noun · verb · 19 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
Received-Pronunciation:/ˈɹiːfə/
Canada, General-American:/ˈɹifɚ/
Australian, New-Zealand:/ˈɹiːfə/
QueenslandRecorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
homophone: reefer
rhymes with -iːfə(ɹ)
Australian, Received-Pronunciation:/ɹɪˈfɜː/
Canada, General-American:rī-fûr
Canada, General-American:/ɹɪˈfɝ/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
Scotland:/ɹɪˈfɛr/
New-Zealand:/ɹəˈføː/
/ɹɪˈfeː/Liverpool, fair–fur merger
/ɹɪˈfɛː/Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger
/ɹɪˈfɜː(ɹ)/Lancashire, fair–fur merger
rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)
CMU ARPABET:R AH0 F ER1
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
CMU ARPABET 2:R IH0 F ER1
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
noun
Meaning 1
A blurb on the front page of a newspaper issue or section that refers the reader to the full story inside the issue or section by listing its slug or headline and its page number.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: journalism, media
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
verb
Meaning 2
To direct the attention of (someone toward something).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
Examples
The shop assistant referred me to the help desk on ground floor.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
verb
Meaning 3
To submit to (another person or group) for consideration; to send or direct elsewhere.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
Examples
He referred the matter to the principal.
The doctor may refer patients to a psychiatrist.
I'll refer the objections back to management for reconsideration.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: send
Antonyms: none provided
4
verb
Meaning 4
To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
Examples
He referred the phenomena to electrical disturbances.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
5
verb
Meaning 5
To mention (something); to direct attention (to something).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
Examples
To explain the problem, the teacher referred to an example in another textbook.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
6
verb
Meaning 6
To make reference to; to be about; to relate to; to regard; to allude to.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive, stative
Examples
The recipe referred to several unusual ingredients.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
7
verb
Meaning 7
To be referential to another element in a sentence.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
His name was mentioned in connection with the invention
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: mention, advert, bring up, cite, name
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: think of, have in mind, mean
Narrower terms: commend, remember, speak of the devil, quote, cite, touch on, invoke, appeal, namedrop, raise, bring up, drag up, dredge up, cross-refer
17
verb
Meaning 17
use a name to designate
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
Christians refer to the mother of Jesus as the Virgin Mary
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: name, call
18
verb
Meaning 18
send or direct for treatment, information, or a decision
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
refer a patient to a specialist
refer a bill to a committee
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: send, direct
Narrower terms: submit, subject, recommit
19
verb
Meaning 19
be relevant to
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
There were lots of questions referring to her talk
My remark pertained to your earlier comments
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: pertain, relate, concern, come to, bear on, touch, touch on, have-to doe with
Antonyms: none provided
Narrower terms: focus on, center on, revolve around, revolve about, concentrate on, center, apply, hold, go for, involve, affect, regard, matter to, interest
History
Etymology
From Middle English referren, from Old French referer, from Latin referre. The noun (used in journalism) is from the verb. Doublet of relate. See also infer, collate and confer, delate and defer, as well as prelate and prefer among others.
Across languages
Translations
73 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Arabic:
أَشَارَ
(ʔašāra)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Arabic:
كَيْشِيرْ
(kayšir)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Arabic:
كَيْنْعَّتْ
(kaynʕāt)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Bulgarian:
отпращам
(otpraštam)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Bulgarian:
обръщам се
(obrǎštam se)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Catalan:
referir
— to direct to a source for help or information
Chinese Mandarin:
談到 /谈到
(tándào)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Czech:
odkázat
— to direct to a source for help or information
Danish:
henvise
— to direct to a source for help or information
Dutch:
verwijzen
— to direct to a source for help or information
Dutch:
doorverwijzen
— to direct to a source for help or information
Esperanto:
plusendi
— to direct to a source for help or information
Finnish:
ohjata
— to direct to a source for help or information
Finnish:
neuvoa
— to direct to a source for help or information
French:
référer
— to direct to a source for help or information
Galician:
referir
— to direct to a source for help or information
German:
verweisen
— to direct to a source for help or information
Greek:
παραπέμπω
(parapémpo)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Italian:
riferire
— to direct to a source for help or information
Japanese:
問い合わせる
(toiawaseru)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Korean:
언급하다
(eon'geuphada)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Persian:
ارجاعیدن
— to direct to a source for help or information
Polish:
skierować
— to direct to a source for help or information
Portuguese:
encaminhar
— to direct to a source for help or information
Russian:
ссыла́ться
(ssylátʹsja)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Russian:
сосла́ться
(soslátʹsja)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Russian:
относи́ть
(otnosítʹ)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Russian:
отнести́
(otnestí)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Spanish:
referir
— to direct to a source for help or information
Spanish:
remitir
— to direct to a source for help or information
Swedish:
hänvisa
— to direct to a source for help or information
Swedish:
referera
— to direct to a source for help or information
Swedish:
åsyfta
— to direct to a source for help or information
Ukrainian:
посила́тися
(posylátysja)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Ukrainian:
посла́тися
(poslátysja)
— to direct to a source for help or information
Dutch:
verwijzen
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Finnish:
ohjata
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Finnish:
neuvoa
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Greek:
παραπέμπω
(parapémpo)
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Italian:
fare capo
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Māori:
pare
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Middle English:
deferren
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Polish:
skierować
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Polish:
odesłać
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Portuguese:
encaminhar
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Portuguese:
remeter
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Swedish:
hänvisa
— to submit to an authority figure for consideration
Bulgarian:
позовавам се
(pozovavam se)
— to direct the attention of
Dutch:
verwijzen
— to direct the attention of
Finnish:
ohjata
— to direct the attention of
Greek:
αναφέρω
(anaféro)
— to direct the attention of
Indonesian:
mengarahkan
— to direct the attention of
Swedish:
hänvisa
— to direct the attention of
Turkish:
zikretmek
— to direct the attention of
Ottoman Turkish:
ذكر ایتمك
(zikr etmek)
— to direct the attention of
Bulgarian:
приписвам
(pripisvam)
— to allude to
Danish:
henvise
— to allude to
Danish:
referere
— to allude to
Dutch:
verwijzen
— to allude to
Esperanto:
rilati
— to allude to
Finnish:
viitata
— to allude to
French:
renvoyer (à)
— to allude to
German:
sich auf etwas beziehen
— to allude to
Ancient Greek:
ἀποδίδωμι
(apodídōmi)
— to allude to