Standard Lemma guide

quaternion

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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  • UK: /kwəˈtɜːni.ən/
  • US: /kwɑˈtɜɹniɑn/
  • US: /kwə-/
  • US: /-ən/

1

noun

Meaning 1

A group or set of four people or things.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A word of four syllables.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A type of four-dimensional hypercomplex number consisting of a real part and three imaginary parts (real multiples of distinct, independent square roots of −1 denoted by i, j and k); commonly used in vector mathematics and as an alternative to matrix algebra in calculating the rotation of three-dimensional objects.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: four, 4, IV, tetrad, quatern, quaternary, quaternity, quartet, quadruplet, foursome, Little Joe

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: digit, figure

History

Etymology

From Middle English quaterniǒun, from Late Latin quaterniō, from quaternī (“four each”) + -iō, from quater (“four times”). Doublet of kern. The mathematics sense was coined by Irish mathematician and astronomer William Rowan Hamilton in 1843.

Across languages

Translations

18 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: кватернион (kvaternion) — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Catalan: quaternió — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Czech: kvaternion — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Dutch: quaternion — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Finnish: kvaternio — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • French: quaternion — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • German: Quaternion — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Greek: τετραδόνιο (tetradónio) — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Greek: τετράνιο (tetránio) — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Hindi: चतुष्टयी (catuṣṭayī) — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Icelandic: fertala — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Italian: quaternione — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Japanese: 四元数 (shigensū) — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Latin: quaternio — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Polish: kwaternion — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Portuguese: quaternião — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Russian: кватернион (kvaternion) — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
  • Spanish: cuaternión — a four-dimensional hypercomplex number
Real reading context

quaternion in complete knowledge articles