Standard Lemma guide

reciprocate

verb · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɹɪˈsɪpɹəˌkeɪt/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: R IH0 S IH1 P R AH0 K EY2 T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

verb

Meaning 1

To exchange two things, with both parties giving one thing and taking another thing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To give something else in response (where the "thing" may also be abstract, a feeling or action) To make a reciprocal gift.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • I gave them apples from my tree; they reciprocated with a pie and some apple jelly.
  • I simply couldn't accept such a gift without reciprocating.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To move backwards and forwards, like a piston.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • a reciprocating engine

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To counter, retort or retaliate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

alternate the direction of motion of

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the engine reciprocates the propeller

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: move

6

verb

Meaning 6

act, feel, or give mutually or in return

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • We always invite the neighbors and they never reciprocate!

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: act, move

Narrower terms: return

History

Etymology

From Latin recīprocātus, perfect passive participle of recīprocō (“to move back and forth”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from reciprocus (“back an forth, reciprocal, alternating”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix), itself possibly from a phrase such as reque proque (“back and forth”), from re- (“back”), prō (“forwards”) and -que (“and”). See also reciprocal. Compare French réciproquer.

Across languages

Translations

49 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: بَادَلَ (bādala) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Bulgarian: разменям (razmenjam) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Chinese Mandarin: 報答 /报答 (bàodá) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Chinese Mandarin: 往復 /往复 (wǎngfù) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Chinese Mandarin: 回報 /回报 (huíbào) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Finnish: vaihtaa — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • French: donner en retour — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • French: réciproquer — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • French: rendre la pareille — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Galician: corresponder — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Italian: reciprocare — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Japanese: 返す (kaesu) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Japanese: 交換する (kōkan-suru) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Portuguese: reciprocar — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Portuguese: trocar — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Russian: обмениваться (obmenivatʹsja) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Russian: отвеча́ть (otvečátʹ) — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Spanish: reciprocar — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Spanish: corresponder — to mutually give and take something; to interchange
  • Arabic: تَبَادَلَ (tabādala) — to give something in response
  • Arabic: رَدَّ (radda) — to give something in response
  • Bulgarian: отплащам се (otplaštam se) — to give something in response
  • Chinese Mandarin: 報答 /报答 (bàodá) — to give something in response
  • Czech: opětovat — to give something in response
  • Czech: oplatit — to give something in response
  • Czech: oplácet — to give something in response
  • Dutch: beantwoorden — to give something in response
  • Finnish: vastata — to give something in response
  • Finnish: antaa vastalahja — to give something in response
  • German: erwidern — to give something in response
  • Hungarian: viszonoz — to give something in response
  • Portuguese: retribuir — to give something in response
  • Russian: вернуться (vernutʹsja) — to give something in response
  • Russian: возвращаться (vozvraščatʹsja) — to give something in response
  • Russian: воздавать (vozdavatʹ) — to give something in response
  • Russian: воздать (vozdatʹ) — to give something in response
  • Russian: возмещать (vozmeščatʹ) — to give something in response
  • Russian: возместить (vozmestitʹ) — to give something in response
  • Spanish: recompensar — to give something in response
  • Swedish: återgälda — to give something in response
  • Finnish: liikkua edestakaisin — to move backwards and forwards, like a piston
  • Finnish: kiertää — to move backwards and forwards, like a piston
  • Hungarian: ide-oda/előre-hátra mozog/jár/leng — to move backwards and forwards, like a piston
  • Māori: kōkeke — to move backwards and forwards, like a piston
  • Portuguese: alternar — to move backwards and forwards, like a piston
  • Bulgarian: отвръщам (otvrǎštam) — to counter, retort or retaliate
  • Finnish: vastata — to counter, retort or retaliate
  • German: erwidern — to counter, retort or retaliate
  • Portuguese: devolver — to counter, retort or retaliate