Standard Lemma guide

outlaw

name · noun · verb · 15 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • UK: /ˈaʊt.lɔː/
  • rhymes with -aʊtlɔː
  • US: /ˈaʊt.lɔ/
  • cot-caught-merger: /ˈaʊt.lɑ/
  • Australian: /ˈæɔt.loː/
  • Australia: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: AW1 T L AO2 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

A surname transferred from the nickname.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A fugitive from the law.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A criminal who is excluded from normal legal rights; one who can be killed at will without legal penalty.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: history, human-sciences, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A person who operates outside established norms.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • The main character in the play was a bit of an outlaw who refused to shake hands or say thank you.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

A wild or violent animal, such as a horse.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

An in-law: a relative by marriage.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: humorous

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

One who would be an in-law except that the marriage-like relationship is unofficial.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: humorous

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

A prostitute who works alone, without a pimp.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: slang

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

verb

Meaning 9

To declare illegal.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

verb

Meaning 10

To place a ban upon.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

verb

Meaning 11

To make or declare (a person) an outlaw.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

12

verb

Meaning 12

To remove from legal jurisdiction or enforcement.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • to outlaw a debt or claim

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

13

verb

Meaning 13

To deprive of legal force.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

14

noun

Meaning 14

someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: criminal, felon, crook, malefactor

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: principal

Narrower terms: accessory, accessary, arsonist, incendiary, firebug, blackmailer, extortioner, extortionist, bootlegger, moonshiner, briber, suborner, conspirator, coconspirator, plotter, machinator, desperado, desperate criminal, fugitive, fugitive from justice, gangster, mobster, highbinder, highjacker, hijacker, hood, hoodlum, goon, punk, thug, tough, toughie, strong-armer, jail bird, jailbird, gaolbird, kidnapper, kidnaper, abductor, snatcher, mafioso, moll, gun moll, gangster's moll, murderer, liquidator, manslayer, probationer, parolee, pusher, drug peddler, peddler, drug dealer, drug trafficker, racketeer, raper, rapist, recidivist, repeater, habitual criminal, scofflaw, smuggler, runner, contrabandist, moon curser, moon-curser, thief, stealer, traitor, treasonist, violator, lawbreaker, law offender, Bonney, William H. Bonney, Billie the Kid, James, Jesse James, MacGregor, Robert MacGregor, Rob Roy

15

verb

Meaning 15

declare illegal; outlaw

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Marijuana is criminalized in the U.S.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: criminalize, criminalise, illegalize, illegalise

Antonyms: legalize

Broader terms: forbid, prohibit, interdict, proscribe, veto, disallow, nix

Narrower terms: ban, censor

History

Etymology

From outlaw, a nickname for someone who no longer had the protection of the law.

From Middle English outlawe, outlagh, utlaȝe, from Old English ūtlaga (“outlaw”), borrowed from Old Norse útlagi (“outlaw, fugitive”), equivalent to out- + law. Cognate with Icelandic útlagi (“outlaw”).

