adj · noun · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
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Received-Pronunciation:/nɒkˈtɜː.nəl/
Atlantic-Canada, General-American:/nɑkˈtɝ.nəl/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
New-Jersey:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
Canada, dialectal:/nɒkˈtɝ.nəl/of the US
Australian:/nɔkˈtɜː.nəl/
New-Zealand:[nɔ̟kˈtøː.nəl]
rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)nəl
CMU ARPABET:N AA0 K T ER1 N AH0 L
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
adj
Meaning 1
Primarily active during the night.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Qualifier: creature; group; or species; creature; group; or species
Examples
nocturnal birds
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
adj
Meaning 2
Taking place at night, nightly.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
a suspicious nocturnal outing
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
noun
Meaning 3
A person or creature that is active at night.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
4
noun
Meaning 4
A device for telling the time at night, rather like a sundial but read according to the stars.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: historical
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: star clock
Antonyms: none provided
5
adjective
Meaning 5
belonging to or active during the night
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
nocturnal animals are active at night
nocturnal plants have flowers that open at night and close by day
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: diurnal
6
adjective
Meaning 6
of or relating to or occurring in the night
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
nocturnal darkness
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
History
Etymology
From Middle French nocturnal, from Latin nocturnālis (“nocturnal”), from Latin nocturnus (“nocturnal”), from Latin nox (“night”), from Proto-Indo-European *nókwts (“night”). Cognates include Ancient Greek νύξ (núx), Sanskrit नक्ति (nákti), Old English niht (English night) and Proto-Slavic *noťь.
Across languages
Translations
98 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Amharic:
የሌሊት
(yälelit)
— primarily active during the night
Armenian:
գիշերային
(gišerayin)
— primarily active during the night
Belarusian:
начны́
(načný)
— primarily active during the night
Bulgarian:
но́щен
(nóšten)
— primarily active during the night
Catalan:
nocturn
— primarily active during the night
Chinese Mandarin:
夜的
(yè de)
— primarily active during the night
Chinese Mandarin:
晝伏夜出 /昼伏夜出
(zhòufúyèchū)
— primarily active during the night
Czech:
noční
— primarily active during the night
Dutch:
nachtelijk
— primarily active during the night
Dutch:
nacht-
— primarily active during the night
Dutch:
nachtactief
— primarily active during the night
Esperanto:
nokta
— primarily active during the night
Finnish:
yö-
— primarily active during the night
Finnish:
yöllinen
— primarily active during the night
Finnish:
öinen
— primarily active during the night
Finnish:
nokturnaalinen
— primarily active during the night
French:
nocturne
— primarily active during the night
West-Frisian:
nachtlik
— primarily active during the night
West-Frisian:
nacht-
— primarily active during the night
Galician:
nocturno
— primarily active during the night
Georgian:
ღამის
(ɣamis)
— primarily active during the night
Georgian:
მეღამური
(meɣamuri)
— primarily active during the night
German:
nachtaktiv
— primarily active during the night
Greek:
νυκτόβιος
(nyktóvios)
— primarily active during the night
Ancient Greek:
νυκτερινός
(nukterinós)
— primarily active during the night
Hindi:
निशाचर
(niśācar)
— primarily active during the night
Hindi:
रजनीचर
(rajnīcar)
— primarily active during the night
Hungarian:
éjjeli
— primarily active during the night
Ido:
noktala
— primarily active during the night
Interlingua:
nocturne
— primarily active during the night
Italian:
notturno
— primarily active during the night
Japanese:
夜行
— primarily active during the night
Japanese:
夜行性
(yakōsei)
— primarily active during the night
Korean:
야행
(yahaeng)
— primarily active during the night
Korean:
야행성
(yahaengseong)
— primarily active during the night
Latvian:
naksnīgs
— primarily active during the night
Māori:
ohopō
— primarily active during the night
Māori:
moeao
— primarily active during the night
Old English:
nihtlīċ
— primarily active during the night
Persian:
شبانه
(šabâne)
— primarily active during the night
Piedmontese:
noturn
— primarily active during the night
Polish:
nocny
— primarily active during the night
Portuguese:
noturno
— primarily active during the night
Russian:
ночно́й
(nočnój)
— primarily active during the night
Spanish:
nocturno
— primarily active during the night
Spanish:
noctámbulo
— primarily active during the night
Spanish:
trasnochador
— primarily active during the night
Spanish:
noctívago
— primarily active during the night
Spanish:
nocherniego
— primarily active during the night
Spanish:
nocheriego
— primarily active during the night
Spanish:
nochero
— primarily active during the night
Swedish:
natt-
— primarily active during the night
Swedish:
nattaktiv
— primarily active during the night
Swedish:
aktiv om natten
— primarily active during the night
Turkish:
gececil
— primarily active during the night
Turkish:
noktürnâl
— primarily active during the night
Ukrainian:
нічни́й
(ničnýj)
— primarily active during the night
Amharic:
የሌሊት
(yälelit)
— taking place at night
Arabic:
لَيْلِيّ
(layliyy)
— taking place at night
Belarusian:
начны́
(načný)
— taking place at night
Bulgarian:
но́щен
(nóšten)
— taking place at night
Catalan:
nocturn
— taking place at night
Chinese Mandarin:
夜間的 /夜间的
(yèjiān de)
— taking place at night
Czech:
noční
— taking place at night
Dutch:
nachtelijk
— taking place at night
Esperanto:
nokta
— taking place at night
French:
nocturne
— taking place at night
Georgian:
ღამეული
(ɣameuli)
— taking place at night
German:
nächtlich
— taking place at night
Greek:
νυχτερινός
(nychterinós)
— taking place at night
Greek:
νυχτιάτικος
(nychtiátikos)
— taking place at night
Ancient Greek:
νυκτερινός
(nukterinós)
— taking place at night
Hindi:
रात्रिक
(rātrik)
— taking place at night
Hungarian:
éjjeli
— taking place at night
Interlingua:
nocturne
— taking place at night
Japanese:
夜の
(yoru no)
— taking place at night
Japanese:
夜間の
(yakan no)
— taking place at night
Korean:
밤의
(bamui)
— taking place at night
Korean:
야간의
(yaganui)
— taking place at night
Latvian:
naksnīgs
— taking place at night
Macedonian:
ноќен
(noḱen)
— taking place at night
Māori:
tūāpō
— taking place at night
Persian:
شبانه
(šabâne)
— taking place at night
Polish:
nocny
— taking place at night
Russian:
ночно́й
(nočnój)
— taking place at night
Serbo-Croatian:
но̀ћнӣ
— taking place at night
Serbo-Croatian:
nòćnī
— taking place at night
Slovak:
nočný
— taking place at night
Slovene:
nočen
— taking place at night
Spanish:
nocturno
— taking place at night
Spanish:
nochero
— taking place at night
Spanish:
nocherniego
— taking place at night
Spanish:
nocheriego
— taking place at night
Swedish:
nattlig
— taking place at night
Tajik:
шабона
(šabona)
— taking place at night
Turkish:
geceleyin olan
— taking place at night
Turkish:
geceye ait
— taking place at night
Ukrainian:
нічни́й
(ničnýj)
— taking place at night