primer

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈpɹaɪ.mə/
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• Received-Pronunciation: prīʹmə
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• UK: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• US: /ˈpɹɪm.əɹ/
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• US: prĭmʹər
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• Midwestern Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• /ˈpɹaɪməɹ/ US, irregular, but common; borrowed from Etymology 2
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• prīʹmər US, irregular, but common; borrowed from Etymology 2
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• California: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• rhymes with -aɪmə(ɹ)
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• rhymes with -ɪmə(ɹ)
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• homophone: primmer
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• UK: /ˈpɹaɪ.mə(ɹ)/
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• UK: prīʹmə
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• US: /ˈpɹaɪmɚ/
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• US: prīmʹə
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• CMU ARPABET: P R AY1 M ER0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Anglo-Norman primer (“first”), from Latin prīmārius (“first”).

Unexplained.

From Middle English primer, primere, from Medieval Latin primarius and primarium (“prayer book”) possibly via Anglo-Norman primer (“prayer book”), from prima (“prime the liturgical hour and office”) + -arius and -arium (suffix forming related objects). Its use for schoolbooks derived from the late medieval and early modern use of such prayer books to teach reading.

Etymology tree English prime Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English primer From prime + -er.

244 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Albanian: abetare — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Armenian: այբբենարան (aybbenaran) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Azerbaijani: əlifba kitabı — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Azerbaijani: əlifba — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Belarusian: леманта́р (ljemantár) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Belarusian: буква́р (bukvár) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Belarusian: а́збука (ázbuka) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Belarusian: абэцэда́р (abecedár) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Bulgarian: буква́р (bukvár) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Catalan: beceroles — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Catalan: abecé — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Catalan: abecedari — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Chinese Mandarin: 識字課本 /识字课本 (shìzì kèběn) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Czech: slabikář — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Danish: ABC — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Dutch: abecedarium — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Dutch: leesplankje — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Dutch: eerste leesboek — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Dutch: abc-boek — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Estonian: aabits — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Estonian: aabitsaraamat — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Finnish: aapinen — children's book introducing basic literacy
• French: abécédaire — children's book introducing basic literacy
• French: abc — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Georgian: ანბანი (anbani) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• German: Fibel — children's book introducing basic literacy
• German: Abecedarium — children's book introducing basic literacy
• German: ABC-Buch — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Greek: αλφαβητάριο (alfavitário) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Greek: αλφαβητάρι (alfavitári) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Hebrew: אַלְפוֹן — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Hebrew: סֵפֶר אָלֶפְבֵּית — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Hindi: वर्ण-माला की पुस्तक (varṇ-mālā kī pustak) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Hindi: प्राइमर (prāimar) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Hungarian: ábécéskönyv — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Hungarian: olvasókönyv — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Icelandic: stafrófskver — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Indonesian: buku alfabet — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Irish: bunleabhar — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Irish: miontosach — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Irish: priméar — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Irish: uraiceacht — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Italian: sillabario — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Italian: abbecedario — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Kazakh: әліппе (älıppe) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Kyrgyz: алиппе (alippe) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Latvian: ābece — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Lithuanian: pradžiamokslis — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Macedonian: буквар (bukvar) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Malay: buku abjad — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Mongolian: үсэглэл (üseglel) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Norwegian Bokmål: ABC-bok — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Norwegian Bokmål: abc-bok — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Norwegian Bokmål: ABC — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Iranian Persian: کِتابِ اَلِفْبا (ketâb-e alefbâ) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Iranian Persian: اَلِفْبا (alefbâ) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Polish: elementarz — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Polish: abecadło — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Portuguese: cartilha — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Romagnol: abezedêri — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Romanian: abecedar — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Russian: буква́рь (bukvárʹ) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Russian: а́збука (ázbuka) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Serbo-Croatian: бу̀ква̄р — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Serbo-Croatian: по̀четница — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Serbo-Croatian: bùkvār — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Serbo-Croatian: pòčetnica — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Silesian: ślabikorz — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Slovak: šlabikár — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Slovene: abecednik — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Spanish: cartilla — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Spanish: abecé — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Spanish: silabario — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Swedish: ABC-bok — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Swedish: abc-bok — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Swedish: läsebok — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Tajik: алифбо (alifbo) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Tajik: китоби алифбо (kitob-i alifbo) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Tatar: әлифба (älifba) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Turkish: alfabe — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Turkish: abece — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Ottoman Turkish: صوپره (supara) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Turkmen: harplyk — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Udi: тӏетӏир (ṭeṭir) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Ukrainian: буква́р (bukvár) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Ukrainian: а́збука (ázbuka) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Ukrainian: абе́тка (abétka) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Ukrainian: абецеда́рій (abecedárij) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Urdu: قاعِدَہ (qā'ida) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Uyghur: ئېلىپبە (ëlipbe) — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Uzbek: alifbe — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Vietnamese: sách vỡ lòng — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Vietnamese: sách học vấn — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Volapük: lafababuk — children's book introducing basic literacy
• Albanian: abetare — introductory textbook
• Arabic: كِتَاب تَمْهِيدِيّ (kitāb tamhīdiyy) — introductory textbook
• Armenian: այբբենարան (aybbenaran) — introductory textbook
• Belarusian: буква́р (bukvár) — introductory textbook
• Belarusian: а́збука (ázbuka) — introductory textbook
• Belarusian: леманта́р (ljemantár) — introductory textbook
• Bulgarian: буква́р (bukvár) — introductory textbook
• Bulgarian: а́збучник (ázbučnik) — introductory textbook
• Chinese Mandarin: 識字課本 /识字课本 (shìzì kèběn) — introductory textbook
• Chinese Mandarin: 入門書 /入门书 (rùménshū) — introductory textbook
• Czech: slabikář — introductory textbook
• Dutch: abecedarium — introductory textbook
• Esperanto: aboco — introductory textbook
• Estonian: aabits — introductory textbook
• Finnish: alkeiskirja — introductory textbook
• Finnish: alkeet — introductory textbook
• French: abc — introductory textbook
• French: abécédaire — introductory textbook
• German: ABC-Buch — introductory textbook
• German: Abecedarium — introductory textbook
• German: Abecedar — introductory textbook
• Greek: αλφαβητάριο (alfavitário) — introductory textbook
• Hungarian: bevezető tankönyv — introductory textbook
• Indonesian: bacaan asas — introductory textbook
• Irish: bunleabhar — introductory textbook
• Italian: testo elementare — introductory textbook
• Italian: m — introductory textbook
• Japanese: 入門書 (nyūmonsho) — introductory textbook
• Japanese: 初等読本 (shotō dokuhon) — introductory textbook
• Korean: 입문서 (immunseo) — introductory textbook
• Latin: abecedārium — introductory textbook
• Latvian: ābece — introductory textbook
• Lithuanian: abėcėlė — introductory textbook
• Macedonian: буквар (bukvar) — introductory textbook
• Manx: bun-lioar — introductory textbook
• Mongolian: үсэглэл (üseglel) — introductory textbook
• Polish: elementarz — introductory textbook
• Portuguese: cartilha — introductory textbook
• Portuguese: abecedário — introductory textbook
• Romanian: abecedar — introductory textbook
• Russian: буква́рь (bukvárʹ) — introductory textbook
• Russian: а́збука (ázbuka) — introductory textbook
• Russian: абецеда́рий (abɛcedárij) — introductory textbook
• Skolt-Sami: aabbâs — introductory textbook
• Serbo-Croatian: бу̀ква̄р — introductory textbook
• Serbo-Croatian: bùkvār — introductory textbook
• Slovak: šlabikár — introductory textbook
• Slovene: abecednik — introductory textbook
• Spanish: abecé — introductory textbook
• Spanish: cartilla — introductory textbook
• Spanish: introducción — introductory textbook
• Ottoman Turkish: صوپره (supara) — introductory textbook
• Ukrainian: буква́р (bukvár) — introductory textbook
• Ukrainian: а́збука (ázbuka) — introductory textbook
• Ukrainian: абе́тка (abétka) — introductory textbook
• Uzbek: alifbe — introductory textbook
• Vietnamese: sách học vấn — introductory textbook
• Bulgarian: разпалка (razpalka) — substance used to ignite a fire
• Chinese Mandarin: 底火 (dǐhuǒ) — substance used to ignite a fire
• Finnish: sytyke — substance used to ignite a fire
• French: amorce — substance used to ignite a fire
