Walloon: musse — contractile tissue
  • Welsh: cyhyr — contractile tissue
  • Yakut: былчыҥ (bïlčïŋ) — contractile tissue
  • Yiddish: מוסקל (muskl) — contractile tissue
  • Yoruba: iṣan — contractile tissue
  • Arabic: عَضَلَة (ʕaḍala) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Arabic: عضلة (ʕaḍala) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Armenian: մկան (mkan) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Asturian: músculu — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Bulgarian: мускул (muskul) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Chinese Mandarin: 肌肉 (jīròu) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Chinese Mandarin: 筋肉 (jīnròu) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Dutch: spier — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Finnish: lihas — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Galician: músculo — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • German: Muskel — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Greek: μυς (mys) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Gujarati: સ્નાયુ (snāyu) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Hindi: मांसपेशी (mānspeśī) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Hungarian: izom — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Icelandic: vöðvi — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Ingrian: muskula — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Irish: matán — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Japanese: 筋肉 (kinniku) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Kalmyk: бульчң (bulʹçñ) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Latin: musculus — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Latvian: muskulis — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Malay: otot — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Maltese: muskolu — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Polish: mięśnie — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Portuguese: músculo — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Romanian: mușchi — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Russian: мы́шца (mýšca) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Russian: му́скул (múskul) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Samoan: maso — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Serbo-Croatian: мѝшӣћ — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Serbo-Croatian: mìšīć — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Slovene: mišica — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Spanish: músculo — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Spanish: murecillo — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Swahili: msuli — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Swedish: muskel — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Telugu: కండ (kaṇḍa) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Tetum: uat — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Tetum: múskulu — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Tocharian B: passoñ — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Tongan: uoua — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Walloon: musse — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Walloon: tchå — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Walloon: nier (unformally) — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Welsh: cyhyryn — organ composed of muscle tissue
  • Finnish: lihas — well-developed physique
  • Polish: muskulatura — well-developed physique
  • Portuguese: musculatura — well-developed physique
  • Russian: мускулату́ра (muskulatúra) — well-developed physique
  • Ukrainian: мускулату́ра (muskulatúra) — well-developed physique
  • Arabic: قُوَّة (quwwa) — strength, force
  • Chinese Mandarin: 力量 (lìliàng) — strength, force
  • Finnish: voima — strength, force
  • Finnish: muskeli — strength, force
  • French: muscle — strength, force
  • Greek: ρώμη (rómi) — strength, force
  • Greek: δύναμη (dýnami) — strength, force
  • Icelandic: styrkur — strength, force
  • Latvian: spēks — strength, force
  • Norman: muscle — strength, force
  • Portuguese: músculo — strength, force
  • Portuguese: força — strength, force
  • Russian: му́скул (múskul) — strength, force
  • Russian: си́ла (síla) — strength, force
  • Serbo-Croatian: мѝшӣћ — strength, force
  • Serbo-Croatian: mìšīć — strength, force
  • Telugu: కండబలం (kaṇḍabalaṁ) — strength, force
  • Bulgarian: пробивам си път (probivam si pǎt) — use force to make progress
  • Portuguese: forçar — use force to make progress
  • Swahili: msuli — use force to make progress
Real reading context

muscle in complete knowledge articles