Standard Lemma guide

retroflex

adj · noun · verb · 14 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛt.ɹəʊ.flɛks/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛt.ɹə.flɛks/
  • General-American: /ˈɹɛt.ɹoʊ.flɛks/
  • General-American: /ˈɹɛt.ɹə.flɛks/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Bent or curved backwards.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: retroflexed, retroflexive, reflexed, reflected

Antonyms: nonretroflex, unretroflexed

2

adj

Meaning 2

Of pronunciation in which the tip of the tongue is raised and bent backwards, so that the underside of the tongue approaches or touches the palate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

Examples

  • Near-synonyms: subapical, palatal

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: subapical, palatal

Antonyms: none provided

3

adj

Meaning 3

Of pronunciation in which the tip of the tongue approaches or touches the back of the alveolar ridge.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

Examples

  • Near-synonyms: apical, postalveolar

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: apical, postalveolar

Antonyms: none provided

4

adj

Meaning 4

Of pronunciation in which the blade of the tongue approaches or touches the back of the alveolar ridge.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

Examples

  • Near-synonyms: laminal, postalveolar

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: laminal, postalveolar

Antonyms: none provided

5

adj

Meaning 5

Of any of the aforementioned pronunciations.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Qualifier: general sense

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

Examples

  • Near-synonym: rhotic

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: cacuminal, cerebral, rhotic

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

A consonant pronounced with the underside of the tongue approaching or touching the palate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

A consonant pronounced with the tip of the tongue approaching or touching the back of the alveolar ridge.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

A consonant pronounced with the blade of the tongue approaching or touching the back of the alveolar ridge.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

Any of the aforementioned consonants.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Qualifier: general sense

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

verb

Meaning 10

To bend or curve backwards.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

adjective satellite

Meaning 11

pronounced with the tip of the tongue turned back toward the hard palate

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: cacuminal

Antonyms: none provided

12

adjective satellite

Meaning 12

bent or curved backward

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: retroflexed

Antonyms: none provided

13

verb

Meaning 13

articulate (a consonant) with the tongue curled back against the palate

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Indian accents can be characterized by the fact that speakers retroflex their consonants

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate, say

14

verb

Meaning 14

bend or turn backward

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: replicate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: bend, flex

History

Etymology

From Latin rētrōflexus, the perfect participle of rētrōflectō (“bend, turn”), from flectō (“bend, turn”).

Across languages

Translations

61 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: مُرْتَدّ (murtadd) — bent backwards
  • Bulgarian: извит назад (izvit nazad) — bent backwards
  • Finnish: taaksepäin taipunut — bent backwards
  • Manx: cooyl-chroymmit — bent backwards
  • Portuguese: retroflexo — bent backwards
  • German: subapiko-palatal — of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate
  • Norwegian Bokmål: sub-apikal prepalatal — of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate
  • Norwegian Bokmål: sub-apikal palatal — of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate
  • Polish: subapikalno-prepalatalny — of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate
  • Polish: subapikalny prepalatalny — of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate
  • Polish: subapikalno-palatalny — of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate
  • Polish: subapikalny palatalny — of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate
  • German: apiko-postalveolar — of pronunciation in which the tongue tip approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Norwegian Bokmål: apikal postalveolar — of pronunciation in which the tongue tip approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: apikalny zadziąsłowy — of pronunciation in which the tongue tip approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: apikalny postalweolarny — of pronunciation in which the tongue tip approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: apikalno-postalweolarny — of pronunciation in which the tongue tip approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • German: lamino-postalveolar — of pronunciation in which the tongue blade approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Norwegian Bokmål: laminal postalveolar — of pronunciation in which the tongue blade approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: laminalny zadziąsłowy — of pronunciation in which the tongue blade approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: laminalny postalweolarny — of pronunciation in which the tongue blade approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: lamino-postalweolarny — of pronunciation in which the tongue blade approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Dutch: retroflex — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Finnish: retrofleksinen — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • French: rétroflexe — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • German: retroflex — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Greek: ανάστροφο (anástrofo) — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Irish: aislúbtha — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Manx: cooyl-chroymmit — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Norwegian Bokmål: retrofleks — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Polish: z retrofleksją — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Polish: retrofleksyjny — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Portuguese: retroflexo — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Punjabi: ਟਵਰਗ (ṭavrag) — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Punjabi: ٹَوَرْگ (ṭauarg) — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Russian: ретрофле́ксный (retrofléksnyj) — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Swedish: retroflex — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Welsh: olblyg — of any of the retroflex pronunciations
  • Polish: spółgłoska subapikalno-prepalatalna — consonant pronounced with the tongue underside approaching/touching the palate
  • Polish: spółgłoska subapikalna prepalatalna — consonant pronounced with the tongue underside approaching/touching the palate
  • Polish: spółgłoska subapikalno-palatalna — consonant pronounced with the tongue underside approaching/touching the palate
  • Polish: spółgłoska subapikalna palatalna — consonant pronounced with the tongue underside approaching/touching the palate
  • Polish: spółgłoska apikalna zadziąsłowa — consonant pronounced with the tongue tip approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: spółgłoska apikalna postalweolarna — consonant pronounced with the tongue tip approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: spółgłoska apikalno-postalweolarna — consonant pronounced with the tongue tip approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: spółgłoska laminalna zadziąsłowa — consonant pronounced with the tongue blade approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: spółgłoska laminalna postalweolarna — consonant pronounced with the tongue blade approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Polish: spółgłoska lamino-postalweolarna — consonant pronounced with the tongue blade approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
  • Chinese Mandarin: 卷舌音 (juǎnshéyīn) — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Chinese Mandarin: 翹舌音 /翘舌音 (qiàoshéyīn) — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Chinese Mandarin: 舌尖後音 /舌尖后音 (shéjiānhòuyīn) — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Dutch: retroflex — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Finnish: retrofleksi — any of the retroflex consonants
  • German: Retroflex — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Japanese: そり舌音 (sorijitaon) — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Japanese: 反り舌音 (sorijitaon) — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Polish: spółgłoska z retrofleksją — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Polish: spółgłoska retrofleksyjna — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Portuguese: retroflexa — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Russian: ретрофле́ксный согла́сный (retrofléksnyj soglásnyj) — any of the retroflex consonants
  • Thai: เสียงปลายลิ้นม้วน — any of the retroflex consonants
Real reading context

retroflex in complete knowledge articles