Standard Lemma guide

ptarmigan

noun · 2 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈtɑːmɪɡən/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Any of three species of small grouse in the genus Lagopus found in subarctic tundra areas of North America and Eurasia.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

large Arctic and subarctic grouse with feathered feet and usually white winter plumage

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: grouse

Narrower terms: red grouse, moorfowl, moorbird, moor-bird, moorgame, Lagopus scoticus

History

Etymology

From Scottish Gaelic tarmachan, of unknown origin. The pt- comes from a mistaken belief in a Greek origin, as if related to ptero- (“wing”).

Across languages

Translations

49 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Aleut: agdiikax — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Bulgarian: бяла яребица (bjala jarebica) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Chinese Mandarin: 鷓鴣 /鹧鸪 (zhègū) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Chinese Mandarin: 雷鳥 /雷鸟 (léiniǎo) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Cornish: tarmagan — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Montagnais: uapineu — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Czech: bělokur — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Danish: fjeldrype — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Dutch: sneeuwhoen — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Faroese: fjallarýpa — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Faroese: rýpa — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Finnish: kiiruna — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • French: ptarmigan — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • French: lagopède — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • German: Schneehuhn — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Greek: βουνοχιονόκοτα (vounochionókota) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Greenlandic: aqisseq — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Hungarian: hófajd — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Icelandic: rjúpa — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Indonesian: ayam salju — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Inuktitut: ᐊᕿᒡᒋᖅ (aqicciq) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Irish: tarmachan — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Japanese: 雷鳥 (raichō) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Lombard: Runcàs — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Norwegian Bokmål: rype — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: rype — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Polish: pardwa — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Portuguese: lagópode — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Portuguese: lagopo — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Romanian: cocoș polar — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Romanian: ptarmigan — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Romanian: potârniche albă — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Russian: бе́лая куропа́тка (bélaja kuropátka) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Russian: тундря́ная куропа́тка (tundrjánaja kuropátka) — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Inari-Sami: kiärun — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Lule-Sami: gierun — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Northern Sami: giron — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Skolt-Sami: ǩeâram — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Southern Sami: gïerene — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Scottish Gaelic: tarmachan — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Serbo-Croatian: snežnica — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Slovak: tetrov obyčajný — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Spanish: lagópodo — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Spanish: perdiz nival — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Swedish: ripa — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Tlingit: xh'eis'awáa — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Volapük: nifagok — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Welsh: grugiar — a small grouse, Lagopus
  • Yup'ik: qangqiiq — a small grouse, Lagopus