Standard Lemma guide

paraph

noun · verb · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • UK: /ˈpaɹəf/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • US: /ˈpɛrəf/
  • US: /pəˈræf/

1

noun

Meaning 1

A flourish made after or below one's signature, originally to prevent forgery.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: flourish

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A mark used by medieval rubricators to indicate textual division.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To add a paraph to; to sign, especially with one's initials.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

a flourish added after or under your signature (originally to protect against forgery)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: flourish

History

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English paraf, from Medieval Latin paraffus or its etymon Middle French paraphe, paraffe, shortening of paragraphe, from Ancient Greek παράγραφος (parágraphos).

Across languages

Translations

9 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: завъртулка (zavǎrtulka) — flourish after signature
  • Esperanto: parafo — flourish after signature
  • French: paraphe — flourish after signature
  • German: Paraphe — flourish after signature
  • Italian: parafa — flourish after signature
  • Italian: paraffo — flourish after signature
  • Italian: paraffa — flourish after signature
  • Russian: пара́ф (paráf) — flourish after signature
  • Russian: ро́счерк (rósčerk) — flourish after signature