Standard Lemma guide

nilpotent

adj · noun · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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  • /nɪlˈpəʊtənt/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Such that, for some positive integer n, xn = 0.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Qualifier: ring theory

Topics: algebra, mathematics, sciences

Examples

  • If a square matrix is upper triangular and has zeros on the diagonal, then it is nilpotent (under the usual matrix multiplication).

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

adj

Meaning 2

In any of several technical senses: behaving analogously to nilpotent ring elements as an element of some other algebraic structure; composed of elements displaying such behavior.

Belonging to the derived algebra of L and such that the adjoint action of x is nilpotent (as a linear transformation on L).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Qualifier: Lie theory

Topics: algebra, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adj

Meaning 3

In any of several technical senses: behaving analogously to nilpotent ring elements as an element of some other algebraic structure; composed of elements displaying such behavior.

Such that the lower central series terminates.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Qualifier: Lie theory

Topics: algebra, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

adj

Meaning 4

In any of several technical senses: behaving analogously to nilpotent ring elements as an element of some other algebraic structure; composed of elements displaying such behavior.

Admitting a central series of finite length.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Topics: algebra, group-theory, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

adj

Meaning 5

In any of several technical senses: behaving analogously to nilpotent ring elements as an element of some other algebraic structure; composed of elements displaying such behavior.

Such that there exists a natural number k with Ik = 0.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Qualifier: ring theory

Topics: algebra, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

adj

Meaning 6

In any of several technical senses: behaving analogously to nilpotent ring elements as an element of some other algebraic structure; composed of elements displaying such behavior.

Containing only nilpotent elements.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Qualifier: semigroup theory

Topics: algebra, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

adj

Meaning 7

In any of several technical senses: behaving analogously to nilpotent ring elements as an element of some other algebraic structure; composed of elements displaying such behavior.

Such that there exists some natural number n (called the index of the algebra) such that all products (of elements in the given algebra) of length n are zero.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Topics: algebra, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

A nilpotent element.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: algebra, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

adjective

Meaning 9

equal to zero when raised to a certain power

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From nil (“not any”) + potent (“having power”) with literal meaning “having zero power” - bearing Latin roots nil and potens. Coined in 1870, along with idempotent, by American mathematician Benjamin Peirce to describe elements of associative algebras.

Across languages

Translations

8 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Czech: nilpotentní — (algebra)
  • Danish: nilpotent — (algebra)
  • Esperanto: nilpotenta — (algebra)
  • Esperanto: nulpotenca — (algebra)
  • Finnish: nilpotentti — (algebra)
  • French: nilpotent — (algebra)
  • Russian: нильпотент (nilʹpotent) — (algebra)
  • Spanish: nilpotente — (algebra)