Standard Lemma guide

recalcitrant

adj · noun · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɹɪˈkæl.sɪ.tɹənt/
  • Australia: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: R IH0 K AE1 L S IH0 T R AH0 N T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey authority.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

adj

Meaning 2

Unwilling to cooperate socially.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adj

Meaning 3

Difficult to deal with or to operate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

adj

Meaning 4

Not viable for an extended period; damaged by drying or freezing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Qualifier: pollen; spores; pollen; spores

Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

A person who is recalcitrant.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

adjective satellite

Meaning 6

marked by stubborn resistance to authority

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the University suspended the most recalcitrant demonstrators

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

adjective satellite

Meaning 7

stubbornly resistant to authority or control

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a fractious animal that would not submit to the harness
  • a refractory child

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: fractious, refractory

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

Borrowed from French récalcitrant, in derived from Latin recalcitrāns, recalcitrantis, present participle of recalcitrō, recalcitrāre (“be disobedient, kick back [as a horse]”), from calx (“heel”), 1820s.

Across languages

Translations

98 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: непокорен (nepokoren) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Bulgarian: своеволен (svoevolen) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Chinese Cantonese: 桀驁不馴嘅 /桀骜不驯嘅 (git6 ngou4 bat1 seon4 ge3) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Chinese Mandarin: 桀驁不馴的 /桀骜不驯的 (jié'àobùxún de) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Czech: vzpurný — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Czech: vzdorovitý — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Dutch: weerbarstig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Dutch: weerspannig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Dutch: recalcitrant — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Esperanto: obstina — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Finnish: uppiniskainen — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Finnish: niskoitteleva — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • French: rebelle — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • French: récalcitrant — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • West-Frisian: dôfhûdich — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: widerspenstig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: störrisch — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: bockig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: aufsässig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: trotzig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: renitent — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: hartnäckig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: dickköpfig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • German: aufmüpfig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Hindi: अड़ियल (aṛiyal) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Hindi: दुर्दम्य (durdamya) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Hindi: बाग़ी (bāġī) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Icelandic: þverúðarfullur — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Italian: ricalcitrante — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Manx: neuwooiagh — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Marathi: दुर्दम्य (durdamya) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Nepali: दुर्दम्य (durdamya) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Norwegian: trassig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Odia: ଦୁର୍ଦମ୍ୟ (durdamya) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Persian: بَاغِی (bâġi) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Polish: krnąbrny — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Polish: nieposłuszny — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Russian: непоко́рный (nepokórnyj) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Russian: упо́рный (upórnyj) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Sanskrit: दुर्दम्य (durdamya) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Spanish: recalcitrante — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Spanish: contumaz — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Swedish: motspänstig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Swedish: motsträvig — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Swedish: svårkuvad — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Turkish: itaat etmez — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Turkish: serkeş — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Turkish: söz dinlemez — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Ukrainian: непокірний (nepokirnyj) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Ukrainian: неслухняний (nesluxnjanyj) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Urdu: بَاغِی (bāġī) — marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
  • Bulgarian: меудобен (meudoben) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Danish: genstridig — hard to deal with or operate
  • Danish: stædig — hard to deal with or operate
  • Dutch: koppig — hard to deal with or operate
  • Dutch: onhandelbaar — hard to deal with or operate
  • Dutch: tegenstrijdig — hard to deal with or operate
  • French: récalcitrant — hard to deal with or operate
  • Finnish: itsepintainen — hard to deal with or operate
  • West-Frisian: dôfhûdich — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: stur — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: eigensinnig — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: störrisch — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: unbequem — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: aufmüpfig — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: aufsässig — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: unkooperativ — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: hartnäckig — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: spröde — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: bockig — hard to deal with or operate
  • Hindi: अड़ियल (aṛiyal) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Hindi: दुर्दम्य (durdamya) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Hindi: बाग़ी (bāġī) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Icelandic: þrjóskur — hard to deal with or operate
  • Italian: ricalcitrante — hard to deal with or operate
  • Marathi: दुर्दम्य (durdamya) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Nepali: दुर्दम्य (durdamya) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Norwegian: gjenstridig — hard to deal with or operate
  • Odia: ଦୁର୍ଦମ୍ୟ (durdamya) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Persian: بَاغِی (bâġi) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Polish: uparty — hard to deal with or operate
  • Russian: сто́йкий (stójkij) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Russian: про́чный (próčnyj) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Spanish: recalcitrante, contumaz — hard to deal with or operate
  • Swedish: enveten — hard to deal with or operate
  • Swedish: hårdnackad — hard to deal with or operate
  • Swedish: svårkuvad — hard to deal with or operate
  • Turkish: aksi — hard to deal with or operate
  • Turkish: ters — hard to deal with or operate
  • Ukrainian: непіддатливий (nepiddatlyvyj) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Ukrainian: стійкий (stijkyj) — hard to deal with or operate
  • Urdu: بَاغِی (bāġī) — hard to deal with or operate
  • German: Dickkopf — A person who is recalcitrant
  • German: Querulant — A person who is recalcitrant
  • German: Trotzkopf — A person who is recalcitrant
  • German: Störer — A person who is recalcitrant
  • German: Störenfried — A person who is recalcitrant
  • Polish: uparciuch — A person who is recalcitrant