past

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• Received-Pronunciation: päst
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• Received-Pronunciation: /pɑːst/
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• Canada, Northern-England, Scotland: /past/
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• UK: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• US: păst
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• US: /pæst/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• homophone: passed
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• rhymes with -æst
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• rhymes with -ɑːst
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• CMU ARPABET: P AE1 S T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English passed, past participle of passen (“to pass, to go by”), whence Modern English pass.

407 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Arabic: مَاضٍ (māḍin) — having already happened; in the past
• Armenian: անցյալ (ancʻyal) — having already happened; in the past
• Bashkir: үткән (ütkən) — having already happened; in the past
• Belarusian: міну́лы (minúly) — having already happened; in the past
• Bulgarian: ми́нал (mínal) — having already happened; in the past
• Catalan: passat — having already happened; in the past
• Czech: minulý — having already happened; in the past
• Dutch: voorbij — having already happened; in the past
• Dutch: voorbije — having already happened; in the past
• Dutch: afgelopen — having already happened; in the past
• Finnish: mennyt — having already happened; in the past
• French: passé — having already happened; in the past
• Galician: pasado — having already happened; in the past
• German: vergangen — having already happened; in the past
• Gothic: 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (inwisands) — having already happened; in the past
• Greek: περασμένος (perasménos) — having already happened; in the past
• Greek: παρελθών (parelthón) — having already happened; in the past
• Greek: πρότερος (próteros) — having already happened; in the past
• Greek: πρωτύτερος (protýteros) — having already happened; in the past
• Greek: τα περασμένα (ta perasména) — having already happened; in the past
• Ancient Greek: παρελθών (parelthṓn) — having already happened; in the past
• Hungarian: korábbi — having already happened; in the past
• Hungarian: egykori — having already happened; in the past
• Hungarian: előző — having already happened; in the past
• Hungarian: régebbi — having already happened; in the past
• Ido: pasinta — having already happened; in the past
• Irish: caite — having already happened; in the past
• Italian: passato — having already happened; in the past
• Korean: 지나다 (jinada) — having already happened; in the past
• Korean: 지나가다 (jinagada) — having already happened; in the past
• Latin: praeteritus — having already happened; in the past
• Latvian: pagājis — having already happened; in the past
• Macedonian: изминат (izminat) — having already happened; in the past
• Macedonian: минат (minat) — having already happened; in the past
• Maltese: passat — having already happened; in the past
• Norman: pâssé — having already happened; in the past
• Occitan: passat — having already happened; in the past
• Old English: forþġewiten — having already happened; in the past
• Polish: przeszły — having already happened; in the past
• Polish: ubiegły — having already happened; in the past
• Polish: miniony — having already happened; in the past
• Portuguese: passado — having already happened; in the past
• Romanian: trecut — having already happened; in the past
• Russian: про́шлый (próšlyj) — having already happened; in the past
• Russian: мину́вший (minúvšij) — having already happened; in the past
• Russian: уше́дший (ušédšij) — having already happened; in the past
• Russian: проше́дший (prošédšij) — having already happened; in the past
• Serbo-Croatian: прошли — having already happened; in the past
• Serbo-Croatian: prošli — having already happened; in the past
• Slovak: minulý — having already happened; in the past
• Slovene: minuli — having already happened; in the past
