referee

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/
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• General-American: /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹi/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• rhymes with -iː
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• CMU ARPABET: R EH2 F ER0 IY1 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration.

175 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Arabic: حَكَم (ḥakam) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Armenian: մրցավար (mrcʻavar) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Basque: epaile — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Belarusian: суддзя́ (suddzjá) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Belarusian: рэферы́ (refjerý) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Belarusian: арбі́тр (arbítr) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Belarusian: арбі́тар (arbítar) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Bulgarian: съдия́ (sǎdijá) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Bulgarian: ре́фер (réfer) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Catalan: àrbitre — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Chinese Mandarin: 裁判 (cáipàn) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Crimean Tatar: akem — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Czech: rozhodčí — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Danish: dommer — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Dutch: scheidsrechter — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Esperanto: decidisto — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Esperanto: arbitraciisto — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Faroese: dómari — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Finnish: erotuomari — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Finnish: tuomari — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Finnish: mattotuomari — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• French: arbitre — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• German: Schiedsrichter — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• German: Schiedsrichterin — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• German: Referee — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Greek: διαιτητής (diaititís) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Ancient Greek: βραβευτής (brabeutḗs) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Greenlandic: dommeri — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Haitian Creole: abit — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Hebrew: שופט (shofét) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Hungarian: bíró — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Hungarian: spori — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Irish: moltóir — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Irish: réiteoir — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Italian: arbitro — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Japanese: 審判 — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Japanese: レフェリー (referī) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Khmer: អាជ្ញាកណ្ដាល (ʼaacñaa kɑɑkɑndaal) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Korean: 심판 (simpan) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Korean: 레퍼리 (repeori) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Luxembourgish: Arbitter — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Macedonian: су́дија (súdija) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Macedonian: судијка (sudijka) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Malay: pengadil — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Malay: wasit — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Māori: rewherī — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Māori: kaiwawao — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Norwegian Bokmål: dommer — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Norwegian Nynorsk: dommar — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Plautdietsch: Spellvemedla — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Polish: sędzia — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Polish: arbiter — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Portuguese: árbitro — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Portuguese: juiz — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Romanian: arbitru — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Russian: судья́ (sudʹjá) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Russian: ре́фери́ (rɛ́ferí) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Russian: арби́тр (arbítr) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Russian: ампа́йр (ampájr) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Scottish Gaelic: rèitear — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Serbo-Croatian: судија — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Serbo-Croatian: су́дац — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Serbo-Croatian: су̏ткиња — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Serbo-Croatian: sudija — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Serbo-Croatian: súdac — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Serbo-Croatian: sȕtkinja — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Slovak: rozhodca — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Slovak: rozhodkyňa — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Lower Sorbian: sudnik — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Lower Sorbian: sudnica — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Spanish: árbitro — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Spanish: réferi — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Spanish: referee — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Swedish: domare — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Thai: ผู้ตัดสิน (pûu-dtàt-sǐn) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Turkish: hakem — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Ukrainian: суддя́ (suddjá) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Ukrainian: рефері́ (referí) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Ukrainian: арбі́тр (arbítr) — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Vietnamese: trọng tài — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Welsh: dyfarnwr — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Welsh: dyfarnwraig — sport: umpire, judge of a game
