rear

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• Australian, Received-Pronunciation: /ˈɹɪə/
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• Australian, Received-Pronunciation: [ˈɹwɪə̯]
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• British, Southern, Standard: /ˈɹɪː/
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• British, Southern, Standard: /ˈɹɪjə/
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• New-Zealand: /ˈɹiə/
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• /ˈɹɛː/ East Anglia, cheer–chair merger
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• General-American: /ˈɹɪɚ/
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• General-American: [ˈɹwɪɚ] ~ [ˈɹwɪɹ̩]
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• General-American: /ˈɹiɚ/
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• General-American: [ˈɹiɚ] ~ [ˈɹiɹ̩]
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Scotland: /ˈɾiɾ/
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• Scotland: [ˈɾiːɾ]
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• rhymes with -ɪə(ɹ)
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• homophone: rare (cheer–chair merger)
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• CMU ARPABET: R IH1 R Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English rere, from Anglo-Norman rere, ultimately from Latin retro. Compare arrear. Doublet of retro.

From Middle English rere, from Old English hrēr, hrēre (“not thoroughly cooked, underdone, lightly boiled”), from hrēran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōzijaną (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱroHs- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Related to Old English hrōr (“stirring, busy, active, strong, brave”), Dutch roeren (“to stir, shake, whip”), German rühren (“to stir, beat, move”), Swedish röra (“to touch, move, stir”), Icelandic hræra (“to stir”).

From Middle English reren (“to raise”), from Old English rǣran (“to raise, set upright, promote, exalt, begin, create, give rise to, excite, rouse, arouse, stir up”), from Proto-West Germanic *raiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *raizijaną, *raisijaną (“to cause to rise, raise”), from Proto-Indo-European *h1rey- (“to lift oneself, rise”). Cognate with Scots rere (“to construct, build, rear”), Icelandic reisa (“to raise”), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (raisjan, “to cause to rise, lift up, establish”), German reisen (“to travel”, literally “to rear up and depart”); and a doublet of raise. More at rise. Related to rise and raise, which is used for several of its now archaic or obsolete senses and for some of its senses that are currently more common in other dialects of English.

From Middle English reren, from Old English hrēran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōzijaną (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱroHs- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Cognate with Dutch roeren (“to stir, shake, whip”), German rühren (“to stir, beat, move”), Swedish röra (“to touch, move, stir”), Icelandic hræra (“to stir”).