• Spanish: pasado — having already happened; in the past
• Sundanese: harita — having already happened; in the past
• Swedish: förgången — having already happened; in the past
• Swedish: förfluten — having already happened; in the past
• Telugu: పూర్వపు (pūrvapu) — having already happened; in the past
• Telugu: జరిగింది (jarigindi) — having already happened; in the past
• Tocharian B: atit — having already happened; in the past
• Turkish: geçmiş — having already happened; in the past
• Ukrainian: мину́лий (mynúlyj) — having already happened; in the past
• Armenian: անցյալ (ancʻyal) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Bulgarian: изминал (izminal) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Czech: minulý — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Dutch: voorbij — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Dutch: voorbije — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Finnish: viime — of a period of time: having just gone by
• French: dernier — of a period of time: having just gone by
• French: passé — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Galician: pasado — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Greek: περασμένος (perasménos) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Greek: παρελθών (parelthón) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Greek: πρώην (próin) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Greek: τέως (téos) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Greek: πρότερος (próteros) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Greek: πρωτύτερος (protýteros) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Hungarian: elmúlt — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Hungarian: múlt — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Hungarian: előző — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Korean: 이전(以前)의 (ijeon-ui) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Portuguese: passado — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Russian: уше́дший (ušédšij) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Russian: проше́дший (prošédšij) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Serbo-Croatian: прошли — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Serbo-Croatian: prošli — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Sundanese: harita — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Telugu: గత (gata) — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Turkish: geçen — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Turkish: geçtiğimiz — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Turkish: önceki — of a period of time: having just gone by
• Czech: minulý — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Dutch: voorbij — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Dutch: voorbije — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Dutch: verleden — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Finnish: mennyt — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• French: passé — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Galician: pasado — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Greek: παρελθοντικός (parelthontikós) — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Hungarian: múlt — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Irish: caite — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Italian: passato — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Korean: 과거(過去)의 (gwageo-ui) — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Norman: pâssé — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Old English: forþġewiten — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Portuguese: passado — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Portuguese: pretérito — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Romanian: (de/despre) trecut — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Russian: про́шлый (próšlyj) — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Serbo-Croatian: прошли — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Serbo-Croatian: prošli — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Telugu: గతకాలం (gatakālaṁ) — grammar: expressing action that has already happened
