reference

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• Canada, General-American, Received-Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛf.(ə.)ɹəns/
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• Canada, General-American, Received-Pronunciation: [ˈɹɛf.ɹn̩s]
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• California: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Texas: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• obsolete: /ˈɹɛf.ə.ɹɛns/
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• Australian, New-Zealand: /ˈɹef.(ə.)ɹəns/
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• rhymes with -ɛfəɹəns
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• CMU ARPABET: R EH1 F ER0 AH0 N S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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• CMU ARPABET 2: R EH1 F R AH0 N S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle French référence, from Medieval Latin referentia, nominative neuter plural of referēns, present participle of referō (“return, reply”, literally “carry back”). Morphologically refer + -ence.

184 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Bulgarian: споменаване (spomenavane) — literary: relationship
• Bulgarian: отпратка (otpratka) — literary: relationship
• Finnish: suhde — literary: relationship
• Persian: اشاره — literary: relationship
• Russian: связь (svjazʹ) — literary: relationship
• Bulgarian: еталон (etalon) — measurement one can compare to
• Catalan: referència — measurement one can compare to
• Chinese Mandarin: 參考 /参考 (cānkǎo) — measurement one can compare to
• Dutch: referentie — measurement one can compare to
• Estonian: referents — measurement one can compare to
• Finnish: viitearvo — measurement one can compare to
• Finnish: referenssi — measurement one can compare to
• French: référence — measurement one can compare to
• Galician: referencia — measurement one can compare to
• German: Referenz — measurement one can compare to
• Hindi: संदर्भ (sandarbh) — measurement one can compare to
• Indonesian: rujukan — measurement one can compare to
• Indonesian: acuan — measurement one can compare to
• Indonesian: referensi — measurement one can compare to
• Italian: riferimento — measurement one can compare to
• Japanese: 参考 (sankō) — measurement one can compare to
• Korean: 참고 (chamgo) — measurement one can compare to
• Korean: 참조 (chamjo) — measurement one can compare to
• Central Kurdish: سەرچاوە (serçawe) — measurement one can compare to
• Malay: rujukan — measurement one can compare to
• Malay: acuan — measurement one can compare to
• Persian: مبنا — measurement one can compare to
• Portuguese: referência — measurement one can compare to
• Romanian: referință — measurement one can compare to
• Russian: образе́ц (obrazéc) — measurement one can compare to
• Russian: отноше́ние (otnošénije) — measurement one can compare to
• Russian: рефере́нция (referéncija) — measurement one can compare to
• Russian: ссы́лка (ssýlka) — measurement one can compare to
• Spanish: referencia — measurement one can compare to
• Turkish: referans — measurement one can compare to
• Ukrainian: зразо́к (zrazók) — measurement one can compare to
• Armenian: բնութագիր (bnutʻagir) — information about a person
• Azerbaijani: xasiyyətnamə — information about a person
• Bulgarian: препоръка (preporǎka) — information about a person
• Bulgarian: референция (referencija) — information about a person
• Catalan: referència — information about a person
• Chinese Mandarin: 證明 /证明 (zhèngmíng) — information about a person
• Dutch: referent — information about a person
• Dutch: referente — information about a person
• Estonian: soovitus — information about a person
• Finnish: suositus — information about a person
• French: recommandation — information about a person
• French: référence — information about a person
• Galician: referencia — information about a person
• German: Referenz — information about a person
• Hindi: संदर्भ (sandarbh) — information about a person
• Hungarian: ajánlás — information about a person
• Hungarian: referencia — information about a person
• Japanese: 照会 (shōkai) — information about a person
• Japanese: 照会先 (shōkaisaki) — information about a person
• Portuguese: referência — information about a person
• Russian: рекоменда́ция (rekomendácija) — information about a person
• Russian: поручи́тельство (poručítelʹstvo) — information about a person
• Russian: рефере́нция (referéncija) — information about a person
• Russian: характери́стика (xarakterístika) — information about a person
• Serbo-Croatian: preporuka — information about a person
• Spanish: referencia — information about a person
• Turkish: referans — information about a person
• Ukrainian: характери́стика (xarakterýstyka) — information about a person
• Ukrainian: рекоменда́ція (rekomendácija) — information about a person
• Finnish: suosittelija — person who provides this information
• Finnish: alistaminen — act of referring: a submitting for information or decision
• Lithuanian: atsigrįžimas — act of referring: a submitting for information or decision
• Finnish: suhde — semantics: relation between objects
• Galician: referencia — semantics: relation between objects
• Afrikaans: verwysing — academic writing: identification of a source
• Afrikaans: referensie — academic writing: identification of a source
• Arabic: مَرْجِع (marjiʕ) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Bulgarian: референция (referencija) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Chinese Mandarin: 引用 (yǐnyòng) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Dutch: referentie — academic writing: identification of a source
• Estonian: viide — academic writing: identification of a source
• Finnish: lähdeviittaus — academic writing: identification of a source
• Finnish: viite — academic writing: identification of a source
