Standard Lemma guide

retch

noun · verb · 8 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɹɛt͡ʃ/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɛtʃ
  • homophone: wretch

1

noun

Meaning 1

An unsuccessful effort to vomit.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To make or experience an unsuccessful effort to vomit; to strain or spasm, as if to vomit; to gag or nearly vomit.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To vomit; to make or experience a successful effort to vomit.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: broadly, intransitive, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To reck.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: ambitransitive, obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

Alternative form of reach.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: alt-of, alternative, dialectal

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

an involuntary spasm of ineffectual vomiting

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a bad case of the heaves

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: heave

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: spasm

7

verb

Meaning 7

eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • After drinking too much, the students vomited
  • He purged continuously
  • The patient regurgitated the food we gave him last night

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: vomit, vomit up, purge, cast, sick, cat, be sick, disgorge, regorge, puke, barf, spew, spue, chuck, upchuck, honk, regurgitate, throw up

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: excrete, egest, eliminate, pass

8

verb

Meaning 8

make an unsuccessful effort to vomit; strain to vomit

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: gag, heave

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From Middle English *recchen, *rechen (attested in arechen), hræcen (“to cough up”), from Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan, from Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”). Cognate with Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”), Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”), Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”) and German recken (“to retch, gag”). Also related with German Rachen (“throat”).

From Middle English recchen (“to care; heed”), from Old English rēċċan, variant of rēċan (“to care; reck”), from Proto-Germanic *rōkijaną (“to care”), from Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“straight, right, just”).

From Middle English recchen, from Old English reċċan (“to stretch, extend”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakkjan, from Proto-Germanic *rakjaną (“to straighten, stretch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h3roǵéyeti.

Across languages

Translations

42 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: гадене (gadene) — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Bulgarian: повдигане (povdigane) — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Catalan: arcada — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Chinese Mandarin: 乾嘔 /干呕 (gān'ǒu) — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Dutch: braakneiging — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • French: haut-le-cœur — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Italian: conato — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Italian: conato di vomito — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Māori: whakapoutikitanga — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Persian: هراش (harâš) — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Portuguese: arranco — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Spanish: arcada — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Spanish: basca — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Tagalog: duwal — an unsuccessful effort to vomit
  • Bulgarian: гади ми се (gadi mi se) — to make an effort to vomit
  • Bulgarian: повдига ми се (povdiga mi se) — to make an effort to vomit
  • Czech: dávit se — to make an effort to vomit
  • Czech: zvracet — to make an effort to vomit
  • Danish: gylpe — to make an effort to vomit
  • Dutch: kokhalzen — to make an effort to vomit
  • Dutch: braken — to make an effort to vomit
  • Finnish: kakoa — to make an effort to vomit
  • Galician: arquexar — to make an effort to vomit
  • German: würgen — to make an effort to vomit
  • Hungarian: öklendezik — to make an effort to vomit
  • Italian: avere conati di vomito — to make an effort to vomit
  • Māori: pūtanetane — to make an effort to vomit
  • Māori: whakapoutiki — to make an effort to vomit
  • Māori: pūkanekane — to make an effort to vomit
  • Mongolian: огих (ogix) — to make an effort to vomit
  • Norman: haler au tchoeu — to make an effort to vomit
  • Portuguese: engulhar — to make an effort to vomit
  • Russian: пыта́ться рыгнуть (pytátʹsja) — to make an effort to vomit
  • Serbo-Croatian: на̀пињати се на повраћање — to make an effort to vomit
  • Serbo-Croatian: nàpinjati se na povraćanje — to make an effort to vomit
  • Spanish: tener arcadas — to make an effort to vomit
  • Spanish: basquear — to make an effort to vomit
  • Swedish: hulka — to make an effort to vomit
  • Tagalog: maduwal — to make an effort to vomit
  • Turkish: öğürmek — to make an effort to vomit
  • Ottoman Turkish: اوكورمك (öğürmek) — to make an effort to vomit
  • Vietnamese: ọe — to make an effort to vomit