• Bulgarian: покрай (pokraj) — in a direction that passes
• Catalan: més enllà — in a direction that passes
• Chinese Mandarin: 经过 (jīngguò) — in a direction that passes
• Dutch: voorbij — in a direction that passes
• Esperanto: preter — in a direction that passes
• Finnish: ohi — in a direction that passes
• French: devant — in a direction that passes
• German: vorbei — in a direction that passes
• Greek: επέκεινα (epékeina) — in a direction that passes
• Greek: πέρα (péra) — in a direction that passes
• Hungarian: mellette...el — in a direction that passes
• Irish: thar bráid — in a direction that passes
• Italian: davanti — in a direction that passes
• Latin: praeter — in a direction that passes
• Portuguese: por (aqui) — in a direction that passes
• Russian: ми́мо (mímo) — in a direction that passes
• Scottish Gaelic: seachad — in a direction that passes
• Spanish: por — in a direction that passes
• Spanish: por delante — in a direction that passes
• Telugu: పోయింది (pōyindi) — in a direction that passes
• Ukrainian: повз (povz) — in a direction that passes
• Welsh: heibio — in a direction that passes
• Afrikaans: verlede — period of time that has already happened
• Albanian: shkuar — period of time that has already happened
• Southern Altai: ӧткӧн ӧй (ötkön öy) — period of time that has already happened
• Amharic: ጥንት (ṭənt) — period of time that has already happened
• Arabic: مَاضٍ (māḍin) — period of time that has already happened
• Arabic: الْمَاضِي (al-māḍī) — period of time that has already happened
• Arabic: ماضي (māḍi) — period of time that has already happened
• Armenian: անցյալ (ancʻyal) — period of time that has already happened
• Azerbaijani: keçmiş — period of time that has already happened
• Bashkir: үткән (ütkən) — period of time that has already happened
• Belarusian: міну́лае (minúlaje) — period of time that has already happened
• Bengali: অতীত (otit) — period of time that has already happened
• Bulgarian: ми́нало (mínalo) — period of time that has already happened
• Burmese: ရှေး (hre:) — period of time that has already happened
• Burmese: အထက် (a.htak) — period of time that has already happened
• Burmese: အတိတ် (a.tit) — period of time that has already happened
• Catalan: passat — period of time that has already happened
• Cebuano: kagahapon — period of time that has already happened
• Chinese Cantonese: 過去 /过去 (gwo3 heoi3) — period of time that has already happened
• Chinese: гуәчи (guəqi) — period of time that has already happened
• Eastern Min Chinese: 過去 /过去 (guó-kó̤) — period of time that has already happened
• Chinese: 過去 /过去 (kè-khì / kòe-khì / kè-khù) — period of time that has already happened
• Chinese Mandarin: 過去 /过去 (guòqu) — period of time that has already happened
• Wu Chinese: 過去 /过去 (5ku-chi; 5ku-chiu) — period of time that has already happened
• Czech: minulost — period of time that has already happened
• Danish: fortid — period of time that has already happened
• Dutch: verleden — period of time that has already happened
• Dutch: voorbije — period of time that has already happened
• Dutch: vervlogene — period of time that has already happened
• Esperanto: pasinteco — period of time that has already happened
• Esperanto: estinteco — period of time that has already happened
• Estonian: minevik — period of time that has already happened
• Faroese: fortíð — period of time that has already happened
• Finnish: menneisyys — period of time that has already happened
• Finnish: mennyt — period of time that has already happened
• French: passé — period of time that has already happened
• Galician: pasado — period of time that has already happened
• Georgian: წარსულში (c̣arsulši) — period of time that has already happened
• German: Vergangenheit — period of time that has already happened
• Greek: παρελθόν (parelthón) — period of time that has already happened
• Ancient Greek: παρελθόν (parelthón) — period of time that has already happened
• Hebrew: עָבָר (avár) — period of time that has already happened
• Hiligaynon: kinaradto — period of time that has already happened
• Hindi: अतीत (atīt) — period of time that has already happened
• Hindi: माज़ी (māzī) — period of time that has already happened
