Alternative Spelling guide

-n

suffix · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

This record is a supporting form or spelling variant of -en. Use the canonical entry for the main definition and word-family path.

Sound

Pronunciation

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1

suffix

Meaning 1

Alternative form of -en.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: alt-of, alternative, morpheme

Examples

  • silver + -n → silvern

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

suffix

Meaning 2

Alternative form of -an, adjective or noun suffix meaning "of or pertaining to", used with words which already end in a.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: alt-of, alternative, morpheme

Examples

  • India + -n → Indian
  • Cuba + -n → Cuban
  • Java + -n → Javan
  • Burma + -n → Burman
  • Minnesota + -n → Minnesotan
  • Russia + -n → Russian

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

suffix

Meaning 3

Alternative form of -en (past participle ending).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: alt-of, alternative, morpheme

Examples

  • grow + -n → grown
  • show + -n → shown
  • slow + -n → slown

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From Middle English -n, from Old English -n, rare alternative form of Old English -en (“-en”). More at -en.

From Middle English -n, -en, from Old English -n, -en and Old Norse -inn, both from Proto-Germanic *-anaz, *-inaz, past participle ending of strong verbs. Cognate with Dutch -en, German -en, Swedish -en, Icelandic -inn.