perform

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• pər-fôrmʹ
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• Received-Pronunciation: /pəˈfɔːm/
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• Received-Pronunciation: [phəˈfɔːm]
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• General-American: /pɚˈfɔɹm/
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• General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• prĭ-fôrmʹ nonstandard but widespread
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• Received-Pronunciation: /pɹɪˈfɔːm/
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• General-American: /pɹɪˈfɔɹm/
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• rhymes with -ɔː(ɹ)m
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• CMU ARPABET: P ER0 F AO1 R M Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English parformen, performen (“to perform”), from Anglo-Norman performer, parfourmer, alteration of Old French parfornir, parfurnir (“to complete, accomplish, perform”), from par- + fornir, furnir (“to accomplish, furnish”), from Frankish *frummjan (“to accomplish, furnish”), from Proto-Germanic *frumjaną, *framjaną (“to further, promote”), from Proto-Indo-European *promo- (“in front, forth”), *per- (“forward, out”). Cognate with Old High German frummen (“to do, execute, accomplish, provide”), Old Saxon frummian (“to perform, promote”), Old English fremman (“to perform, execute, carry out, accomplish”). See also frame, from. Modernly, rather than Proto-Germanic *frumjaną, associated with Latin formō, analyzable as per- + form.

172 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Albanian: byr — transitive: to do (something)
• Arabic: أَدَّى (ʔaddā) — transitive: to do (something)
• Bulgarian: извършвам (izvǎršvam) — transitive: to do (something)
• Catalan: realitzar — transitive: to do (something)
• Chinese Mandarin: 執行 /执行 (zhíxíng) — transitive: to do (something)
• Chinese Mandarin: 進行 /进行 (jìnxíng) — transitive: to do (something)
• Chinese Mandarin: 實行 /实行 (shíxíng) — transitive: to do (something)
• Ngazidja Comorian: udjimiza — transitive: to do (something)
• Czech: provést — transitive: to do (something)
• Danish: udføre — transitive: to do (something)
• Dutch: verrichten — transitive: to do (something)
• Dutch: uitvoeren — transitive: to do (something)
• Dutch: houden — transitive: to do (something)
• Dutch: presteren — transitive: to do (something)
• Finnish: suorittaa — transitive: to do (something)
• Finnish: tehdä — transitive: to do (something)
• French: exécuter — transitive: to do (something)
• French: effectuer — transitive: to do (something)
• French: faire — transitive: to do (something)
• French: accomplir — transitive: to do (something)
• Galician: realizar — transitive: to do (something)
• German: durchführen — transitive: to do (something)
• German: ausführen — transitive: to do (something)
• German: verrichten — transitive: to do (something)
• German: vollführen — transitive: to do (something)
• German: vollbringen — transitive: to do (something)
• Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (waurkjan) — transitive: to do (something)
• Ancient Greek: ἐξεργάζομαι (exergázomai) — transitive: to do (something)
• Hungarian: végez — transitive: to do (something)
• Hungarian: elvégez — transitive: to do (something)
• Hungarian: megtesz — transitive: to do (something)
• Hungarian: véghez visz — transitive: to do (something)
• Hungarian: végrehajt — transitive: to do (something)
• Ido: exekutar — transitive: to do (something)
• Italian: eseguire — transitive: to do (something)
• Japanese: 実行する (jikkō suru) — transitive: to do (something)
• Korean: 실행하다 (silhaenghada) — transitive: to do (something)
• Korean: 수행하다 (suhaenghada) — transitive: to do (something)
• Latin: fungor — transitive: to do (something)
• Eastern Mari: ышташ (yštaš) — transitive: to do (something)
• Middle English: parformen — transitive: to do (something)
• Nepali: गर्नु (garnu) — transitive: to do (something)
• Norwegian: utføre — transitive: to do (something)
• Old English: drēogan — transitive: to do (something)
• Old English: æfnan — transitive: to do (something)
• Old Saxon: fremmian — transitive: to do (something)
• Old Saxon: frummian — transitive: to do (something)
• Old Saxon: gifrummian — transitive: to do (something)
• Polish: wykonywać — transitive: to do (something)
• Polish: wykonać — transitive: to do (something)
• Portuguese: realizar — transitive: to do (something)
• Portuguese: fazer — transitive: to do (something)
• Portuguese: levar a cabo — transitive: to do (something)
• Russian: выполня́ть (vypolnjátʹ) — transitive: to do (something)
• Russian: вы́полнить (výpolnitʹ) — transitive: to do (something)
• Russian: проводи́ть (provodítʹ) — transitive: to do (something)
• Russian: провести́ (provestí) — transitive: to do (something)
• Scottish Gaelic: cuir an gnìomh — transitive: to do (something)
• Sicilian: fari — transitive: to do (something)
• Sicilian: rializzari — transitive: to do (something)
• Sicilian: effittuari — transitive: to do (something)
• Sicilian: esicutari — transitive: to do (something)
• Spanish: hacer — transitive: to do (something)
• Spanish: realizar — transitive: to do (something)
• Spanish: efectuar — transitive: to do (something)
• Spanish: ejecutar — transitive: to do (something)
• Spanish: llevar a cabo — transitive: to do (something)
• Spanish: despalillar — transitive: to do (something)
• Spanish: bordar — transitive: to do (something)
• Swahili: kushika — transitive: to do (something)
• Swedish: utföra — transitive: to do (something)
• Ukrainian: вико́нувати (vykónuvaty) — transitive: to do (something)
• Ukrainian: ви́конати (výkonaty) — transitive: to do (something)