• Hindi: गुज़श्ता (guzašta) — period of time that has already happened
• Hungarian: múlt — period of time that has already happened
• Icelandic: fortíð — period of time that has already happened
• Ido: pasinto — period of time that has already happened
• Indonesian: masa lalu — period of time that has already happened
• Interlingua: passato — period of time that has already happened
• Irish: scéal — period of time that has already happened
• Irish: stair — period of time that has already happened
• Irish: an t-am atá thart — period of time that has already happened
• Irish: an t-am atá caite — period of time that has already happened
• Italian: passato — period of time that has already happened
• Japanese: 過去 (kako) — period of time that has already happened
• Kapampangan: milabas — period of time that has already happened
• Kazakh: өткен (ötken) — period of time that has already happened
• Khmer: អតីតកាល (ʼaʼtəytaʼkaal) — period of time that has already happened
• Korean: 과거 (gwageo) — period of time that has already happened
• Central Kurdish: ڕابووردوو (rabûrdû) — period of time that has already happened
• Northern Kurdish: borî — period of time that has already happened
• Northern Kurdish: raborî — period of time that has already happened
• Kyrgyz: өткөн (ötkön) — period of time that has already happened
• Lao: ອາດີດ (ʼā dīt) — period of time that has already happened
• Latin: praeteritum — period of time that has already happened
• Latvian: pagātne — period of time that has already happened
• Lithuanian: praeitis — period of time that has already happened
• Macedonian: минато (minato) — period of time that has already happened
• Malay: masa lalu — period of time that has already happened
• Maltese: passat — period of time that has already happened
• Maltese: passata — period of time that has already happened
• Manchu: ᠰᡝᡳᠪᡝᠨᡳ (seibeni) — period of time that has already happened
• Māori: mua — period of time that has already happened
• Māori: whakapata — period of time that has already happened
• Māori: tuauri — period of time that has already happened
• Mongolian: өнгөрсөн цаг (öngörsön cag) — period of time that has already happened
• Mongolian: өнгөрсөн юм (öngörsön jüm) — period of time that has already happened
• Norwegian Bokmål: fortid — period of time that has already happened
• Norwegian Nynorsk: fortid — period of time that has already happened
• Occitan: passat — period of time that has already happened
• Old English: forþġewitennes — period of time that has already happened
• Ossetian: ивгъуыд (ivǧwyd) — period of time that has already happened
• Pali: atīta — period of time that has already happened
• Pannonian Rusyn: прешлосц (prešlosc) — period of time that has already happened
• Pashto: تېر (ter) — period of time that has already happened
• Pashto: ماضي (māzí) — period of time that has already happened
• Pashto: ګزشته (guzaštá) — period of time that has already happened
• Dari: گُذَشْتَه (guzašta) — period of time that has already happened
• Dari: مَاضِی (māzī) — period of time that has already happened
• Iranian Persian: گُذَشْتِه (gozašte) — period of time that has already happened
• Iranian Persian: ماضی (mâzi) — period of time that has already happened
• Plautdietsch: Vegonenheit — period of time that has already happened
• Polish: przeszłość — period of time that has already happened
• Portuguese: passado — period of time that has already happened
• Quechua: ñawpaq pacha — period of time that has already happened
• Romanian: trecut — period of time that has already happened
• Russian: про́шлое (próšloje) — period of time that has already happened
• Russian: было́е (bylóje) — period of time that has already happened
• Serbo-Croatian: про̏шло̄ст — period of time that has already happened
• Serbo-Croatian: prȍšlōst — period of time that has already happened
• Slovak: minulosť — period of time that has already happened
• Slovene: preteklost — period of time that has already happened
• Spanish: pasado — period of time that has already happened
• Swedish: förflutna — period of time that has already happened
• Swedish: dåtid — period of time that has already happened
• Tagalog: nakaraan — period of time that has already happened
