rake

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• General-American, Received-Pronunciation: /ɹeɪk/
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• General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• rhymes with -eɪk
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• homophone: raik
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• CMU ARPABET: R EY1 K Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English rake [and other forms], from Old English raca, racu, ræce (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Germanic *rakō, *rekô (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Indo-European *h3reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”). Cognates The English word is cognate with Danish rage (chiefly regional), Middle Dutch rāke, rēke (modern Dutch raak, reek (both regional), riek (“pitchfork, rake”)), Middle Low German rāke, racke (modern German Low German Raak (“rake; poker”)), Old High German rehho, rech (Middle High German reche, modern German Rechen (“rake”)), Old Norse reka (“shovel”) (modern Icelandic reka (“shovel”)), Old Saxon recho, Old Swedish raka (modern Swedish raka (“rake; (long) straight section of a road”)).

The verb is partly derived from rake (“tool with a row of pointed teeth”) (see etymology 1) and from Middle English raken (“to rake; to gather by raking; to rake away (debris); to cover with something; (figurative) to conceal, hide; to destroy”) [and other forms], from Old Norse raka (“to scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *raką, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h3reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”). Cognates The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch rāken (modern Dutch raken (“to rake”) (regional)), Middle Low German rāken, Old Danish raghæ, rakæ (modern Danish rage (“to shave”)), Old Swedish raka (modern Swedish raka (“to rake; to shave”)). The noun is derived from the verb.

From Middle English rake, rakke (“pass, path, track; type of fencing thrust; pasture land (?)”), and then partly: * probably from Old English racu (“bed of a stream; path; account, narrative; explanation; argument, reasoning; reason”) (compare Old English hrace, hraca, hracu (“gorge”)), from Proto-Germanic *rakō (“path, track; course, direction; an unfolding, unwinding; account, narrative; argument, reasoning”) [and other forms], from Proto-Indo-European *h3reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”); and * from Old Norse rák (“strip; stripe; furrow; small mountain ravine”), further etymology uncertain but probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rakō, as above. Cognates The English word is cognate with Icelandic rák (“streak, stripe; notch in a rock; vein in stone or wood”), Norwegian råk (“channel (in ice); cow path; trail”), Norwegian Nynorsk råk (“channel (in ice); cow path; trail; furrow; stripe”), Swedish råk (“crack or channel in ice; river valley”); and probably cognate with Old Danish rag (modern Danish rag (“stiff; taut”) (regional)), Old Norse rakr (“straight”), Swedish rak (“straight”).

The verb is derived from Middle English raken (“to go, proceed; to move quickly, hasten, rush; to roam, wander”) [and other forms], from Old English racian (“to go forward, move, run; to hasten; to take a course or direction; to control, direct, govern, rule”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakōn (“to take a course or direction; to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h3reǵ- (“to straighten; to direct oneself”). Cognates The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), Old High German rahhōn (“to narrate, speak”), and probably Swedish raka (“to rush off”). The noun is derived from the verb.

The origin of the verb is uncertain. The noun is probably derived from the verb. possibly related terms * German ragen (“to rise up out of; to jut or stick out”), from Middle High German ragen (compare Middle Dutch rāgen, Middle Low German rāgen), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h1erǵh- (“to go up, rise”); and * Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), from Proto-Germanic *rakōną (“to take a course or direction; to run”) (see further at etymology 4).

The noun is a clipping of rakehell (“(archaic) lewd or wanton person, debauchee, rake”), from to rake (out) hell (“to search through hell thoroughly”), in the sense of a person so evil or immoral that they cannot be found in hell even after an extensive search: see rake (“to search through (thoroughly)”). The verb is derived from the noun.