• Finnish: viittaus — academic writing: identification of a source
• Galician: referencia — academic writing: identification of a source
• Georgian: წყაროს მითითება (c̣q̇aros mititeba) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Hindi: संदर्भ (sandarbh) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Hindi: उल्लेख (ullekh) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Hungarian: hivatkozás — academic writing: identification of a source
• Māori: tohutoro — academic writing: identification of a source
• Navajo: naaltsoos bitsʼą́ą́ʼdóó ééhózinii — academic writing: identification of a source
• Navajo: bitsʼą́ą́ʼdóó ééhózinii — academic writing: identification of a source
• Ojibwe: mookijiwanibiig — academic writing: identification of a source
• Persian: ارجاعال — academic writing: identification of a source
• Portuguese: referência — academic writing: identification of a source
• Russian: ссы́лка (ssýlka) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Russian: рефере́нция (referéncija) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Swedish: källhänvisning — academic writing: identification of a source
• Tagalog: sanggunian — academic writing: identification of a source
• Ukrainian: посила́ння (posylánnja) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Ukrainian: рефере́нція (referéncija) — academic writing: identification of a source
• Arabic: مَرْجِع (marjiʕ) — academic writing: source
• Bulgarian: отправка (otpravka) — academic writing: source
• Catalan: referència — academic writing: source
• Chinese Mandarin: 來源 /来源 (láiyuán) — academic writing: source
• Chinese Mandarin: 參考文獻 /参考文献 (cānkǎo wénxiàn) — academic writing: source
• Czech: zdroj — academic writing: source
• Czech: pramen — academic writing: source
• Czech: reference — academic writing: source
• Dutch: referentie — academic writing: source
• Esperanto: referenco — academic writing: source
• Estonian: allikas — academic writing: source
• Finnish: lähde — academic writing: source
• French: référence — academic writing: source
• Galician: referencia — academic writing: source
• Georgian: წყარო (c̣q̇aro) — academic writing: source
• German: Quelle — academic writing: source
• Greek: πηγές (pigés) — academic writing: source
• Haitian Creole: referans — academic writing: source
• Hindi: संदर्भ (sandarbh) — academic writing: source
• Hindi: उल्लेख (ullekh) — academic writing: source
• Hungarian: forrás — academic writing: source
• Japanese: 出典 (shutten) — academic writing: source
• Māori: tohutoro — academic writing: source
• Navajo: naaltsoos bitsʼą́ą́dóó ééhózinii — academic writing: source
• Navajo: bitsʼą́ą́ʼdóó ééhózinii — academic writing: source
• Persian: مرجع — academic writing: source
• Portuguese: referência — academic writing: source
• Romanian: referință — academic writing: source
• Romanian: sursă de referință — academic writing: source
• Russian: ссы́лка (ssýlka) — academic writing: source
• Russian: отсы́лка (otsýlka) — academic writing: source
• Russian: исто́чник (istóčnik) — academic writing: source
• Scottish Gaelic: iomradh — academic writing: source
• Slovak: referencia — academic writing: source
• Slovak: zdroj — academic writing: source
• Spanish: referencia — academic writing: source
• Swedish: källa — academic writing: source
• Tagalog: sanggunian — academic writing: source
• Tagalog: talasanggunian — academic writing: source
• Turkish: kaynak — academic writing: source
• Ukrainian: посила́ння (posylánnja) — academic writing: source
• Ukrainian: джерело́ (džereló) — academic writing: source
• Bulgarian: отправка (otpravka) — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Chinese Mandarin: 引用 (yǐnyòng) — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Finnish: viite — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• French: référence — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Galician: referencia — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• German: Referenz — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Greek: αναφορά (anaforá) — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Japanese: 参照 (sanshō) — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Māori: tohutoro — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Persian: ارجاعال — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Polish: referencja — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Romanian: referință — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Russian: ссылка (ssylka) — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Vietnamese: tham chiếu — computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere
• Esperanto: kromnomo — programming: special sequence used to represent complex characters
• Bulgarian: отнасям се (otnasjam se) — to refer to
• Bulgarian: позовавам се (pozovavam se) — to refer to
• Catalan: referenciar — to refer to
• Chinese Mandarin: 引用 (yǐnyòng) — to refer to
• Estonian: viitama — to refer to
• Finnish: viitata — to refer to
• French: faire référence à — to refer to
• French: référencer — to refer to
• French: se référer à — to refer to
• German: referenzieren — to refer to
• Japanese: 参照する (sanshō suru) — to refer to
• Māori: tohutoro — to refer to
• Polish: odnosić się do — to refer to
• Portuguese: referenciar — to refer to
• Spanish: referenciar — to refer to
• Bulgarian: споменавам (spomenavam) — to mention
• Chinese Mandarin: 提及 (tíjí) — to mention
• Chinese Mandarin: 提到 (tídào) — to mention
• Finnish: viitata — to mention
• Finnish: mainita — to mention
• French: faire référence à — to mention
• French: se référer à — to mention
• German: sich beziehen — to mention
• Hindi: उल्लेख करना (ullekh karnā) — to mention
• Japanese: 言及 (genkyū suru) — to mention
• Portuguese: referenciar — to mention
• Portuguese: mencionar — to mention
• Russian: упомина́ть (upominátʹ) — to mention
• Spanish: referenciar — to mention
• Finnish: viitata — to contain the memory address of another value