adj · name · noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
UK:/ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/
UK:/-ˌjɔːɹəˈ-/
US:/ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
1
adj
Meaning 1
Of or pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
name
Meaning 2
The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: uncountable
Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
Examples
The word mother comes from Proto-Indo-European *méh2tēr.
The plural English word brethren and the Farsi word that is pronounced as 'baradaran' both come from the same Proto-Indo-European root word.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
noun
Meaning 3
A person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable
Topics: anthropology, human-sciences, sciences
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: Indo-European
Antonyms: none provided
History
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per-der.? Proto-Indo-European *per-der.? Proto-Indo-European *pér Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *próder. Ancient Greek πρό (pró) Ancient Greek -ᾰτος (-ătos) Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos) Ancient Greek πρωτο- (prōto-)lbor. English proto- English Indo-European English Proto-Indo-European From proto- + Indo-European.
Across languages
Translations
113 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Armenian:
նախահնդեվրոպական
(naxahndevropakan)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Czech:
praindoevropský
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Dutch:
Proto-Indo-Europees
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
French:
indoeuropéen
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Georgian:
პროტოინდოევროპული
(ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Georgian:
წინარეინდოევროპული
(c̣inareindoevroṗuli)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
German:
urindogermanisch
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
German:
indogermanisch
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Hindi:
आदिम-हिन्द-यूरोपीय
(ādim-hind-yūropīya)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Hindi:
आदिम-भारोपीय
(ādim-bhāropīya)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Hungarian:
indoeurópai
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Icelandic:
frumindóevrópskur
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Irish:
Próta-Ind-Eorpach
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Macedonian:
праиндоевропски
(praindoevropski)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Norwegian Bokmål:
urindoeuropeisk
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Norwegian Nynorsk:
urindoeuropeisk
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Persian:
نیا-هندواروپایی
(niyâ-hendo-orupâyi)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Polish:
praindoeuropejski
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Portuguese:
protoindo-europeu
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Romanian:
stră-indoeuropean
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Romanian:
proto-indoeuropean
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Russian:
праиндоевропе́йский
(praindojevropéjskij)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Slovene:
praindoevropski
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Spanish:
protoindoeuropeo
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Swedish:
urindoeuropeisk
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Swedish:
protoindoeuropeisk
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Turkish:
Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubuna ait
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Turkish:
Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubundan
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Ukrainian:
праіндоєвропе́йський
(praindojevropéjsʹkyj)
— pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European
Armenian:
հնդեվրոպական նախալեզու
(hndevropakan naxalezu)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Basque:
Aitzinindoeuropera
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Breton:
indez-europeg
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Bulgarian:
индоевропе́йски пра́език
(indoevropéjski práezik)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Catalan:
protoindoeuropeu
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Chinese Mandarin:
原始印歐語 /原始印欧语
(Yuánshǐ Yìn-Ōuyǔ)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Czech:
praindoevropština
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Danish:
protoindoeuropæisk
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Danish:
urindoeuropæisk
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Dutch:
Proto-Indo-Europees
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Esperanto:
hindeŭropa pralingvo
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Faroese:
frumindoevropeiskt
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Finnish:
indoeurooppalainen kantakieli
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Finnish:
kantaindoeurooppa
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
French:
indo-européen commun
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
French:
indoeuropéen
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Galician:
protoindoeuropeo
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Georgian:
პროტოინდოევროპული ენა
(ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli ena)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Georgian:
წინარეინდოევროპული ენა
(c̣inareindoevroṗuli ena)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Georgian:
პროტოინდოევროპული
(ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Georgian:
წინარეინდოევროპული
(c̣inareindoevroṗuli)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
German:
Indogermanisch
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
German:
Urindogermanisch
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Greek:
πρωτοϊνδοευρωπαϊκά
(protoïndoevropaïká)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Hebrew:
פרוטו־הודו־אירופית
(próto-hódu-eirópit)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Hindi:
आदिम-भारोपीय
(ādim-bhāropīya)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Hindi:
आदिम-हिन्द-यूरोपीय
(ādim-hind-yūropīya)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Hungarian:
indoeurópai alapnyelv
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Icelandic:
frumindóevrópska
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Interlingua:
proto-indoeuropeo
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Irish:
Próta-Ind-Eorpais
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Italian:
protoindoeuropeo
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Japanese:
印欧祖語
(in'ō sogo)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Japanese:
インド・ヨーロッパ祖語
(indo-yōroppa sogo)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Korean:
인도유럽조어
(indoyureopjo'eo)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Korean:
원시인구어
(wonsiin'gueo)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Latin:
lingua indogermanica
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Latin:
lingua prisca indoeuropaea
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Lithuanian:
indoeuropiečių prokalbė
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Macedonian:
праиндоевропски јазик
(praindoevropski jazik)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Norwegian:
protoindoeuropeisk
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Norwegian Bokmål:
urindoeuropeisk
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Norwegian Nynorsk:
urindoeuropeisk
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Persian:
نیاهندواروپایی
(niyâ-hendo-orupâyi)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Polish:
język praindoeuropejski
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Portuguese:
protoindo-europeu
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Romanian:
limba proto-indo-europeană
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Romanian:
stră-indoeuropeană
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Russian:
праиндоевропе́йский язы́к
(praindojevropéjskij jazýk)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Serbo-Croatian:
proto-indo-europski
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Slovak:
praindoeurópčina
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Slovene:
praindoevropščina
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Spanish:
protoindoeuropeo
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Swedish:
urindoeuropeiska
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Swedish:
protoindoeuropeiska
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Swedish:
indoeuropeiska urspråket
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Turkish:
Proto-Hint-Avrupaca
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Ukrainian:
праіндоєвропе́йська
(praindojevropéjsʹka)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Urdu:
اَوَّلِی ہِنْد یُورَپِی
(avvalī-hind-yūrapī)
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Welsh:
Proto-Indo-Ewropeg
— ancestor language of most European and Indian languages
Dutch:
Proto-Indo-Europeaan
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
French:
Indo-européen
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
French:
Indoeuropéen
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Georgian:
პროტოინდოევროპელი
(ṗroṭoindoevroṗeli)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Georgian:
წინარეინდოევროპელი
(c̣inareindoevroṗeli)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
German:
Urindogermane
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Hindi:
आदिम-हिन्द-यूरोपीय
(ādim-hind-yūropīya)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Hindi:
आदिम-भारोपीय
(ādim-bhāropīya)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Hungarian:
indoeurópai
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Irish:
Próta-Ind-Eorpach
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Lithuanian:
indoeuropietis
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Lithuanian:
indoeuropietė
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Macedonian:
Праиндоевропе́ец
(Praindoevropéec)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Persian:
نیاهندواروپاییزبان
(niyâ-hendo-orupâyi-zabân)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Polish:
Praindoeuropejczyk
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Polish:
Praindoeuropejka
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Romanian:
indoeuropean
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Romanian:
indoeuropeană
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Russian:
праиндоевропе́ец
(praindojevropéjec)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Slovene:
Praindoevropejec
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Spanish:
protoindoeuropeo
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Turkish:
Proto-Hint-Avrupalı
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Ukrainian:
праіндоєвропе́єць
(praindojevropéjecʹ)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Ukrainian:
праіндоєвропе́йка
(praindojevropéjka)
— person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language
Real reading context
Proto-Indo-European in complete knowledge articles
