Standard Lemma guide

procrastination

noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /pɹəʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
  • Canada, General-American: /pɹoʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
  • Canada, General-American: [-ʃn̩]
  • California: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Australian: /pɹəʉˌkɹæs.tɪˈnæɪ.ʃən/
  • New-Zealand: /pɹɐʉˌkɹɛs.təˈnæɪ.ʃən/
  • rhymes with -eɪʃən
  • CMU ARPABET: P R AH0 K R AE2 S T AH0 N EY1 SH AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The act of postponing, delaying or putting off, especially habitually or intentionally.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable, usually

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

the act of procrastinating; putting off or delaying or defering an action to a later time

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: cunctation, shillyshally

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: delay, holdup

3

noun

Meaning 3

slowness as a consequence of not getting around to it

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: dilatoriness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: slowness, deliberation, deliberateness, unhurriedness

History

Etymology

From Middle French procrastination, from Latin prōcrāstinātiō, from prōcrāstinō (“procrastinate”), from prō + crāstinus (“of tomorrow”), from crās (“tomorrow”).

Across languages

Translations

90 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: uitstel — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Arabic: تَسْوِيف (taswīf) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Arabic: تَأْجِيل (taʔjīl) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Armenian: պրոկրաստինացիա (prokrastinacʻia) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Asturian: procrastinación — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Azerbaijani: ertələmə — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Azerbaijani: yubatma — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Basque: prokrastinazio — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Bulgarian: отла́гане (otlágane) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Bulgarian: отсро́чване (otsróčvane) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Bulgarian: прокрастинация (prokrastinacija) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Catalan: procrastinació — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Chinese Mandarin: 耽擱 /耽搁 (dāngē) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Chinese Mandarin: 拖延 (tuōyán) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Czech: odkládání — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Czech: prokrastinace — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Danish: udsættelse — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Danish: overspringshandling — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Danish: prokrastinering — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Dutch: uitstel — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Dutch: uitstelgedrag — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Dutch: procrastinatie — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Esperanto: prokrasto — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Estonian: prokrastinatsioon — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Finnish: lykkäys — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Finnish: jahkailu — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Finnish: viivyttely — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Finnish: vitkastelu — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Finnish: aikailu — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Finnish: kuhnailu — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Finnish: aikaansaamattomuus — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • French: procrastination — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Galician: nugalla — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Galician: larcha — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Galician: doca — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Galician: procrastinación — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • German: Aufschub — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • German: Prokrastination — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Greek: αναβλητικότητα (anavlitikótita) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Hebrew: דחיינות — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Hindi: दीर्घसूत्रता (dīrghasūtratā) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Hungarian: halogatás — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Hungarian: késlekedés — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Indonesian: penundaan — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Indonesian: prokrastinasi — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Italian: procrastinazione — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Japanese: 先延ばし (sakinobashi) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Japanese: 遅滞 (chitai) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Kannada: ವಿಳಂಬನ (viḷambana) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Korean: 지연행동 (jiyeonhaengdong) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Latin: morōsitās — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Latin: prōcrāstinātiō — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Lithuanian: atidėliojimas — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Lithuanian: vilkinimas — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Malayalam: വൈകിക്കുക (vaikikkuka) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Māori: tonanawetanga — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Norwegian Bokmål: prokrastinering — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Polish: zwłoka — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Polish: prokrastynacja — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Portuguese: procrastinação — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Punjabi: ਪ੍ਰੋਕ੍ਰਾਸਟ੍ਰੀਨੇਸ਼ਨ (prokrāsṭrīneśan) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Romanian: amânare — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Romanian: procrastinare — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Russian: откла́дывание (otkládyvanije) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Russian: отсро́чка (otsróčka) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Russian: промедле́ние (promedlénije) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Russian: проволо́чка (provolóčka) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Russian: прокрастина́ция (prokrastinácija) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Scottish Gaelic: màirnealachd — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Sinhalese: කල් දැමීම (kal dæmīma) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Slovak: prokrastinácia — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Slovene: prokrastinacija — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Spanish: desidia — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Spanish: dejar algo para más tarde, para mañana... — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Spanish: procrastinación — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Swedish: förhalning — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Swedish: förhalande — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Swedish: prokrastinering — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Tagalog: pagpapaliban — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Tagalog: pagpapabukas-bukas — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Tamil: தள்ளிப்போடுதல் (taḷḷippōṭutal) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Thai: การผัดวันประกันพรุ่ง — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Thai: การผัด — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Turkish: ertelemecilik — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Ukrainian: прокрастина́ція (prokrastynácija) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Ukrainian: відкладання на потім (vidkladannja na potim) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Ukrainian: зволіка́ння (zvolikánnja) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Uzbek: prokrastinatsiya — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Vietnamese: trì hoãn — act of postponing, delaying or putting off
  • Yiddish: אָפּלייגעכץ (opleygekhts) — act of postponing, delaying or putting off