noun · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
/ˈɹæn.dəm.nəs/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
CMU ARPABET:R AE1 N D AH0 M N AH0 S
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
noun
Meaning 1
The property of all possible outcomes being equally likely.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: uncountable, usually
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
noun
Meaning 2
A type of circumstance or event that is described by a probability distribution.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: uncountable, usually
Topics: mathematics, sciences
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
noun
Meaning 3
A measure of the lack of purpose, logic, or objectivity of an event.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: uncountable, usually
Examples
There was no randomness in the teacher's selection of the class representative.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
4
noun
Meaning 4
the quality of lacking any predictable order or plan
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: haphazardness, stochasticity, noise
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: irregularity, unregularity
Narrower terms: ergodicity
5
noun
Meaning 5
(thermodynamics) a thermodynamic quantity representing the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for doing mechanical work
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
entropy increases as matter and energy in the universe degrade to an ultimate state of inert uniformity
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: entropy, S
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: physical property
Narrower terms: conformational entropy
History
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h3er- Proto-Indo-European *h3reyH-der. Proto-Germanic *rinnaną Proto-West Germanic *rinnan Frankish *randijubor. Old French randirder. Old French randonbor. Middle English randoun English randon English random Proto-Germanic *-in- Proto-Indo-European *-h2 Proto-Indo-European *-éh2 Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh2yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h2ti Proto-Germanic *-ōną Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English randomness From random + -ness.
Across languages
Translations
20 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Chinese Mandarin:
隨機性 /随机性
(suíjīxìng)
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Czech:
náhodnost
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
French:
hasard
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
German:
Zufälligkeit
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Irish:
randamacht
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Polish:
losowość
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Portuguese:
aleatoriedade
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Slovak:
náhodnosť
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Thai:
ความไม่มีแบบแผน
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Thai:
การคาดเดาไม่ได้
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
Thai:
การทํานายไม่ได้
— property of all possible outcomes being equally likely
French:
aléatoire
— type of circumstance or event that is described by a probability distribution
French:
aléa
— type of circumstance or event that is described by a probability distribution
French:
hasard
— type of circumstance or event that is described by a probability distribution
Irish:
randamacht
— type of circumstance or event that is described by a probability distribution
Slovak:
náhodnosť
— type of circumstance or event that is described by a probability distribution
Swedish:
slumpmässighet
— type of circumstance or event that is described by a probability distribution
Czech:
nahodilost
— measure of the lack of purpose, logic, or objectivity of an event
Czech:
libovolnost
— measure of the lack of purpose, logic, or objectivity of an event
Slovak:
náhodnosť
— measure of the lack of purpose, logic, or objectivity of an event