237 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Arabic: خَلْفِيّ (ḵalfiyy) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Belarusian: за́дні (zádni) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Belarusian: ты́льны (týlʹny) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Bulgarian: за́ден (záden) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Chinese Mandarin: 後面的 /后面的 (hòumian de) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Czech: zadní — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Dutch: achter — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Finnish: taka- — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• French: arrière — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• French: postérieur — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• German: hinter- — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Greek: πισινός (pisinós) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Ancient Greek: ὀπίσθιος (opísthios) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Hungarian: hátulsó — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Hungarian: hátsó — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Italian: retro — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Italian: posteriore — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Japanese: 後ろの (ushiro no) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Japanese: 後方の (kōhō no) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Korean: 뒤의 (dwiui) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Korean: 배후의 (baehuui) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Latin: postīcus — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Lithuanian: užpakalinis — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Lithuanian: galinis — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Macedonian: заден (zaden) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Norman: arriéthe — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Norwegian Bokmål: bakre — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Norwegian Nynorsk: bakre — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Polabian: aχterskă — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Polish: zadni — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Polish: tylny — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Portuguese: traseiro — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Portuguese: posterior — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Russian: за́дний (zádnij) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Russian: ты́льный (týlʹnyj) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Russian: хвостово́й (xvostovój) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Serbo-Croatian: за̏дњӣ — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Serbo-Croatian: zȁdnjī — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Slovak: zadný — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Slovene: zadnji — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Spanish: trasero — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Swedish: bakre — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Turkish: arka — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Ukrainian: за́дній (zádnij) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Ukrainian: ти́льний (týlʹnyj) — being behind, or in the hindmost part
• Afar: sarra — the back or hindmost part
• Armenian: ետեւ (etew) — the back or hindmost part
• Armenian: հետեւ (hetew) — the back or hindmost part
• Bangi: mbisa — the back or hindmost part
• Bulgarian: задна част (zadna čast) — the back or hindmost part
• Chinese Mandarin: 後面 /后面 (hòumian) — the back or hindmost part
• Danish: bagdel — the back or hindmost part
• Dutch: achterste — the back or hindmost part
• Dutch: achterkant — the back or hindmost part
• Finnish: takaosa — the back or hindmost part
• Finnish: perä — the back or hindmost part
• Finnish: peräpää — the back or hindmost part
• French: derrière — the back or hindmost part
• German: Hinterseite — the back or hindmost part
• Hungarian: hátsó — the back or hindmost part
• Hungarian: hátsó rész — the back or hindmost part
• Hungarian: hátsó fertály — the back or hindmost part
• Ingrian: perä — the back or hindmost part
• Italian: posteriore — the back or hindmost part
• Japanese: 後ろ (ushiro) — the back or hindmost part
• Japanese: 後方 (kōhō) — the back or hindmost part
• Korean: 배후 (baehu) — the back or hindmost part
• Lingala: mbisa — the back or hindmost part
• Lingala: mabeke — the back or hindmost part
• Māori: muri — the back or hindmost part
• Ngombe (Congo): mabeke — the back or hindmost part
• Norman: arriéthe — the back or hindmost part
• Pashto: شا (šâ) — the back or hindmost part
• Pashto: څټ (śëṭ) — the back or hindmost part
• Portuguese: traseira — the back or hindmost part
• Russian: за́дняя часть (zádnjaja častʹ) — the back or hindmost part
• Russian: за́дняя сторона́ (zádnjaja storoná) — the back or hindmost part
• Russian: зад (zad) — the back or hindmost part
• Russian: тыл (tɨɫ) — the back or hindmost part
• Saho: sarra — the back or hindmost part
• Spanish: parte posterior — the back or hindmost part
• Spanish: trasera — the back or hindmost part
• Spanish: zaga — the back or hindmost part
• Spanish: zaguera — the back or hindmost part
• Spanish: parte trasera — the back or hindmost part
• Spanish: parte de atrás — the back or hindmost part
• Tahitian: tohe — the back or hindmost part
• Ottoman Turkish: آرد (ard) — the back or hindmost part
• Armenian: թիկունք (tʻikunkʻ) — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Bulgarian: тил (til) — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Dutch: achterhoede — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Esperanto: ariero — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Finnish: selusta — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Finnish: takajoukko — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• French: arrière-garde — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• German: Nachhut — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Greek: οπισθοφυλακή (opisthofylakí) — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Hungarian: hátvéd — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Italian: retroguardia — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Japanese: しんがり (shingari) — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Māori: hiku — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Portuguese: retaguarda — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Portuguese: zaga — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Russian: тыл (tyl) — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Spanish: retaguardia — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Spanish: rezaga — the part of an army or fleet which comes last
