Standard Lemma guide

piston

name · noun · verb · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • pĭs'tən
  • /ˈpɪstən/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɪstən
  • CMU ARPABET: P IH1 S T AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

A surname.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: engineering, mechanical-engineering, mechanics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A valve device in some brass instruments for changing the pitch

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To move up and down or in and out like a piston.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

mechanical device that has a plunging or thrusting motion

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: plunger

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: mechanical device

6

noun

Meaning 6

United States neoclassical composer (1894-1976)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: Walter Piston

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: composer

History

Etymology

Borrowed from French piston.

Across languages

Translations

80 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Armenian: մխոց (mxocʻ) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Bulgarian: бутало (butalo) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Catalan: pistó — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Chinese Cantonese: 活塞 (wut6 sak1) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Chinese Mandarin: 活塞 (huósāi) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Chinese Mandarin: 鞲鞴 (gōubèi) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Czech: píst — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Danish: stempel — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Dutch: zuiger — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Esperanto: piŝto — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Finnish: mäntä — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • French: piston — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Galician: pistón — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Galician: émbolo — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Galician: sucho — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Georgian: დგუში (dguši) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • German: Kolben — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Greek: πιστόνι (pistóni) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Hawaiian: hao kuʻe — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Hawaiian: kuʻe — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Hebrew: בוכנה \ בֻּכְנָה (bukhná) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Hungarian: dugattyú — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Icelandic: stimpill — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Icelandic: bulla — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Indonesian: piston — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Indonesian: seher — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Indonesian: torak — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Italian: pistone — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Japanese: ピストン (pisuton) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Japanese: 活塞 (kassoku) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Japanese: 喞子 (shokushi) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Kazakh: піспек (pıspek) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Kazakh: поршень (porşen) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Khmer: ពីស្តុង (pii stong) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Korean: 피스톤 (piseuton) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Latin: embolus — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Latin: fundulus — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Latvian: virzulis — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Macedonian: клип (klip) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Malay: piston — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Malay: omboh — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Māori: kōkeke — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Mongolian: бүлүүр (bülüür) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Norwegian Bokmål: stempel — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: stempel — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Polish: tłok — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Portuguese: pistão — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Romanian: piston — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Russian: по́ршень (póršenʹ) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Russian: плу́нжер (plúnžer) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Russian: золотни́к (zolotník) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Serbo-Croatian: klip — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Serbo-Croatian: stap — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Spanish: pistón — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Spanish: émbolo — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Swedish: kolv — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Tagalog: tublik — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Thai: ลูกสูบ (lûuk-sùup) — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Turkish: piston — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Vietnamese: pít tông — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Welsh: piston — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Welsh: ceuffon — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Welsh: pillffon — solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder
  • Bulgarian: клапа (klapa) — valve of brass instruments
  • Finnish: venttiili — valve of brass instruments
  • Finnish: työntöventtiili — valve of brass instruments
  • French: piston — valve of brass instruments
  • German: Pumpventil — valve of brass instruments
  • German: Perinetventil — valve of brass instruments
  • Russian: писто́н (pistón) — valve of brass instruments
  • Russian: кла́пан (klápan) — valve of brass instruments
  • Arabic: مِدَكّ (midakk) — in firearms
  • Belarusian: іглі́ца (ihlíca) — in firearms
  • Belarusian: уда́рнік (udárnik) — in firearms
  • Finnish: mäntä — in firearms
  • German: Piston — in firearms
  • German: Zündhütchenträger — in firearms
  • Polish: odrzut — in firearms
  • Russian: уда́рник (udárnik) — in firearms
  • Ukrainian: уда́рник (udárnyk) — in firearms
Real reading context

piston in complete knowledge articles