Standard Lemma guide

recoil

noun · verb · 14 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈɹiːkɔɪl/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • /ɹɪˈkɔɪl/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɔɪl
  • CMU ARPABET: R IY0 K OY1 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • the recoil of nature, or of the blood

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The state or condition of having recoiled.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The energy transmitted back to the shooter from a firearm which has fired. Recoil is a function of the weight of the weapon, the weight of the projectile, and the speed at which it leaves the muzzle.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: engineering, firearms, government, military, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, politics, tools, war, weaponry

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

An escapement in which, after each beat, the scape-wheel recoils slightly.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • He recoiled in disgust when he saw the mess.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To recoil before an opponent.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

Of a firearm: to quickly push back when fired.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Topics: engineering, government, military, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, politics, tools, war, weaponry

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

verb

Meaning 8

To retire, withdraw.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive, obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

a movement back from an impact

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: repercussion, rebound, backlash

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: movement, motion

Narrower terms: bounce, bouncing, resilience, resiliency, ricochet, carom

10

noun

Meaning 10

the backward jerk of a gun when it is fired

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: kick

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: movement, motion

11

verb

Meaning 11

spring back, as from a forceful thrust

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The gun kicked back into my shoulder

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: kick back, kick

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: bounce, resile, take a hop, spring, bound, rebound, recoil, reverberate, ricochet

12

verb

Meaning 12

spring back; spring away from an impact

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The rubber ball bounced
  • These particles do not resile but they unite after they collide

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: bounce, resile, take a hop, spring, bound, rebound, reverberate, ricochet

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: jump, leap, bound, spring

Narrower terms: kick back, recoil, kick, skip, bound off, carom

13

verb

Meaning 13

draw back, as with fear or pain

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • she flinched when they showed the slaughtering of the calf

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: flinch, squinch, funk, cringe, shrink, wince, quail

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: move

Narrower terms: shrink back, retract

14

verb

Meaning 14

come back to the originator of an action with an undesired effect

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Your comments may backfire and cause you a lot of trouble

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: backfire, backlash

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: happen, hap, go on, pass off, occur, pass, fall out, come about, take place

History

Etymology

From Old French reculer. Further from Latin re- + cūlus.

Across languages

Translations

102 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: откат (otkat) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Chinese Mandarin: 後坐力 /后坐力 (hòuzuòlì) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Chinese Mandarin: 後坐 /后坐 (hòuzuò) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Chinese Mandarin: 後座力 /后座力 (hòuzuòlì) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Czech: zpětný ráz — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Danish: rekyl — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Dutch: terugslag — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Faroese: baksláttur — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Finnish: rekyyli — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Finnish: potkaisu — pushback from a fired firearm
  • French: recul — pushback from a fired firearm
  • German: Rückstoß — pushback from a fired firearm
  • German: Rückschlag — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Italian: rinculo — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Japanese: 反動 (handō) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Japanese: 後座 (kōza) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Macedonian: отскок (otskok) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Māori: whana — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Norwegian: rekyl — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Norwegian: tilbakeslag — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Norwegian: tilbakestøt — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Norwegian: tilbakevirkning — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Occitan: recul — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Polish: odrzut — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Portuguese: coice — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Portuguese: recuo — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Romanian: recul — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Russian: отда́ча (otdáča) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Russian: отка́т (otkát) — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Spanish: retroceso — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Spanish: culatazo — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Spanish: coz — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Swedish: rekyl — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Tagalog: balisikad — pushback from a fired firearm
  • Bulgarian: отдръпвам се (otdrǎpvam se) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Chinese Mandarin: 後退 /后退 (hòutuì) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Chinese Mandarin: 畏縮 /畏缩 (wèisuō) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Czech: stáhnout se — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Czech: odtáhnout se — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Czech: ucuknout — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Czech: zhrozit se — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Danish: trække sig tilbage — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Dutch: terugtrekken — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Dutch: terugdeinzen — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Dutch: terugschrikken — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Finnish: hätkähtää — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • French: reculer — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • German: zurückschrecken — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Hungarian: visszahőköl — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Hungarian: hátrahőköl — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Hungarian: elborzad — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Hungarian: visszaretten — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Hungarian: elretten — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Hungarian: megrökönyödik — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Hungarian: eliszonyodik — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Italian: ritrarsi — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Japanese: 跳ね返る (hanekaeru) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Latin: recellō — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Māori: eti — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Māori: komi — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Māori: maopo — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Norwegian: rekylere — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Norwegian: spenne tilbake — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Norwegian: sprette tilbake — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Norwegian: springe tilbake — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Norwegian: trekke seg tilbake — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Norwegian: gyse tilbake — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Occitan: recular — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Portuguese: recuo — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Portuguese: coice (da arma) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Portuguese: recuar — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Romanian: recula — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Russian: отпря́дывать (otprjádyvatʹ) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Russian: отпря́нуть (otprjánutʹ) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Russian: отша́тываться (otšátyvatʹsja) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Russian: отшатну́ться (otšatnútʹsja) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: устукнути (ustuknuti) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Spanish: echarse atrás — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Spanish: recular — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Spanish: recejar — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Ottoman Turkish: پوصمق (pusmak) — to pull back, especially in disgust, horror or astonishment
  • Bulgarian: отскачам (otskačam) — of a firearm, to push back
  • Bulgarian: давам откат (davam otkat) — of a firearm, to push back
  • Catalan: recular — of a firearm, to push back
  • Czech: kopnout — of a firearm, to push back
  • Finnish: potkaista — of a firearm, to push back
  • German: zurückschlagen — of a firearm, to push back
  • German: einen Ruckschlag erzeugen — of a firearm, to push back
  • Hungarian: visszarúg — of a firearm, to push back
  • Hungarian: hátrarúg — of a firearm, to push back
  • Irish: frithbhuail — of a firearm, to push back
  • Italian: rinculare — of a firearm, to push back
  • Macedonian: отскокнува (otskoknuva) — of a firearm, to push back
  • Māori: whana — of a firearm, to push back
  • Māori: tupana — of a firearm, to push back
  • Māori: turapa — of a firearm, to push back
  • Romanian: recula — of a firearm, to push back
  • Spanish: recular — of a firearm, to push back
  • Spanish: dar culatazo — of a firearm, to push back
  • Spanish: diñar coz — of a firearm, to push back
  • Spanish: recejar — of a firearm, to push back
  • Welsh: adlamu — of a firearm, to push back
Real reading context

recoil in complete knowledge articles