285 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Ahtna: uʼeł kodzoghi — garden tool
• Albanian: grabujë — garden tool
• Albanian: rashqel — garden tool
• Southern Altai: тырмууш (tïrmuuš) — garden tool
• Arabic: مِدَمَّة (midamma) — garden tool
• Arabic: مُشْط (mušṭ) — garden tool
• Arabic: مِشْط (mišṭ) — garden tool
• Arabic: مَشْط (mašṭ) — garden tool
• Armenian: փոցխ (pʻocʻx) — garden tool
• Assamese: জবকা (zoboka) — garden tool
• Assamese: জবকিয়া (zobokia) — garden tool
• Azerbaijani: dırmıq — garden tool
• Bashkir: тырма (tırma) — garden tool
• Basque: are — garden tool
• Belarusian: гра́блі (hrábli) — garden tool
• Central Bikol: kagkag — garden tool
• Bulgarian: гребло́ (grebló) — garden tool
• Burmese: ဂျုတ် (gyut) — garden tool
• Burmese: ထွန်ခြစ် (htwanhkrac) — garden tool
• Carpathian Rusyn: граблї (hrablji) — garden tool
• Catalan: rampí — garden tool
• Catalan: rasclet — garden tool
• Chinese Mandarin: 耙 (pá) — garden tool
• Chinese Mandarin: 耙子 (pázi) — garden tool
• Czech: hrábě — garden tool
• Danish: rive — garden tool
• Dutch: hark — garden tool
• Dutch: gritsel — garden tool
• Esperanto: rastilo — garden tool
• Estonian: reha — garden tool
• Faroese: ríva — garden tool
• Finnish: harava — garden tool
• French: râteau — garden tool
• Galician: angazo — garden tool
• Galician: anciño — garden tool
• Georgian: ფოცხი (pocxi) — garden tool
• German: Rechen — garden tool
• German: Harke — garden tool
• Greek: τσουγκράνα (tsougkrána) — garden tool
• Ancient Greek: ἀγρίφη (agríphē) — garden tool
• Hebrew: מַגְרֵפָה (magrefá) — garden tool
• Hindi: जेली (jelī) — garden tool
• Hungarian: gereblye — garden tool
• Icelandic: hrífa — garden tool
• Ingrian: harava — garden tool
• Ingrian: haro — garden tool
• Irish: ráca — garden tool
• Italian: rastrello — garden tool
• Japanese: 熊手 (kumade) — garden tool
• Kalmyk: мааҗур (maajur) — garden tool
• Karachay-Balkar: бахса (baxsa) — garden tool
• Karachay-Balkar: басха (basxa) — garden tool
• Kazakh: тырма (tyrma) — garden tool
• Kazakh: тырнауыш (tyrnauyş) — garden tool
• Khakas: тырбос (tırbos) — garden tool
• Khmer: រនាស់ (rɔɔrɔnŏəh) — garden tool
• Korean: 갈퀴 (galkwi) — garden tool
• Kumyk: тырнавуч (tırnawuç) — garden tool
• Kyrgyz: тырмооч (tırmooc) — garden tool
• Kyrgyz: тырмоо (tırmoo) — garden tool
• Ladin: restel — garden tool
• Lao: ຄາດ (khāt) — garden tool
• Latgalian: gruobeklis — garden tool
• Latin: rāstellus — garden tool
• Latin: rāstrum — garden tool
• Latvian: grābeklis — garden tool
• Lithuanian: grėblys — garden tool
• Lü: ᦵᦕᦲ (ṗhoe) — garden tool
• Lü: ᦃᦸᦉᦱᧂ (ẋoaṡaang) — garden tool
• Lü: ᦃᦸᦊᧂᧈ (ẋoaẏang1) — garden tool
• Lun Bawang: akap — garden tool
• Luxembourgish: Reech — garden tool
• Macedonian: гребло (greblo) — garden tool
• Malay: garu — garden tool
• Malayalam: വരണ്ടി (varaṇṭi) — garden tool
• Māori: rakaraka — garden tool
• Māori: rakuraku — garden tool
• Mongolian: тармуур (tarmuur) — garden tool
• Norman: râté — garden tool
• Norwegian Bokmål: rive — garden tool
• Norwegian Nynorsk: rive — garden tool
• Occitan: rastèl — garden tool
• Old English: raca — garden tool
• Pannonian Rusyn: граблї (hrablji) — garden tool
• Pannonian Rusyn: грабелки (hrabelki) — garden tool
• Persian: شنکش (šen-keš) — garden tool
• Plautdietsch: Hoakj — garden tool
• Polish: grabie — garden tool
• Portuguese: rastel — garden tool
• Portuguese: rastelo — garden tool
• Portuguese: ancinho — garden tool
• Romanian: greblă — garden tool
• Russian: гра́бли (grábli) — garden tool
• Saisiyat: 'a'amar — garden tool
• Serbo-Croatian: гра̏буље — garden tool
• Serbo-Croatian: гра̏бље — garden tool
• Serbo-Croatian: grȁbulje — garden tool
• Serbo-Croatian: grȁblje — garden tool
• Shor: тарбаш (tarbaş) — garden tool
• Slovak: hrable — garden tool
• Slovene: grablje — garden tool
• Spanish: rastrillo — garden tool
• Spanish: angazo — garden tool
• Swahili: reki — garden tool
• Swedish: raka — garden tool
• Swedish: kratta — garden tool
• Swedish: räfsa — garden tool
• Tagalog: kalaykay — garden tool
• Tajik: хаскашак (xaskašak) — garden tool
• Tarifit: tazzart — garden tool
• Tatar: тырма (tırma) — garden tool
• Tatar: тырмавыч (tırmawıç) — garden tool
• Thai: คราด (krâat) — garden tool
• Turkish: tırmık — garden tool
• Ottoman Turkish: طرمیق (tırmık) — garden tool
• Ottoman Turkish: طراق (tarak) — garden tool
• Turkmen: dyrmyk — garden tool
• Ukrainian: гра́блі (hrábli) — garden tool
• Uyghur: تىرنا (tirna) — garden tool
• Uzbek: tirma — garden tool
• Uzbek: xaskash — garden tool
• Vietnamese: bồ cào — garden tool
• Vietnamese: bừa cỏ — garden tool
• Vietnamese: bù cào — garden tool
• Vietnamese: cào — garden tool
• Walloon: rustea — garden tool
• Welsh: rhaca — garden tool
• Welsh: cribin — garden tool
• Yakut: кыраабыл (kïraabïl) — garden tool
• Zhuang: rauq — garden tool
• Bulgarian: бра́на (brána) — similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by horse or tractor
• Finnish: harava — similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by horse or tractor
• Finnish: heinäharava — similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by horse or tractor
• German: Schwader — similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by horse or tractor