• Catalan: representar — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Finnish: suoriutua — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Finnish: onnistua — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Finnish: menestyä — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• French: performer — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• German: Arbeit leisten — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• German: Arbeit verrichten — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• German: performen — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• German: bringen — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Hungarian: teljesít — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Hungarian: szuperál — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Hungarian: működik — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Hungarian: funkcionál — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Hungarian: ... teljesítményt nyújt — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Italian: comportarsi con correttezza — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Spanish: funcionar — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Spanish: funcar — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Spanish: desempeñarse — intransitive: to exhibit an expected pattern of behavior
• Bulgarian: изпълнявам (izpǎlnjavam) — law: to act in accordance with
• Finnish: panna täytäntöön — law: to act in accordance with
• Finnish: noudattaa — law: to act in accordance with
• German: erfüllen — law: to act in accordance with
• Hungarian: teljesít — law: to act in accordance with
• Middle English: parformen — law: to act in accordance with
• Bulgarian: изпълнявам (izpǎlnjavam) — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• Esperanto: plenumi — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• Finnish: täyttää ehdot — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• German: leisten — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• Hungarian: teljesít — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• Italian: adempiere — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• Middle English: parformen — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• Sicilian: adìnchiri — law: to fulfill contractually agreed-to terms
• Azerbaijani: çıxış etmək — to do something in front of an audience
• Azerbaijani: ifa etmək — to do something in front of an audience
• Bulgarian: изпълня́вам (izpǎlnjávam) — to do something in front of an audience
• Bulgarian: предста́вям (predstávjam) — to do something in front of an audience
• Catalan: actuar — to do something in front of an audience
• Catalan: representar — to do something in front of an audience
• Catalan: interpretar — to do something in front of an audience
• Chinese Mandarin: 表演 (biǎoyǎn) — to do something in front of an audience
• Chinese Mandarin: 演出 (yǎnchū) — to do something in front of an audience
• Dutch: opvoeren — to do something in front of an audience
• Esperanto: roli — to do something in front of an audience
• Estonian: esinema — to do something in front of an audience
• Finnish: esittää — to do something in front of an audience
• French: jouer — to do something in front of an audience
• French: danser — to do something in front of an audience
• French: chanter — to do something in front of an audience
• French: interpréter — to do something in front of an audience
• German: aufführen — to do something in front of an audience
• German: spielen — to do something in front of an audience
• German: auftreten — to do something in front of an audience
• Hungarian: fellép — to do something in front of an audience
• Hungarian: előad — to do something in front of an audience
• Hungarian: játszik — to do something in front of an audience
• Hungarian: szerepel — to do something in front of an audience
• Italian: recitare — to do something in front of an audience
• Japanese: 演奏する (ensō suru) — to do something in front of an audience
• Polish: wykonać — to do something in front of an audience
• Portuguese: interpretar — to do something in front of an audience
• Portuguese: apresentar-se — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: выступа́ть (vystupátʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: вы́ступить (výstupitʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: исполня́ть (ispolnjátʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: испо́лнить (ispólnitʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: выполня́ть (vypolnjátʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: вы́полнить pf a trick (výpolnitʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: игра́ть (igrátʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Russian: сыгра́ть (sygrátʹ) — to do something in front of an audience
• Scottish Gaelic: gabh — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: actuar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: cantar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: danzar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: ejecutar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: interpretar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: entremesear — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: entremesar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: performear — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: performar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: desempeñar — to do something in front of an audience
• Spanish: bordar — to do something in front of an audience
• Swedish: uppträda — to do something in front of an audience
• Telugu: ప్రదర్శించు (pradarśiñcu) — to do something in front of an audience
• Vietnamese: biểu diễn — to do something in front of an audience
• Bulgarian: играя (igraja) — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Finnish: teeskennellä — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Finnish: näytellä — to behave theatrically, to feign
• German: vorschützen — to behave theatrically, to feign
• German: vorspielen — to behave theatrically, to feign
• German: vortäuschen — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Hungarian: megjátszik — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Hungarian: színlel — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Hungarian: tettet — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Hungarian: mímel — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Sicilian: mprisiari — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Sicilian: fari u tiatrista — to behave theatrically, to feign
• Finnish: käyttäytyä — social science: to behave in accordance with
• Finnish: käyttäytyä — social science: to behave in ways that carry meaning
• Finnish: omaksua — social science: to behave in ways that carry meaning