• Bulgarian: задник (zadnik) — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Dutch: achtereind — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Dutch: achterste — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Dutch: achterwerk — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Finnish: peräpää — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• French: derrière — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Hungarian: utó- — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Hungarian: utolsó — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Italian: posteriore — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Italian: retro — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Italian: didietro — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Māori: kumu — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Portuguese: traseiro — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Portuguese: posterior — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Walloon: dirî — the posterior, butt(ocks)- only terms with directional notion
• Bulgarian: вдигам (vdigam) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Bulgarian: повдигам (povdigam) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Dutch: oprichten — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Dutch: verheffen — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Finnish: nostaa — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Finnish: kohottaa — to lift, raise etc. physically
• French: édifier — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Galician: erguer — to lift, raise etc. physically
• German: aufrichten — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Hungarian: felegyenesedik — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Hungarian: felágaskodik — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Hungarian: ágaskodik — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Irish: tóg — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Italian: sollevare — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Italian: elevare — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Japanese: 育てる (sodateru) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Portuguese: erguer — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Portuguese: levantar — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Portuguese: alçar — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Portuguese: criar — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Russian: поднима́ть (podnimátʹ) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Russian: подня́ть (podnjátʹ) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Russian: возвыша́ть (vozvyšátʹ) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Russian: возвы́сить (vozvýsitʹ) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Russian: возноси́ть (voznosítʹ) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Russian: вознести́ (voznestí) — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Scottish Gaelic: tog — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Spanish: erigir — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Vietnamese: nâng — to lift, raise etc. physically
• Bulgarian: възвисявам (vǎzvisjavam) — to lift spiritually
• Dutch: verheffen — to lift spiritually
• French: ériger — to lift spiritually
• Galician: erguer — to lift spiritually
• Italian: innalzare — to lift spiritually
• Portuguese: erguer — to lift spiritually
• Dutch: oprichten — to set up, construct
• Dutch: construeren — to set up, construct
• Finnish: pystyttää — to set up, construct
• Galician: erguer — to set up, construct
• Italian: edificare — to set up, construct
• Japanese: そびえ立つ (sobietatsu) — to set up, construct
• Portuguese: erguer — to set up, construct
• Portuguese: erigir — to set up, construct
• Portuguese: construir — to set up, construct
• Russian: возводи́ть (vozvodítʹ) — to set up, construct
• Russian: возвести́ (vozvestí) — to set up, construct
• Russian: воздвига́ть (vozdvigátʹ) — to set up, construct
• Russian: воздви́гнуть (vozdvígnutʹ) — to set up, construct
• Russian: сооружа́ть (sooružátʹ) — to set up, construct
• Russian: сооруди́ть (soorudítʹ) — to set up, construct
• Scottish Gaelic: tog — to set up, construct
• Spanish: construir — to set up, construct
• Bulgarian: отглеждам (otgleždam) — to bring up to maturity
• Czech: vychovat — to bring up to maturity
• Dutch: grootbrengen — to bring up to maturity
• Dutch: opvoeden — to bring up to maturity
• Ewe: nyi — to bring up to maturity
• Finnish: kasvattaa — to bring up to maturity
• French: élever — to bring up to maturity
• Galician: criar — to bring up to maturity
• German: aufziehen — to bring up to maturity
• German: erziehen — to bring up to maturity
• German: großziehen — to bring up to maturity
• Ancient Greek: τρέφω (tréphō) — to bring up to maturity
• Ido: edukar — to bring up to maturity
• Irish: tóg — to bring up to maturity
• Italian: crescere — to bring up to maturity
• Japanese: 育てる (sodateru) — to bring up to maturity
• Khmer: ចិញ្ចឹម (cəɲcəm) — to bring up to maturity
• Khmer: លៀង (liəŋ) — to bring up to maturity
• Central Kurdish: پێگەیشتن (pêgeyiştin) — to bring up to maturity
• Central Kurdish: پەروەردە کردن (perwerde kirdin) — to bring up to maturity
• Latvian: audzināt — to bring up to maturity
• Māori: whakatipu — to bring up to maturity
• Māori: whakatupu — to bring up to maturity
• Portuguese: criar — to bring up to maturity
• Russian: воспи́тывать (vospítyvatʹ) — to bring up to maturity
• Russian: воспита́ть (vospitátʹ) — to bring up to maturity
• Scottish Gaelic: tog — to bring up to maturity
• Spanish: criar — to bring up to maturity
• Vietnamese: nuôi nấng — to bring up to maturity
• Bulgarian: отглеждам (otgleždam) — to breed and raise
• Dutch: kweken — to breed and raise
• Finnish: kasvattaa — to breed and raise
• French: élever — to breed and raise
• Galician: criar — to breed and raise
• German: züchten — to breed and raise
• Ancient Greek: τρέφω (tréphō) — to breed and raise
• Ido: edukar — to breed and raise
• Irish: tóg — to breed and raise
• Italian: crescere — to breed and raise
• Japanese: 育てる (sodateru) — to breed and raise
• Japanese: 飼育する (shiiku suru) — to breed and raise
• Khmer: ចិញ្ចឹម (cəɲcəm) — to breed and raise
• Māori: whakatupu — to breed and raise
• Portuguese: criar — to breed and raise
• Russian: выра́щивать (vyráščivatʹ) — to breed and raise
• Russian: вы́растить (výrastitʹ) — to breed and raise
• Scottish Gaelic: tog — to breed and raise
• Spanish: criar — to breed and raise
• Vietnamese: nuôi — to breed and raise
• Bulgarian: изправям се на задни крака (izpravjam se na zadni kraka) — to rise on the hind legs
• Dutch: steigeren — to rise on the hind legs
• Esperanto: baŭmi — to rise on the hind legs
• Finnish: nousta takajaloilleen — to rise on the hind legs
• Georgian: ყალყზე დადგომა (q̇alq̇ze dadgoma) — to rise on the hind legs
• German: aufbäumen — to rise on the hind legs
• German: steigen — to rise on the hind legs
• Hungarian: ágaskodik — to rise on the hind legs
• Hungarian: felágaskodik — to rise on the hind legs
• Italian: sollevarsi — to rise on the hind legs
• Japanese: 後ろ足立ちする (ushiro-ashi-dachi suru) — to rise on the hind legs
• Māori: tānapu — to rise on the hind legs
• Polish: stanąć dęba — to rise on the hind legs
• Russian: встава́ть на дыбы́ (vstavátʹ na dybý) — to rise on the hind legs
• Russian: встать на дыбы́ (vstatʹ na dybý) — to rise on the hind legs