• Serbo-Croatian: grablje — similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by horse or tractor
• Serbo-Croatian: grabulje — similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by horse or tractor
• Czech: hrabání — act of raking
• Finnish: haravointi — act of raking
• Czech: hrabanka — something that is raked
• Finnish: osuus — share of profits, etc., especially if obtained illegally
• Finnish: palkkio — scaled commission fee taken by a cardroom operating a poker game
• Finnish: polku — narrow and steep path or route up a hillside
• Macedonian: па́тека (páteka) — narrow and steep path or route up a hillside
• Bulgarian: композиция (kompozicija) — set of coupled rail vehicles
• Finnish: jono — set of coupled rail vehicles
• French: rame — set of coupled rail vehicles
• German: Wagenzug — set of coupled rail vehicles
• Hungarian: szerelvény — set of coupled rail vehicles
• Italian: convoglio — set of coupled rail vehicles
• Polish: skład — set of coupled rail vehicles
• Swedish: vagnsätt — set of coupled rail vehicles
• Finnish: tehdas — puffer that emits a stream of spaceships
• Bulgarian: наклон (naklon) — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Finnish: kallistuma — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Finnish: kaltevuus — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Hungarian: dőlés — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Hungarian: dőlésszög — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Latin: inclinatitas — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Macedonian: на́клон (náklon) — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Russian: уклон (uklon) — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Russian: наклон (naklon) — divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular — see also slant, slope
• Finnish: työstökulma — rake angle — see also rake angle
• French: angle de chasse — rake angle — see also rake angle
• French: dépouille — rake angle — see also rake angle
• Estonian: kalle — (geology) direction of slip
• Finnish: siirroksen suunta — (geology) direction of slip
• Finnish: kaltevuus — slant that causes the bow or stern of a watercraft to extend beyond the keel
• Finnish: kallistus — slant of some other part of a watercraft away from the perpendicular
• Finnish: pääty — sloped edge of a roof
• Italian: bordo spiovente — sloped edge of a roof
• Bulgarian: женкар (ženkar) — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Bulgarian: донжуан (donžuan) — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Danish: fusentast — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Dutch: losbol — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Finnish: pelimies — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Finnish: elostelija — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• French: fumiste — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• German: Lebemann — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• German: Windhund — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Hungarian: élvhajhász — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Hungarian: kujon — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Italian: buono a nulla — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Italian: dissoluto — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Italian: scapestrato — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Italian: sciagurato — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Latin: asōtus — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Macedonian: ра́звратник (rázvratnik) — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Portuguese: libertino — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Spanish: calavera — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Vietnamese: kẻ/người phóng đãng — person who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct
• Arabic: يجمع الحشائش — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Arabic: قذائف مكثفَة — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Arabic: يسرح الشعر\الحشائش — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Assamese: লোৰোক (lürük) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Bulgarian: събирам с гребло (sǎbiram s greblo) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Catalan: rampinar — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Chinese Mandarin: 耙 (pá) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Czech: hrabat — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Dutch: rakelen — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Dutch: gritselen — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Dutch: harken — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Esperanto: rasti — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Estonian: rehitsema — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Finnish: haravoida — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• French: ratisser — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Galician: anciñar — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Galician: angazar — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Georgian: მოფოცხვა (mopocxva) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• German: rechen — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• German: