Standard Lemma guide

refoulement

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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  • Received-Pronunciation: /ɹəˈfuːlmɒ̃/
  • General-American: /ɹəˌfulˈmɑn/
  • rhymes with (GA pronunciation) -ɒn

1

noun

Meaning 1

The involuntary sending of refugees or asylum seekers to their country of origin or another one, where they are likely to face persecution and harm.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

Qualifier: international law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: non-refoulement

2

noun

Meaning 2

An instance thereof.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

Qualifier: international law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: non-refoulement

3

noun

Meaning 3

The forced relocation of a group of people.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

An instance of that relocation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, countable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

Borrowed from French refoulement (“act of pushing something back (as gunpowder into a gun barrel, or water by a dam); act of water overflowing; forced relocation of a group of people; forced repatriation of asylum-seekers or refugees”), from refouler (“to cause to flow or turn back; to repress, suppress; to repulse; to trample on again”) (from re- (prefix meaning ‘again’) + fouler (“to impress, stamp; to trample, walk on; to mistreat, oppress”) (ultimately from Medieval Latin fullare (“to make cloth denser and firmer by soaking, beating and pressing, to full”), from Latin fullō (“one who fulls cloth, fuller”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bhleh3- (“to blow; to inflate, swell”)) + -ment (suffix forming nouns from verbs, usually denoting resulting actions or states).

Across languages

Translations

9 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Finnish: palauttaminen vaaralliselle alueelle — involuntary sending
  • French: refoulement — involuntary sending
  • German: Zurückweisung unter Zwang — involuntary sending
  • German: Zwangsabschiebung — involuntary sending
  • German: Zwangsdeportation — involuntary sending
  • German: Ausschaffung — involuntary sending
  • Finnish: pakkosiirto — forced relocation
  • German: Zwangsumsiedlung — forced relocation
  • German: Vertreibung — forced relocation