• Tajik: гузашта (guzašta) — period of time that has already happened
• Tajik: мозӣ (mozi) — period of time that has already happened
• Telugu: పూర్వం (pūrvaṁ) — period of time that has already happened
• Telugu: గతం (gataṁ) — period of time that has already happened
• Thai: อดีต (à-dìit) — period of time that has already happened
• Tibetan: འདས་པ — period of time that has already happened
• Tocharian B: kätkor — period of time that has already happened
• Turkish: geçmiş — period of time that has already happened
• Turkmen: geçmiş — period of time that has already happened
• Ukrainian: мину́ле (mynúle) — period of time that has already happened
• Urdu: ماضی (māzī) — period of time that has already happened
• Urdu: گُذَشْتَہ (guzaśta) — period of time that has already happened
• Uzbek: oʻtmish — period of time that has already happened
• Vietnamese: quá khứ — period of time that has already happened
• Walloon: passé — period of time that has already happened
• Yiddish: פֿאַרגאַנגענהייט (fargangenheyt) — period of time that has already happened
• Yiddish: עבֿר (over) — period of time that has already happened
• Afrikaans: verlede tyd — (grammar) past tense
• Albanian: kohë e shkuar — (grammar) past tense
• Albanian: koha e shkuar — (grammar) past tense
• Southern Altai: ӧткӧн ӧй (ötkön öy) — (grammar) past tense
• Arabic: مَاضٍ (māḍin) — (grammar) past tense
• Arabic: الْمَاضِي (al-māḍī) — (grammar) past tense
• Arabic: فِعْل مَاضٍ (fiʕl māḍin) — (grammar) past tense
• Arabic: الْفِعْل الْمَاضِي (al-fiʕl al-māḍī) — (grammar) past tense
• Armenian: անցյալ (ancʻyal) — (grammar) past tense
• Armenian: անցյալ ժամանակ (ancʻyal žamanak) — (grammar) past tense
• Azerbaijani: keçmiş zaman — (grammar) past tense
• Bashkir: үткән заман (ütkən zaman) — (grammar) past tense
• Belarusian: міну́лы час (minúly čas) — (grammar) past tense
• Bengali: অতীত কাল (otit kal) — (grammar) past tense
• Bulgarian: ми́нало вре́ме (mínalo vréme) — (grammar) past tense
• Buryat: үнгэрһэн саг (üngerhen sag) — (grammar) past tense
• Carpathian Rusyn: минулый час (mynulŷj čas) — (grammar) past tense
• Chinese Mandarin: 過去時態 /过去时态 (guòqù shítài) — (grammar) past tense
• Chinese Mandarin: 過去時 /过去时 (guòqùshí) — (grammar) past tense
• Chinese Mandarin: 過去式 /过去式 (guòqùshì) — (grammar) past tense
• Chuvash: иртнӗ вӑхӑт (irtnĕ văh̬ăt) — (grammar) past tense
• Crimean Tatar: keçken zaman — (grammar) past tense
• Czech: minulý čas — (grammar) past tense
• Danish: datid — (grammar) past tense
• Danish: præteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Dutch: verleden tijd — (grammar) past tense
• Estonian: minevik — (grammar) past tense
• Faroese: tátíð — (grammar) past tense
• Finnish: imperfekti — (grammar) past tense
• French: passé — (grammar) past tense
• Galician: pasado — (grammar) past tense
• Georgian: ნამყო (namq̇o) — (grammar) past tense
• German: Vergangenheit — (grammar) past tense
• German: Präteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Greek: αόριστος (aóristos) — (grammar) past tense
• Hebrew: עָבָר (avár) — (grammar) past tense
• Hindi: भूतकाल (bhūtkāl) — (grammar) past tense
• Hindi: भूत काल (bhūt kāl) — (grammar) past tense
• Hindi: माज़ी (māzī) — (grammar) past tense
• Hungarian: múlt idő — (grammar) past tense
• Icelandic: þátíð — (grammar) past tense
• Ido: pasinto — (grammar) past tense
• Indonesian: kala lampau — (grammar) past tense
• Italian: passato — (grammar) past tense
• Japanese: 過去時制 (kako jisei) — (grammar) past tense
• Japanese: 過去形 (kakokei) — (grammar) past tense
• Kazakh: өткен шақ (ötken şaq) — (grammar) past tense
• Khmer: អតីតកាល (ʼaʼtəytaʼkaal) — (grammar) past tense
• Korean: 과거형 (gwageohyeong) — (grammar) past tense
• Korean: 과거 시제 (gwageo sije) — (grammar) past tense
• Kyrgyz: өткөн чак (ötkön cak) — (grammar) past tense
• Latin: tempus praeteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Latin: praeteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Latvian: pagātne — (grammar) past tense
• Latvian: pagātnes laiks — (grammar) past tense
• Lithuanian: būtasis laikas — (grammar) past tense
• Macedonian: минато време (minato vreme) — (grammar) past tense
• Malay: masa lampau — (grammar) past tense
