adj · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
UK:/pəˈfʌŋk.t(ə)ɹɪ/
US:/pɚˈfʌŋk.tɚ.i/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
CMU ARPABET:P ER0 F AH1 NG K T ER0 IY0
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
adj
Meaning 1
Done only or merely to conform to a minimal standard or to fulfill a protocol or presumptive duty.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: automatic, cursory, obligatory, pro forma, token, unthinking
Antonyms: none provided
2
adj
Meaning 2
Performed in a careless or indifferent manner as a thing of rote.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
He did a perfunctory job cleaning his dad's car, finishing quickly but leaving a few spots still dirty.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: haphazard, mechanical, slipshod
Antonyms: careful, complete, thorough
3
adjective satellite
Meaning 3
hasty and without attention to detail; not thorough
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
a casual (or cursory) inspection failed to reveal the house's structural flaws
a passing glance
perfunctory courtesy
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: casual, cursory, passing(a)
Antonyms: none provided
4
adjective satellite
Meaning 4
as a formality only
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
a one-candidate pro forma election
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: pro forma
Antonyms: none provided
History
Etymology
From Late Latin perfunctōrius (“careless, negligent”), from the past participial stem of perfungor, perfunct- (“perform, carry through”), from per- + fungor.
Across languages
Translations
76 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Bulgarian:
повърхностен
(povǎrhnosten)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Bulgarian:
небрежен
(nebrežen)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Catalan:
perfuntori
— performed out of routine, with little care
Catalan:
descurat
— performed out of routine, with little care
Chinese Mandarin:
敷衍
(fūyǎn)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Chinese Mandarin:
含糊
(hánhu)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Chinese Mandarin:
不痛不癢 /不痛不痒
(bùtòngbùyǎng)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Czech:
formální
— performed out of routine, with little care
Czech:
ledabylý
— performed out of routine, with little care
Czech:
povrchní
— performed out of routine, with little care
Czech:
letmý
— performed out of routine, with little care
Czech:
zběžný
— performed out of routine, with little care
Danish:
skødesløs
— performed out of routine, with little care
Danish:
overfladisk
— performed out of routine, with little care
Dutch:
(louter) plichtmatig
— performed out of routine, with little care
Dutch:
machinaal
— performed out of routine, with little care
Dutch:
werktuiglijk
— performed out of routine, with little care
Dutch:
routineus
— performed out of routine, with little care
Esperanto:
supraĵa
— performed out of routine, with little care
Esperanto:
indiferenta
— performed out of routine, with little care
Finnish:
rutiininomainen
— performed out of routine, with little care
Finnish:
pintapuolinen
— performed out of routine, with little care
Finnish:
puolihuolimaton
— performed out of routine, with little care
French:
sommaire
— performed out of routine, with little care
French:
superficiel
— performed out of routine, with little care
French:
négligeant
— performed out of routine, with little care
French:
pour la forme
— performed out of routine, with little care
French:
de pure forme
— performed out of routine, with little care
French:
détaché
— performed out of routine, with little care
French:
bâclé
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
flüchtig
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
maschinell
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
oberflächlich
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
der Form halber
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
formell
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
pro forma
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
routinemäßig
— performed out of routine, with little care
German:
nachlässig
— performed out of routine, with little care
Greek:
διεκπεραιωτικός
(diekperaiotikós)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Hungarian:
felületes
— performed out of routine, with little care
Hungarian:
hanyag
— performed out of routine, with little care
Hungarian:
futó
— performed out of routine, with little care
Irish:
sleamchúiseach
— performed out of routine, with little care
Irish:
neamhaireach
— performed out of routine, with little care
Italian:
superficiale
— performed out of routine, with little care
Italian:
sbrigativo
— performed out of routine, with little care
Japanese:
御座成の
(ozanari no)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Polish:
pobieżny
— performed out of routine, with little care
Polish:
powierzchowny
— performed out of routine, with little care
Portuguese:
perfunctório
— performed out of routine, with little care
Romanian:
cu superficialitate
— performed out of routine, with little care
Romanian:
cu neglijenââ
— performed out of routine, with little care
Romanian:
superficial
— performed out of routine, with little care
Russian:
небре́жный
(nebréžnyj)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Russian:
пове́рхностный
(povérxnostnyj)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Russian:
машина́льный
(mašinálʹnyj)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Serbo-Croatian:
махиналан
— performed out of routine, with little care
Serbo-Croatian:
макиналан
— performed out of routine, with little care
Serbo-Croatian:
mahinalan
— performed out of routine, with little care
Serbo-Croatian:
makinalan
— performed out of routine, with little care
Spanish:
superficial
— performed out of routine, with little care
Spanish:
perfunctorio
— performed out of routine, with little care
Spanish:
rutinario
— performed out of routine, with little care
Spanish:
somero
— performed out of routine, with little care
Spanish:
maquinal
— performed out of routine, with little care
Swedish:
invand
— performed out of routine, with little care
Swedish:
slentrianmässig
— performed out of routine, with little care
Swedish:
vana
— performed out of routine, with little care
Ukrainian:
поверхневий
(poverxnevyj)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Ukrainian:
формальний
(formalʹnyj)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Ukrainian:
машинальний
(mašynalʹnyj)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Ukrainian:
недбалий
(nedbalyj)
— performed out of routine, with little care
Vietnamese:
qua loa
— performed out of routine, with little care
Vietnamese:
hời hợt
— performed out of routine, with little care
Vietnamese:
đại khái
— performed out of routine, with little care
Yiddish:
אויבנאויפֿיק
(oybnoyfik)
— performed out of routine, with little care