Standard Lemma guide

nitrile

noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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  • /ˈnaɪtɹaɪl/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Any of a class of organic compounds containing a cyano functional group −C≡N; they are named as derivatives of the appropriate carboxylic acid.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, organic-chemistry, physical-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A type of synthetic rubber formed by the copolymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene: nitrile rubber.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

any of a class of organic compounds containing the cyano radical -CN

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: nitril, cyanide

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: organic compound

Narrower terms: propenonitrile, acrylonitrile, vinyl cyanide

History

Etymology

Derived from benzonitrile which contains the −C≡N group. Benzonitrile was discovered and named by Hermann Fehling in 1844.

Across languages

Translations

16 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Catalan: nitril — class of organic compounds
  • Chinese Cantonese: 腈 (cing1) — class of organic compounds
  • Chinese Mandarin: 腈 (jīng) — class of organic compounds
  • Finnish: nitriili — class of organic compounds
  • French: nitrile — class of organic compounds
  • German: Nitril — class of organic compounds
  • Hungarian: nitril — class of organic compounds
  • Irish: nítríl — class of organic compounds
  • Italian: nitrile — class of organic compounds
  • Japanese: ニトリル (nitoriru) — class of organic compounds
  • Korean: 니트릴 (niteuril) — class of organic compounds
  • Polish: nitryl — class of organic compounds
  • Portuguese: nitrila — class of organic compounds
  • Portuguese: nitrilo — class of organic compounds
  • Russian: нитри́л (nitríl) — class of organic compounds
  • Spanish: nitrilo — class of organic compounds