noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
/ˌɹɛfəˈɹɛndəm/
Southern-England:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
CMU ARPABET:R EH2 F ER0 EH1 N D AH0 M
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
noun
Meaning 1
A direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: government, politics
Examples
a referendum on ...
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: plebiscite
Antonyms: none provided
2
noun
Meaning 2
An action, choice, etc., which is perceived as passing judgment on another matter.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
My father is taking my decision on whether to go to university as a referendum on his performance as a parent, and it's very stressful.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
noun
Meaning 3
a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: vote
History
Etymology
From Latin referendum (“that which ought to be announced”), from refero (“to announce”).
Across languages
Translations
109 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Albanian:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Arabic:
اِسْتِفْتاء
(istiftāʔ)
— direct popular vote
Arabic:
اِسْتِفْتاء
(istiftāʔ)
— direct popular vote
Armenian:
ռեֆերենդում
(ṙeferendum)
— direct popular vote
Armenian:
հանրաքվե
(hanrakʻve)
— direct popular vote
Azerbaijani:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Azerbaijani:
ümumxalq sorğu
— direct popular vote
Azerbaijani:
ümumi rəy sorğusu
— direct popular vote
Belarusian:
рэферэ́ндум
(refjeréndum)
— direct popular vote
Bulgarian:
рефере́ндум
(referéndum)
— direct popular vote
Burmese:
ဆန္ဒခံယူခြင်း
(hcanda.hkam-yuhkrang:)
— direct popular vote
Burmese:
ဆန္ဒခံယူပွဲ
(hcanda.hkam-yu-pwai:)
— direct popular vote
Catalan:
referèndum
— direct popular vote
Chinese Mandarin:
公民投票
(gōngmín tóupiào)
— direct popular vote
Chinese Mandarin:
公投
(gōngtóu)
— direct popular vote
Cornish:
gwerinvotyans
— direct popular vote
Crimean Tatar:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Czech:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Danish:
folkeafstemning
— direct popular vote
Dutch:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Dutch:
volksraadpleging
— direct popular vote
Esperanto:
referendumo
— direct popular vote
Estonian:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Estonian:
rahvahääletus
— direct popular vote
Estonian:
rahvaküsitlus
— direct popular vote
Faroese:
fólkaatkvøða
— direct popular vote
Finnish:
kansanäänestys
— direct popular vote
French:
référendum
— direct popular vote
Galician:
referendo
— direct popular vote
Georgian:
რეფერენდუმი
(reperendumi)
— direct popular vote
German:
Referendum
— direct popular vote
German:
Volksabstimmung
— direct popular vote
Greek:
δημοψήφισμα
(dimopsífisma)
— direct popular vote
Hebrew:
מִשְׁאַל עַם
(mish'ál 'ám)
— direct popular vote
Hindi:
जनमत-संग्रह
(janmat-saṅgrah)
— direct popular vote
Hindi:
मत-संग्रह
(mat-saṅgrah)
— direct popular vote
Hindi:
रेफ़रेंडम
(refreṇḍam)
— direct popular vote
Hindi:
रायशुमारी
(rāyśumārī)
— direct popular vote
Hungarian:
szavazás
— direct popular vote
Hungarian:
népszavazás
— direct popular vote
Hungarian:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Icelandic:
þjóðaratkvæðagreiðsla
— direct popular vote
Icelandic:
þjóðaratkvæði
— direct popular vote
Indonesian:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Irish:
reifreann
— direct popular vote
Italian:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Japanese:
住民投票
(jūmin tōhyō)
— direct popular vote
Japanese:
国民投票
(kokumin tōhyō)
— direct popular vote
Kazakh:
референдум
(referendum)
— direct popular vote
Khmer:
ប្រជាមតិ
(prɑɑciə mĕəʼteʼ)
— direct popular vote
Korean:
국민투표
(gungmintupyo)
— direct popular vote
Northern Kurdish:
referandûm
— direct popular vote
Kyrgyz:
референдум
(referendum)
— direct popular vote
Lao:
ປະຊາມະຕິ
(pa sā ma ti)
— direct popular vote
Latvian:
referendums
— direct popular vote
Lithuanian:
referendumas
— direct popular vote
Macedonian:
рефере́ндум
(referéndum)
— direct popular vote
Malay:
pungutan suara
— direct popular vote
Malay:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Māori:
tāpaetanga pōti
— direct popular vote
Māori:
pōtitake
— direct popular vote
Mongolian:
бүх нийтийн санал хураалт
(büx niitiin sanal xuraalt)
— direct popular vote
Mongolian:
референдум
(referendum)
— direct popular vote
Norwegian Bokmål:
folkeavstemning
— direct popular vote
Norwegian Bokmål:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Norwegian Bokmål:
uravstemning
— direct popular vote
Norwegian Nynorsk:
folkerøysting
— direct popular vote
Norwegian Nynorsk:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Pashto:
ټولپوښتنه
(ṭolpuẍtǝna)
— direct popular vote
Pashto:
رفرنډم
(referanḍum)
— direct popular vote
Pashto:
رېفرانډم
(refrānḍam)
— direct popular vote
Iranian Persian:
هَمِهپُرْسی
(hame-porsi)
— direct popular vote
Iranian Persian:
رِفْرانْدوم
(refrândom)
— direct popular vote
Polish:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Portuguese:
referendo
— direct popular vote
Portuguese:
plebiscito
— direct popular vote
Romanian:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Russian:
рефере́ндум
(referéndum)
— direct popular vote
Northern Sami:
álbmotjienasteapmi
— direct popular vote
Scottish Gaelic:
reifreann
— direct popular vote
Serbo-Croatian:
реферѐндум
— direct popular vote
Serbo-Croatian:
referèndum
— direct popular vote
Slovak:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Slovene:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Spanish:
referéndum
— direct popular vote
Spanish:
referendo
— direct popular vote
Spanish:
plebiscito
— direct popular vote
Swedish:
folkomröstning
— direct popular vote
Tagalog:
pagtutukoy
— direct popular vote
Tagalog:
reperendum
— direct popular vote
Tajik:
раъйпурсӣ
(ra'ypursi)
— direct popular vote
Tajik:
референдум
(referendum)
— direct popular vote
Thai:
ประชามติ
(bprà-chaa-má-dtì)
— direct popular vote
Turkish:
referandum
— direct popular vote
Turkish:
halk oylaması
— direct popular vote
Turkmen:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Ukrainian:
рефере́ндум
(referéndum)
— direct popular vote
Urdu:
رِیفْرینْڈَم
(rīfrenḍam)
— direct popular vote
Urdu:
رائے شُماری
(rāe śumārī)
— direct popular vote
Uyghur:
رېفېراندۇم
(rëfërandum)
— direct popular vote
Uzbek:
referendum
— direct popular vote
Vietnamese:
trưng cầu dân ý
— direct popular vote
Vietnamese:
trưng cầu ý dân
— direct popular vote
Welsh:
refferendwm
— direct popular vote
Yiddish:
רעפֿערענדום
(referendum)
— direct popular vote
Chinese Mandarin:
間接表態 /间接表态
(jiànjiē biǎotài)
— action perceived as passing judgment
Chinese Mandarin:
信任投票
(xìnrèn tóupiào)
— action perceived as passing judgment
Finnish:
luottamuslauseäänestys
— action perceived as passing judgment
Russian:
рефере́ндум
(referéndum)
— action perceived as passing judgment