• Hungarian: gyújtós — substance used to ignite a fire
• Hungarian: gyúanyag — substance used to ignite a fire
• Hungarian: alágyújtós — substance used to ignite a fire
• Italian: innesco — substance used to ignite a fire
• Japanese: 点火剤 (tenkazai) — substance used to ignite a fire
• Japanese: 起爆剤 (kibakuzai) — substance used to ignite a fire
• Russian: запа́л (zapál) — substance used to ignite a fire
• Bulgarian: запалка (zapalka) — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Danish: tændsats — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Danish: fænghætte — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Danish: knaldhætte — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Faroese: smellhetta — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Faroese: bresthetta — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Finnish: sytytin — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Finnish: nalli — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• French: amorce — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• German: Zündkapsel — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Greek: θρυαλλίδα (thryallída) — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Greek: καψύλλιο (kapsýllio) — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Hungarian: gyutacs — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Icelandic: hvellhetta — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Italian: innesco — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Japanese: 雷管 (raikan) — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Macedonian: каписла (kapisla) — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Norwegian Bokmål: fenghette — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Norwegian Nynorsk: fenghette — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Portuguese: espoleta — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Russian: запа́л (zapál) — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Russian: ка́псюль (kápsjulʹ) — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Swedish: tändrör — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Swedish: tändhatt — small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive
• Finnish: panostaja — person who primes explosives
• Bulgarian: грунд (grund) — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Finnish: pohjamaali — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• German: Grundierung — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Hungarian: alapozó — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Hungarian: alapozó festék — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Māori: peita papatake — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Marathi: प्रायमर (prāymar) — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Russian: грунто́вка (gruntóvka) — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Turkish: astar — substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.
• Afrikaans: basislaag — layer of cosmetic substance
• Portuguese: primer — layer of cosmetic substance
• Afrikaans: onderlaag — layer of priming substance
• Bulgarian: грунд (grund) — layer of priming substance
• Chinese Mandarin: 底漆 (dǐqī) — layer of priming substance
• Finnish: pohjamaali — layer of priming substance
• Finnish: pohjustusmaali — layer of priming substance
• French: sous-couche — layer of priming substance
• German: Grundierung — layer of priming substance
• Greek: αστάρι (astári) — layer of priming substance
• Greek: επίχρισμα (epíchrisma) — layer of priming substance
• Hungarian: alapréteg — layer of priming substance
• Hungarian: alapozás — layer of priming substance
• Hungarian: alapozó réteg — layer of priming substance
• Italian: vernice di fondo — layer of priming substance
• Italian: mestica — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 砥の粉 (tonoko) — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 砥粉 (tonoko) — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 目止め (medome) — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 目止 (medome) — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 地塗り (ji-nuri) — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 地塗 (ji-nuri) — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 下塗り (shita-nuri) — layer of priming substance
• Japanese: 下塗 (shita-nuri) — layer of priming substance
• Manx: bun-vrat — layer of priming substance
• Māori: peita papatake — layer of priming substance
• Marathi: प्रायमर (prāymar) — layer of priming substance
• Russian: грунт (grunt) — layer of priming substance
• Russian: грунто́вка (gruntóvka) — layer of priming substance
• Serbo-Croatian: grudva — layer of priming substance
• Finnish: pohjustaja — person who primes wood, metal etc.
• Chinese Mandarin: 引物 (yǐnwù) — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Chinese Mandarin: 引子 (yǐnzi) — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Finnish: aluke — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• French: amorce — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Italian: innesco — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Japanese: プライマー (puraimā) — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Portuguese: iniciador — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Spanish: iniciador — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Spanish: cebador — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Spanish: partidor — biology: molecule required for replication of DNA
• Finnish: alustava feromoni — medicine, zoology: pheromone which interacts first
• Finnish: sytytin — device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline
• Greek: εγχυτήρας (enchytíras) — device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline
• Italian: iniettore — device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline
• Japanese: チョーク (chōku) — device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline
• Spanish: ignitor — device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline
• Finnish: karsija — person who prunes trees