Across languages

Translations

85 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: беглец (beglec) — a fugitive from the law
  • Chinese Mandarin: 逃犯 (táofàn) — a fugitive from the law
  • Chinese Mandarin: 亡命徒 (wángmìngtú) — a fugitive from the law
  • Danish: fredløs — a fugitive from the law
  • Dutch: vogelvrije — a fugitive from the law
  • Esperanto: eksterleĝulo — a fugitive from the law
  • Esperanto: eksterleĝulino — a fugitive from the law
  • Estonian: lindprii — a fugitive from the law
  • Finnish: lainsuojaton — a fugitive from the law
  • French: hors-la-loi — a fugitive from the law
  • Galician: gallofo — a fugitive from the law
  • Galician: foraxido — a fugitive from the law
  • German: Verfemter — a fugitive from the law
  • German: Outlaw — a fugitive from the law
  • German: Gesetzloser — a fugitive from the law
  • Greek: παράνομος (paránomos) — a fugitive from the law
  • Greek: φυγάς (fygás) — a fugitive from the law
  • Ancient Greek: παράνομος (paránomos) — a fugitive from the law
  • Ancient Greek: φυγάς (phugás) — a fugitive from the law
  • Hungarian: törvényen kívüli — a fugitive from the law
  • Icelandic: útlagi — a fugitive from the law
  • Icelandic: útilegumaður — a fugitive from the law
  • Italian: fuorilegge — a fugitive from the law
  • Japanese: 逃亡者 (tōbōsha) — a fugitive from the law
  • Japanese: 逃亡犯 (tōbōhan) — a fugitive from the law
  • Japanese: 逃走者 (tōsōsha) — a fugitive from the law
  • Japanese: 逃走犯 (tōsōhan) — a fugitive from the law
  • Latin: proscriptus — a fugitive from the law
  • Macedonian: бе́галец (bégalec) — a fugitive from the law
  • Macedonian: одметник (odmetnik) — a fugitive from the law
  • Māori: tangata hara — a fugitive from the law
  • Norman: proscrit — a fugitive from the law
  • Old English: ūtlaga — a fugitive from the law
  • Portuguese: fora de lei — a fugitive from the law
  • Portuguese: fora da lei — a fugitive from the law
  • Portuguese: foragido — a fugitive from the law
  • Romanian: fugar — a fugitive from the law
  • Russian: престу́пник (prestúpnik) — a fugitive from the law
  • Russian: престу́пница (prestúpnica) — a fugitive from the law
  • Russian: разбо́йник (razbójnik) — a fugitive from the law
  • Russian: разбо́йница (razbójnica) — a fugitive from the law
  • Serbo-Croatian: razbojnik — a fugitive from the law
  • Serbo-Croatian: odmetnik — a fugitive from the law
  • Serbo-Croatian: izopćenik — a fugitive from the law
  • Spanish: forajido — a fugitive from the law
  • Swedish: bandit — a fugitive from the law
  • Tagalog: taunlabas — a fugitive from the law
  • Welsh: gŵr deol — a fugitive from the law
  • Danish: fredløs — person without legal rights
  • Dutch: vogelvrije — person without legal rights
  • Finnish: lainsuojaton — person without legal rights
  • German: Ächtung — person without legal rights
  • Middle English: outlawe — person without legal rights
  • Romanian: persoană fără de lege — person without legal rights
  • Russian: изго́й (izgój) — person without legal rights
  • Russian: изгна́нник (izgnánnik) — person without legal rights
  • Russian: изгна́нница (izgnánnica) — person without legal rights
  • Russian: отве́рженный (otvéržennyj) — person without legal rights
  • Russian: отве́рженная (otvéržennaja) — person without legal rights
  • Spanish: proscripto — person without legal rights
  • Spanish: proscrito — person without legal rights
  • Swedish: fredlös — person without legal rights
  • Bulgarian: мустанг (mustang) — wild horse
  • Chinese Mandarin: 野馬 /野马 (yěmǎ) — wild horse
  • Finnish: villihevonen — wild horse
  • Greek: αγριάλογο (agriálogo) — wild horse
  • Macedonian: му́станг (mústang) — wild horse
  • Russian: ди́кая ло́шадь (díkaja lóšadʹ) — wild horse
  • Bulgarian: обявявам извън закона (objavjavam izvǎn zakona) — to declare illegal
  • Chinese Mandarin: 宣告非法 (xuāngào fēifǎ) — to declare illegal
  • Danish: kriminalisere — to declare illegal
  • Finnish: julistaa laittomaksi — to declare illegal
  • Finnish: kieltää — to declare illegal
  • German: ächten — to declare illegal
  • Icelandic: útlægja — to declare illegal
  • Old English: ūtlagian — to declare illegal
  • Russian: объявля́ть вне зако́на (obʺjavljátʹ vne zakóna) — to declare illegal
  • Spanish: ilegalizar — to declare illegal
  • Swedish: kriminalisera — to declare illegal
  • Bulgarian: острахирам (ostrahiram) — to place a ban on
  • Danish: banlyse — to place a ban on
  • German: verbannen — to place a ban on
  • Icelandic: útlægja — to place a ban on
  • Old English: ūtlagian — to place a ban on
  • Swedish: bannlysa — to place a ban on
Real reading context

outlaw in complete knowledge articles