harken — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Greek: τσουγκρανίζω (tsougkranízo) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Hungarian: gereblyéz — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Hungarian: összegereblyéz — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Ingrian: haravoija — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Italian: rastrellare — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Korean: 갈퀴다 (galkwida) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Ladin: restlé — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Latgalian: kast — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Latvian: grābt — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Lithuanian: grėbti — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Māori: rakaraka — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Māori: rakuraku — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Polish: grabić — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Polish: zgarniać — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Polish: zgrabić — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Portuguese: rastelar — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Romanian: grebla — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Russian: сгребать (sgrebatʹ) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Russian: собирать (sobiratʹ) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Slovene: grabiti — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Spanish: rastrillar — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Swedish: raka — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Swedish: kratta — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Swedish: räfsa — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Tày: bóp — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Ottoman Turkish: طرمیقلامق (tırmıklamak) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Ottoman Turkish: طرامق (taramak) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Vietnamese: bừa — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Yakut: харбаа (qarbaa) — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Zhuang: rauq — to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
• Finnish: vetää — to drag or pull in a certain direction
• Finnish: raahata — to drag or pull in a certain direction
• Finnish: raapia — to claw at; to scrape, to scratch — see also scrape, scratch
• Finnish: tuoda ilmi — to bring up or uncover (something)
• Finnish: paljastaa — to bring up or uncover (something)
• Bulgarian: ровя се (rovja se) — to search through (thoroughly)
• Dutch: uitkammen — to search through (thoroughly)
• Finnish: käydä läpi — to search through (thoroughly)
• Finnish: koluta — to search through (thoroughly)
• Finnish: syynätä tarkkaan — to search through (thoroughly)
• Finnish: haravoida — to search through (thoroughly)
• French: fouiller — to search through (thoroughly)
• French: passer au peigne fin — to search through (thoroughly)
• Galician: buscar — to search through (thoroughly)
• German: durchkämmen — to search through (thoroughly)
• Hungarian: átfésül — to search through (thoroughly)
• Hungarian: átkutat — to search through (thoroughly)
• Hungarian: kutat — to search through (thoroughly)
• Italian: rastrellare — to search through (thoroughly)
• Italian: ispezionare — to search through (thoroughly)
• Korean: 훑다 (hulda) — to search through (thoroughly)
• Polish: przeczesywać — to search through (thoroughly)
• Portuguese: varrer — to search through (thoroughly)
• Russian: прочёсывать (pročósyvatʹ) — to search through (thoroughly)
• Russian: прочеса́ть (pročesátʹ) — to search through (thoroughly)
• Swedish: finkamma — to search through (thoroughly)
• Swedish: raka — to search through (thoroughly)
• Swedish: rafsa — to search through (thoroughly)
• Finnish: kulkea edestakaisin — to move across (something) with a long side-to-side motion
• Finnish: liikuttaa edestakaisin — to move across (something) with a long side-to-side motion
• Finnish: tulittaa edestakaisin — to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion
• Finnish: pippuroida — to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion
• French: arroser — to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion
• Italian: mitragliare — to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion
• Polish: ostrzeliwać — to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion
• Swedish: peppra — to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion
• Bulgarian: наклонявам (naklonjavam) — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Finnish: kallistaa — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Finnish: kallistua — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Hungarian: dől — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Hungarian: lejt — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Latin: inclino — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Russian: наклонить (naklonitʹ) — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Russian: отклонить (otklonitʹ) — to incline (something) from a perpendicular direction
• Finnish: kallistaa — to provide (the bow or stern of a watercraft) with a rake