Standard Lemma guide

ripen

verb · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈɹaɪpən/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -aɪpən
  • CMU ARPABET: R AY1 P AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

verb

Meaning 1

Of grain, fruit, flowers, etc., to grow ripe; to become mature.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • Grapes ripen in the sun.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To approach or come to perfection.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To cause (something) to mature; to make ripe.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • The warm sun ripened the corn.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to perfection.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • ripen the judgment

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

grow ripe

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The plums ripen in July

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: mature, maturate, grow

6

verb

Meaning 6

cause to ripen or develop fully

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The sun ripens the fruit
  • Age matures a good wine

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mature

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: change, alter, modify

History

Etymology

From Middle English *ripenen, extended form of ripen, from Old English rīpian. In the modern form, equivalent to ripe + -en (inchoative and factitive suffix). As in several other verbs, the alteration seems to have occurred during the time when the infinitive and plural ending -en was in the process of being lost (and was thus open to reinterpretation). The earliest attestation is deverbal Middle English ripening (“causing ripeness, ripening”).

Across languages

Translations

116 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: ndulk — to grow ripe
  • Southern Altai: быжар (bïžar) — to grow ripe
  • Arabic: يَنَعَ (yanaʕa) — to grow ripe
  • Arabic: نَضَجَ (naḍaja) — to grow ripe
  • Arabic: إستوى — to grow ripe
  • Arabic: نضج — to grow ripe
  • Arabic: طاب (ṭāb) — to grow ripe
  • Armenian: հասնել (hasnel) — to grow ripe
  • Aromanian: coc — to grow ripe
  • Azerbaijani: yetişmək — to grow ripe
  • Azerbaijani: dəymək — to grow ripe
  • Azerbaijani: bozarmaq — to grow ripe
  • Balinese: nasak — to grow ripe
  • Basque: heldu — to grow ripe
  • Belarusian: спець (spjecʹ) — to grow ripe
  • Bulgarian: узря́вам (uzrjávam) — to grow ripe
  • Bulgarian: зре́я (zréja) — to grow ripe
  • Catalan: madurar — to grow ripe
  • Cherokee: ᎬᏂᏍᎦ (gvnisga) — to grow ripe
  • Chinese Mandarin: 成熟 (chéngshú) — to grow ripe
  • Czech: zrát — to grow ripe
  • Czech: dozrát — to grow ripe
  • Dutch: rijpen — to grow ripe
  • Esperanto: maturiĝi — to grow ripe
  • Finnish: kypsyä — to grow ripe
  • Finnish: tuleentua — to grow ripe
  • French: mûrir — to grow ripe
  • Galician: madurar — to grow ripe
  • German: reifen — to grow ripe
  • Hebrew: הבשיל (hivshíl) — to grow ripe
  • Hungarian: érik — to grow ripe
  • Ingrian: valmistua — to grow ripe
  • Irish: aibigh — to grow ripe
  • Italian: maturare — to grow ripe
  • Japanese: 熟す (jukusu) — to grow ripe
  • Japanese: 成熟する (seijuku suru) — to grow ripe
  • Khmer: ទុំ (tum) — to grow ripe
  • Korean: 숙성되다 (sukseongdoeda) — to grow ripe
  • Kyrgyz: бышуу (bışuu) — to grow ripe
  • Latin: mātūrescō — to grow ripe
  • Macedonian: зрее (zree) — to grow ripe
  • Manchu: ᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳ (urembi) — to grow ripe
  • Mpade: na — to grow ripe
  • Norwegian Bokmål: modnes — to grow ripe
  • Occitan: madurar — to grow ripe
  • Occitan: amadurar — to grow ripe
  • Old English: fealwian — to grow ripe
  • Polish: dojrzewać — to grow ripe
  • Polish: dojrzeć — to grow ripe
  • Portuguese: amadurecer — to grow ripe
  • Portuguese: madurar — to grow ripe
  • Portuguese: maturar — to grow ripe
  • Punjabi: ਪੱਕਣਾ (pakkaṇā) — to grow ripe
  • Quechua: puquy — to grow ripe
  • Quechua: susuy — to grow ripe
  • Romanian: coace — to grow ripe
  • Russian: созрева́ть (sozrevátʹ) — to grow ripe
  • Russian: зреть (zretʹ) — to grow ripe
  • Russian: созре́ть (sozrétʹ) — to grow ripe
  • Russian: поспева́ть (pospevátʹ) — to grow ripe
  • Russian: спеть (spetʹ) — to grow ripe
  • Russian: поспе́ть (pospétʹ) — to grow ripe
  • Serbo-Croatian: зрети — to grow ripe
  • Serbo-Croatian: zreti — to grow ripe
  • Slovak: zrieť — to grow ripe
  • Slovak: dozrieť — to grow ripe
  • Slovene: zoreti — to grow ripe
  • Spanish: madurar — to grow ripe
  • Spanish: colorear — to grow ripe
  • Spanish: jechar — to grow ripe
  • Swedish: mogna — to grow ripe
  • Tamil: பழு (paḻu) — to grow ripe
  • Telugu: పండించు (paṇḍiñcu) — to grow ripe
  • Tetum: tasak — to grow ripe
  • Tocharian A: päk- — to grow ripe
  • Tocharian B: päk- — to grow ripe
  • Turkish: olgunlaşmak — to grow ripe
  • Ukrainian: зрі́ти (zríty) — to grow ripe
  • Ukrainian: дозріва́ти (dozriváty) — to grow ripe
  • Walloon: meuri — to grow ripe
  • Walloon: mawri — to grow ripe
  • Welsh: aeddfedu — to grow ripe
  • Yakut: бус (bus) — to grow ripe
  • Azerbaijani: kamala yetişmək — to approach or come to perfection
  • Azerbaijani: kamilləşmək — to approach or come to perfection
  • Finnish: valmistua — to approach or come to perfection
  • Finnish: kypsyä — to approach or come to perfection
  • German: ausreifen — to approach or come to perfection
  • Occitan: amadurar — to approach or come to perfection
  • Occitan: madurar — to approach or come to perfection
  • Portuguese: amadurecer — to approach or come to perfection
  • Turkish: olgunlaşmak — to approach or come to perfection
  • Azerbaijani: yetişdirmək — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Azerbaijani: yetkinləşdirmək — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Azerbaijani: bozartmaq — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Catalan: madurar — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Finnish: kypsyttää — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Finnish: tuleennuttaa — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • French: faire mûrir — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Hungarian: érlel — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Irish: aibigh — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Korean: 숙성시키다 (sukseongsikida) — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Latin: mītigō — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Norwegian Bokmål: modne — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Occitan: amadurar — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Portuguese: amadurecer — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Telugu: పండించు (paṇḍiñcu) — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Thai: บ่ม (bòm) — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Turkish: olgunlaşmak — to cause to mature; to make ripe
  • Azerbaijani: kamilləşdirmək — to bring to perfection
  • Finnish: kypsyttää — to bring to perfection
  • Finnish: kypsytellä — to bring to perfection
  • French: faire mûrir — to bring to perfection
  • French: amener à maturité — to bring to perfection
  • Occitan: madurar — to bring to perfection
  • Occitan: amadurar — to bring to perfection