• Maltese: passat — (grammar) past tense
• Mongolian: өнгөрсөн цаг (öngörsön cag) — (grammar) past tense
• Norwegian Bokmål: preteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Norwegian Bokmål: datid — (grammar) past tense
• Norwegian Nynorsk: preteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Norwegian Nynorsk: datid — (grammar) past tense
• Old English: forþġewiten — (grammar) past tense
• Iranian Persian: ماضی (mâzi) — (grammar) past tense
• Iranian Persian: گُذَشْتِه (gozašte) — (grammar) past tense
• Iranian Persian: زَمانِ گُذَشْتِه (zamân-e gozašte) — (grammar) past tense
• Polish: czas przeszły — (grammar) past tense
• Portuguese: pretérito — (grammar) past tense
• Portuguese: passado — (grammar) past tense
• Romanian: trecut — (grammar) past tense
• Russian: проше́дшее вре́мя (prošédšeje vrémja) — (grammar) past tense
• Serbo-Croatian: прошло време — (grammar) past tense
• Serbo-Croatian: прошло вријеме — (grammar) past tense
• Serbo-Croatian: prošlo vreme — (grammar) past tense
• Serbo-Croatian: prošlo vrijeme — (grammar) past tense
• Slovak: minulý čas — (grammar) past tense
• Slovak: préteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Slovene: preteklik — (grammar) past tense
• Slovene: pretekli čas — (grammar) past tense
• Spanish: pretérito — (grammar) past tense
• Spanish: tiempo pasado — (grammar) past tense
• Swedish: preteritum — (grammar) past tense
• Swedish: dåtid — (grammar) past tense
• Swedish: förfluten tid — (grammar) past tense
• Swedish: imperfekt — (grammar) past tense
• Tagalog: naganap — (grammar) past tense
• Tagalog: pangnagdaan — (grammar) past tense
• Tajik: замони гузашта (zamon-i guzašta) — (grammar) past tense
• Tajik: гузашта (guzašta) — (grammar) past tense
• Tajik: мози (moz-i) — (grammar) past tense
• Tatar: үткән заман (ütkän zaman) — (grammar) past tense
• Telugu: గతించిన (gatiñcina) — (grammar) past tense
• Telugu: జరిగిన (jarigina) — (grammar) past tense
• Telugu: భూతకాలము (bhūtakālamu) — (grammar) past tense
• Thai: อดีตกาล (à-dìit-dtà-gaan) — (grammar) past tense
• Tibetan: འདས་པ — (grammar) past tense
• Turkish: geçmiş zaman — (grammar) past tense
• Turkmen: öten zaman — (grammar) past tense
• Ukrainian: мину́лий час (mynúlyj čas) — (grammar) past tense
• Urdu: ماضی (māzī) — (grammar) past tense
• Uyghur: ئۆتكەن زامان (ötken zaman) — (grammar) past tense
• Uzbek: oʻtgan zamon — (grammar) past tense
• Vietnamese: thời quá khứ — (grammar) past tense
• Vietnamese: thì quá khứ — (grammar) past tense
• Yakut: ааспыт кэм (aaspït kem) — (grammar) past tense
• Yiddish: פֿאַרגאַנגענע צײַט (fargangene tsayt) — (grammar) past tense
• Yiddish: עבֿר (over) — (grammar) past tense
• Arabic: بَعْدَ (baʕda) — beyond in place
• Arabic: بعد (baʕd) — beyond in place
• Bulgarian: край (kraj) — beyond in place
• Dutch: voorbij — beyond in place
• Dutch: verder — beyond in place
• Esperanto: preter — beyond in place
• Finnish: jälkeen — beyond in place
• French: après — beyond in place
• German: nach — beyond in place
• German: hinter — beyond in place
• Greek: πέρα (péra) — beyond in place
• Hungarian: túl — beyond in place
• Hungarian: után — beyond in place
• Hungarian: mellett — beyond in place
• Irish: tar éis — beyond in place
• Irish: i ndiaidh — beyond in place
• Norwegian: forbi — beyond in place
• Norwegian: bortenfor — beyond in place
• Portuguese: além de — beyond in place
• Portuguese: depois de — beyond in place
• Scottish Gaelic: seach — beyond in place
• Scottish Gaelic: an dèidh — beyond in place
• Lower Sorbian: mimo — beyond in place
• Swedish: förbi — beyond in place
• Telugu: వెనుక (venuka) — beyond in place
• Welsh: heibio — beyond in place
• German: über — beyond in quantity
• Finnish: yli — beyond in time
• German: nach — beyond in time
• Hungarian: múlt — beyond in time
• Ingrian: yli — beyond in time
• Swedish: över — beyond in time
• German: jenseits sein von — no longer capable of
• German: darüber hinweg sein — no longer capable of
• German: darüber hinweg sein — having recovered
• Dutch: voorbij — passing by
• German: vorbei — passing by
• German: vorüber — passing by
• German: dahinter — passing by
• Norwegian: forbi — passing by
• Swedish: förbi — passing by