adj · noun · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
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/ɹɪˈkæl.sɪ.tɹənt/
Australia:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
CMU ARPABET:R IH0 K AE1 L S IH0 T R AH0 N T
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
adj
Meaning 1
Marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey authority.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
adj
Meaning 2
Unwilling to cooperate socially.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
adj
Meaning 3
Difficult to deal with or to operate.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
4
adj
Meaning 4
Not viable for an extended period; damaged by drying or freezing.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Qualifier: pollen; spores; pollen; spores
Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
5
noun
Meaning 5
A person who is recalcitrant.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
6
adjective satellite
Meaning 6
marked by stubborn resistance to authority
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
the University suspended the most recalcitrant demonstrators
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
7
adjective satellite
Meaning 7
stubbornly resistant to authority or control
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
a fractious animal that would not submit to the harness
a refractory child
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: fractious, refractory
Antonyms: none provided
History
Etymology
Borrowed from French récalcitrant, in derived from Latin recalcitrāns, recalcitrantis, present participle of recalcitrō, recalcitrāre (“be disobedient, kick back [as a horse]”), from calx (“heel”), 1820s.
Across languages
Translations
98 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Bulgarian:
непокорен
(nepokoren)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Bulgarian:
своеволен
(svoevolen)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Chinese Cantonese:
桀驁不馴嘅 /桀骜不驯嘅
(git6 ngou4 bat1 seon4 ge3)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Chinese Mandarin:
桀驁不馴的 /桀骜不驯的
(jié'àobùxún de)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Czech:
vzpurný
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Czech:
vzdorovitý
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Dutch:
weerbarstig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Dutch:
weerspannig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Dutch:
recalcitrant
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Esperanto:
obstina
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Finnish:
uppiniskainen
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Finnish:
niskoitteleva
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
French:
rebelle
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
French:
récalcitrant
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
West-Frisian:
dôfhûdich
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
widerspenstig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
störrisch
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
bockig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
aufsässig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
trotzig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
renitent
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
hartnäckig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
dickköpfig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
German:
aufmüpfig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Hindi:
अड़ियल
(aṛiyal)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Hindi:
दुर्दम्य
(durdamya)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Hindi:
बाग़ी
(bāġī)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Icelandic:
þverúðarfullur
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Italian:
ricalcitrante
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Manx:
neuwooiagh
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Marathi:
दुर्दम्य
(durdamya)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Nepali:
दुर्दम्य
(durdamya)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Norwegian:
trassig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Odia:
ଦୁର୍ଦମ୍ୟ
(durdamya)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Persian:
بَاغِی
(bâġi)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Polish:
krnąbrny
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Polish:
nieposłuszny
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Russian:
непоко́рный
(nepokórnyj)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Russian:
упо́рный
(upórnyj)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Sanskrit:
दुर्दम्य
(durdamya)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Spanish:
recalcitrante
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Spanish:
contumaz
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Swedish:
motspänstig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Swedish:
motsträvig
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Swedish:
svårkuvad
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Turkish:
itaat etmez
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Turkish:
serkeş
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Turkish:
söz dinlemez
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Ukrainian:
непокірний
(nepokirnyj)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Ukrainian:
неслухняний
(nesluxnjanyj)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Urdu:
بَاغِی
(bāġī)
— marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey figures of authority
Bulgarian:
меудобен
(meudoben)
— hard to deal with or operate
Danish:
genstridig
— hard to deal with or operate
Danish:
stædig
— hard to deal with or operate
Dutch:
koppig
— hard to deal with or operate
Dutch:
onhandelbaar
— hard to deal with or operate
Dutch:
tegenstrijdig
— hard to deal with or operate
French:
récalcitrant
— hard to deal with or operate
Finnish:
itsepintainen
— hard to deal with or operate
West-Frisian:
dôfhûdich
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
stur
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
eigensinnig
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
störrisch
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
unbequem
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
aufmüpfig
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
aufsässig
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
unkooperativ
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
hartnäckig
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
spröde
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
bockig
— hard to deal with or operate
Hindi:
अड़ियल
(aṛiyal)
— hard to deal with or operate
Hindi:
दुर्दम्य
(durdamya)
— hard to deal with or operate
Hindi:
बाग़ी
(bāġī)
— hard to deal with or operate
Icelandic:
þrjóskur
— hard to deal with or operate
Italian:
ricalcitrante
— hard to deal with or operate
Marathi:
दुर्दम्य
(durdamya)
— hard to deal with or operate
Nepali:
दुर्दम्य
(durdamya)
— hard to deal with or operate
Norwegian:
gjenstridig
— hard to deal with or operate
Odia:
ଦୁର୍ଦମ୍ୟ
(durdamya)
— hard to deal with or operate
Persian:
بَاغِی
(bâġi)
— hard to deal with or operate
Polish:
uparty
— hard to deal with or operate
Russian:
сто́йкий
(stójkij)
— hard to deal with or operate
Russian:
про́чный
(próčnyj)
— hard to deal with or operate
Spanish:
recalcitrante, contumaz
— hard to deal with or operate
Swedish:
enveten
— hard to deal with or operate
Swedish:
hårdnackad
— hard to deal with or operate
Swedish:
svårkuvad
— hard to deal with or operate
Turkish:
aksi
— hard to deal with or operate
Turkish:
ters
— hard to deal with or operate
Ukrainian:
непіддатливий
(nepiddatlyvyj)
— hard to deal with or operate
Ukrainian:
стійкий
(stijkyj)
— hard to deal with or operate
Urdu:
بَاغِی
(bāġī)
— hard to deal with or operate
German:
Dickkopf
— A person who is recalcitrant
German:
Querulant
— A person who is recalcitrant
German:
Trotzkopf
— A person who is recalcitrant
German:
Störer
— A person who is recalcitrant
German:
Störenfried
— A person who is recalcitrant