• Arabic: حَكَم (ḥakam) — person who settles a dispute
• Bulgarian: съдия́ (sǎdijá) — person who settles a dispute
• Bulgarian: арбитър (arbitǎr) — person who settles a dispute
• Catalan: àrbitre — person who settles a dispute
• Dutch: arbiter — person who settles a dispute
• Finnish: välimies — person who settles a dispute
• Finnish: sovittelija — person who settles a dispute
• French: arbitre — person who settles a dispute
• German: Schlichter — person who settles a dispute
• German: Schiedsmann — person who settles a dispute
• German: Ombudsmann — person who settles a dispute
• German: Ombudsfrau — person who settles a dispute
• Greek: διαιτητής (diaititís) — person who settles a dispute
• Greek: εισηγητής (eisigitís) — person who settles a dispute
• Korean: 중재인 (jungjaein) — person who settles a dispute
• Macedonian: су́дија (súdija) — person who settles a dispute
• Māori: rewherī — person who settles a dispute
• Portuguese: árbitro — person who settles a dispute
• Portuguese: juiz — person who settles a dispute
• Romanian: arbitru — person who settles a dispute
• Romanian: judecător — person who settles a dispute
• Russian: судья́ (sudʹjá) — person who settles a dispute
• Russian: арби́тр (arbítr) — person who settles a dispute
• Serbo-Croatian: судија — person who settles a dispute
• Serbo-Croatian: су́дац — person who settles a dispute
• Serbo-Croatian: су̏ткиња — person who settles a dispute
• Serbo-Croatian: sudija — person who settles a dispute
• Serbo-Croatian: súdac — person who settles a dispute
• Serbo-Croatian: sȕtkinja — person who settles a dispute
• Spanish: árbitro — person who settles a dispute
• Swedish: skiljedomare — person who settles a dispute
• Welsh: canolwr — person who settles a dispute
• Welsh: cyflafareddwr — person who settles a dispute
• Bulgarian: референт (referent) — person who writes a letter of reference
• Chinese Mandarin: 證明人 /证明人 (zhèngmíngrén) — person who writes a letter of reference
• Dutch: referentie — person who writes a letter of reference
• Finnish: suosittelija — person who writes a letter of reference
• German: Empfehlungsgeber — person who writes a letter of reference
• German: Befürworter — person who writes a letter of reference
• German: Protagonist — person who writes a letter of reference
• Irish: moltóir — person who writes a letter of reference
• Korean: 신원보증인 (sinwonbojeung'in) — person who writes a letter of reference
• Macedonian: препора́чател (preporáčatel) — person who writes a letter of reference
• Romanian: referent — person who writes a letter of reference
• Russian: поручи́тель (poručítelʹ) — person who writes a letter of reference
• Russian: поручи́тельница (poručítelʹnica) — person who writes a letter of reference
• Swedish: referens — person who writes a letter of reference
• Welsh: canolwr — person who writes a letter of reference
• Bulgarian: рецензент (recenzent) — expert who judges a manuscript
• Finnish: arvioija — expert who judges a manuscript
• German: Rezensent — expert who judges a manuscript
• German: Lektor — expert who judges a manuscript
• Greek: κριτής (kritís) — expert who judges a manuscript
• Irish: measúnóir — expert who judges a manuscript
• Korean: 심사원 (simsawon) — expert who judges a manuscript
• Macedonian: ве́штак (véštak) — expert who judges a manuscript
• Russian: рецензе́нт (recenzént) — expert who judges a manuscript
• Serbo-Croatian: рецѐнзент — expert who judges a manuscript
• Serbo-Croatian: рецѐнзентица — expert who judges a manuscript
• Serbo-Croatian: recènzent — expert who judges a manuscript
• Serbo-Croatian: recènzentica — expert who judges a manuscript
• Spanish: árbitro — expert who judges a manuscript
• Spanish: revisor — expert who judges a manuscript
• Turkish: bilirkişi — expert who judges a manuscript
• Bulgarian: реферирам (referiram) — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Bulgarian: рецензирам (recenziram) — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Danish: dømme — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Esperanto: arbitracii — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Finnish: tuomita — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Finnish: toimia tuomarina — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Finnish: tuomaroida — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Finnish: sovitella — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Finnish: suositella — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Finnish: arvioida — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• French: arbitrer — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• German: schiedsrichtern — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• German: pfeifen — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Ancient Greek: βραβεύω (brabeúō) — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Italian: arbitrare — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Macedonian: су́ди (súdi) — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Māori: rewherī — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Polish: sędziować — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Portuguese: arbitrar — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Romanian: arbitra — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Spanish: arbitrar — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• Swedish: döma — to act as a judge of a game or contest
• German: schlichten — to settle a dispute
• German: entscheiden — to settle a dispute
• German: empfehlen — to write a letter of reference
• German: beurteilen — to write a letter of reference
• German: befürworten — to write a letter of reference
• German: lektorieren — to judge a manuscript
• German: beurteilen — to judge a manuscript