Standard Lemma guide

rarefy

verb · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈɹɛəɹəˌfaɪ/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: R EH1 R AH0 F AY0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

verb

Meaning 1

To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To become rare, thin or less dense.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

weaken the consistency of (a chemical substance)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: attenuate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: weaken

4

verb

Meaning 4

make more subtle or refined

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: sublimate, subtilize

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: change, alter, modify

5

verb

Meaning 5

lessen the density or solidity of

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The bones are rarefied

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: change, alter, modify

History

Etymology

From Middle English rarefien, from Old French rarefier (French raréfier), from Latin rarefacere (“make rare”). By surface analysis, rare + -fy.

Across languages

Translations

46 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Belarusian: разрэ́джваць (razrédžvacʹ) — to make rare etc.
  • Belarusian: разрэ́дзіць (razrédzicʹ) — to make rare etc.
  • Bengali: তরল বা পাতলা করা (torol ba patola kora) — to make rare etc.
  • Bulgarian: разреждам (razreždam) — to make rare etc.
  • Catalan: enrarir — to make rare etc.
  • Finnish: harventaa — to make rare etc.
  • Finnish: ohentaa — to make rare etc.
  • French: raréfier — to make rare etc.
  • German: verdünnen — to make rare etc.
  • German: evakuieren — to make rare etc.
  • German: rarefizieren — to make rare etc.
  • German: verfeinern — to make rare etc.
  • German: selektieren — to make rare etc.
  • German: ausdünnen — to make rare etc.
  • German: expandieren — to make rare etc.
  • Italian: rarefare — to make rare etc.
  • Latin: rārēfaciō — to make rare etc.
  • Māori: whakaonge — to make rare etc.
  • Polish: rozcieńczać — to make rare etc.
  • Polish: rozcieńczyć — to make rare etc.
  • Polish: rozrzedzać — to make rare etc.
  • Polish: rozrzedzić — to make rare etc.
  • Portuguese: rarefazer — to make rare etc.
  • Romanian: rarefia — to make rare etc.
  • Russian: разрежа́ть (razrežátʹ) — to make rare etc.
  • Russian: разреди́ть (razredítʹ) — to make rare etc.
  • Slovene: razredčiti — to make rare etc.
  • Spanish: rarificar — to make rare etc.
  • Spanish: enrarecer — to make rare etc.
  • Spanish: rarefacer (disused) — to make rare etc.
  • Spanish: rarear — to make rare etc.
  • Swedish: förtunna — to make rare etc.
  • Ukrainian: розрі́джувати (rozrídžuvaty) — to make rare etc.
  • Ukrainian: розріди́ти (rozridýty) — to make rare etc.
  • Bulgarian: раздувам (razduvam) — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Finnish: harventaa — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Finnish: ohentaa — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • German: aufblasen — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • German: verlängern — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • German: expandieren — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Polish: rafinować — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Polish: zrafinować — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Spanish: rarear — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Spanish: rarificarse — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Spanish: enrarecerse — to enlarge without adding new matter
  • Spanish: rarefacerse (disused) — to enlarge without adding new matter