risk

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• /ɹɪsk/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• homophone: RISC
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• homophone: risque (rare dialect)
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• rhymes with -ɪsk
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• CMU ARPABET: R IH1 S K Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From earlier risque, from Middle French risque, from Old Italian risco (“risk”) (modern Italian rischio) and rischiare (“to run into danger”). Displaced native Old English pleoh (“risk”) and plēon (“to risk”). Speculation on earlier roots Most dictionaries consider the etymology of these Italian terms uncertain, but some suggest they perhaps come from Vulgar Latin *resecum (“that which cuts, rock, crag”) (> Medieval Latin resicu), from Latin resecō (“cut off, loose, curtail”, verb), in the sense of that which is a danger to boating or shipping; or from Ancient Greek ῥιζικόν (rhizikón, “root, radical, hazard”). A few dictionaries express more certainty. Collins says the Italian risco comes from Ancient Greek ῥίζα (rhíza, “cliff”) due to the hazards of sailing along rocky coasts. The American Heritage says it probably comes from Byzantine Greek ῥιζικό, ριζικό (rhizikó, rizikó, “sustenance obtained by a soldier through his own initiative, fortune”), from Arabic رِزْق (rizq, “sustenance, that which God allots”), from Classical Syriac ܪܘܙܝܩܐ ,ܪܙܩܐ (rezqā, rōzīqā, “daily ration”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (rōzīg) (whence Classical Persian روزِی (rōzī)), from Middle Persian [script needed] (rōz, “day”) (whence Classical Persian روز (rōz)), from Old Persian 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐏃 (raučah) (cognate with Sanskrit रोचस् (rocas, “light, lustre”)}), from Proto-Iranian *ráwčah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčas, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *léwk-os, from *lewk- (“bright; to shine”) + *-os (noun suffix). Karla Mallette derives the word from Arabic رِزْق (rizq, “sustenance, that which God allots”) via Sabir. Cognate with Spanish riesgo, Portuguese risco

269 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Afrikaans: risiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Albanian: rrezik — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Arabic: مُخَاطَرة (muḵāṭara) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Arabic: مُجَازَفَة (mujāzafa) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Arabic: خَطَر (ḵaṭar) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Armenian: ռիսկ (ṙisk) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Asturian: riesgu — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Azerbaijani: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Azerbaijani: təvəkkül — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Belarusian: ры́зыка (rýzyka) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Bengali: ঝুঁকি (jhũki) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Bulgarian: риск (risk) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Burmese: အန္တရာယ် (anta.ray) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Burmese: စွန့်စားခြင်း (cwan.ca:hkrang:) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Catalan: risc — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Chinese Cantonese: 風險 /风险 (fung1 him2) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Chinese Mandarin: 風險 /风险 (fēngxiǎn) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Czech: riziko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Danish: risiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Dutch: risico — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Esperanto: risko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Estonian: riisiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Finnish: riski — possible, usually negative, outcome
• French: risque — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Friulian: riscjo — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Galician: risco — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Georgian: რისკი (risḳi) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• German: Risiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• German: Bedrohung — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Greek: κίνδυνος (kíndynos) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Greek: ρίσκο (rísko) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Haitian Creole: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Hebrew: סַכָּנָה (sakana) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Hebrew: סיכון \ סִכּוּן (sikun) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Hindi: जोखिम (jokhim) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Hindi: ख़तरा (xatrā) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Hungarian: kockázat — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Hungarian: rizikó — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Icelandic: hætta — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Icelandic: áhætta — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Ido: risko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Indonesian: risiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Italian: rischio — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Japanese: リスク (risuku) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Japanese: 危険 (kiken) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Kazakh: тәуекел (täuekel) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Khmer: ចៃដន់ (caydɑn) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Korean: 위험 (wiheom) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Korean: 리스크 (riseukeu) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Northern Kurdish: rîsk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Northern Kurdish: xeter — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Northern Kurdish: talûke — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Northern Kurdish: metirsî — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Kyrgyz: тобокел (tobokel) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Kyrgyz: тобокелдик (tobokeldik) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Kyrgyz: риск (risk) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Lao: ຄວາມສ່ຽງ (khuām sīang) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Latin: perīculum — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Latvian: risks — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Lithuanian: rizika — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Macedonian: ризик (rizik) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Malay: risiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Māori: tūraru — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Marathi: जोखीम (jokhīm) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Marathi: धोका (dhokā) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Mongolian: эрсдэл (ersdel) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Mongolian: ᠡᠷᠦᠰᠳᠡᠯ (erüsdel) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Norwegian Bokmål: risiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Norwegian Bokmål: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Norwegian Nynorsk: risiko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Norwegian Nynorsk: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Occitan: risc — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Old English: pleoh — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Pashto: خطر (xatár) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Iranian Persian: ریسْک (risk) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Iranian Persian: خَطَر (xatar) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Iranian Persian: مُخاطَرِه (moxâtare) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Plautdietsch: Jefoa — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Polish: ryzyko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Polish: zagrożenie — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Portuguese: risco — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Romanian: risc — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Russian: риск (risk) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Russian: опа́сность (opásnostʹ) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Scottish Gaelic: cunnart — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Serbo-Croatian: рѝзик — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Serbo-Croatian: rìzik — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Slovak: riziko — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Slovene: tveganje — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Spanish: riesgo — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Spanish: risco — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Swedish: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Tajik: хатар (xatar) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Tajik: хавф (xavf) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Tajik: мухотира (muxotira) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Tajik: мухотара (muxotara) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Thai: ความเสี่ยง (kwaam-sìiang) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Thai: การเสี่ยง (gaan-sìiang) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Thai: ภัย (pai) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Turkish: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Turkmen: töwekgelçilik — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Turkmen: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Ukrainian: ри́зик (rýzyk) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Urdu: جوکِھم (jokhim) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Urdu: مُخاطَرَہ (muxātara) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Urdu: خَطْرَہ (xatra) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Uyghur: خەۋپ (xewp) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Uyghur: خەتەر (xeter) — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Uzbek: risk — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Uzbek: xavf — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Uzbek: tavakkal — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Uzbek: xatar — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Venetan: ris-cio — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Venetan: rixego — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Vietnamese: rủi ro — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Vietnamese: nguy cơ — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Volapük: riskod — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Walloon: risse — possible, usually negative, outcome
• Afrikaans: risiko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Armenian: ռիսկ (ṙisk) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Bulgarian: риск (risk) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Catalan: risc — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Czech: riziko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Danish: risiko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Dutch: risico — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Finnish: riski — likelihood of a negative outcome
• French: risque — likelihood of a negative outcome
• German: Risiko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Greek: κίνδυνος (kíndynos) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Greek: πιθανότητα (pithanótita) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Hungarian: kockázat — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Ido: risko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Japanese: リスク (risuku) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Japanese: 危険 (kiken) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Korean: 위험 (wiheom) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Korean: 리스크 (riseukeu) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Northern Kurdish: metirsî — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Māori: tūraru — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Norwegian Bokmål: risiko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Norwegian Bokmål: risk — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Norwegian Nynorsk: risiko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Norwegian Nynorsk: risk — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Old English: pleoh — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Iranian Persian: ریسْک (risk) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Polish: ryzyko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Portuguese: risco — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Romanian: risc — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Russian: риск (risk) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Russian: опа́сность (opásnostʹ) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Serbo-Croatian: рѝзик — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Serbo-Croatian: опа́сно̄ст — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Serbo-Croatian: rìzik — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Serbo-Croatian: opásnōst — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Slovak: riziko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Slovene: tveganje — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Spanish: riesgo — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Spanish: risco — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Swedish: risk — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Thai: ความเสี่ยง (kwaam-sìiang) — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Turkish: risk — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Turkish: riziko — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Walloon: risse — likelihood of a negative outcome
• Afrikaans: risiko — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Armenian: ռիսկ (ṙisk) — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Catalan: risc — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Chinese Mandarin: 風險 /风险 (fēngxiǎn) — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Danish: risiko — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Dutch: risico — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Finnish: riski — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• French: risque — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• German: Risiko — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Greek: κίνδυνος (kíndynos) — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Japanese: リスク (risuku) — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Khmer: ហានិយភ័យ (haaniiphɨy) — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Khmer: គ្រោះថ្នាក់ (krŭəh thnak) — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Māori: tūraru — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Norwegian Bokmål: risiko — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Norwegian Bokmål: risk — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Norwegian Nynorsk: risiko — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Norwegian Nynorsk: risk — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Polish: ryzyko — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Portuguese: risco — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Romanian: risc — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Scottish Gaelic: cunnart — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Serbo-Croatian: rìzik — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Serbo-Croatian: opasnost — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Slovak: riziko — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Slovene: tveganje — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Swedish: risk — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Thai: ความเสี่ยง (kwaam-sìiang) — business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
• Catalan: arriscar — to incur risk to something
• Danish: risikere — to incur risk to something
• Dutch: risico nemen — to incur risk to something
• Dutch: riskeren — to incur risk to something
• Esperanto: riski — to incur risk to something
• Finnish: vaarantaa — to incur risk to something
• Finnish: riskeerata — to incur risk to something
• Galician: arriscar — to incur risk to something
• German: riskieren — to incur risk to something
• Greek: διακινδυνεύω (diakindynévo) — to incur risk to something
• Greek: ριψοκινδυνεύω (ripsokindynévo) — to incur risk to something
• Greek: ρισκάρω (riskáro) — to incur risk to something
• Greek: διακυβεύω (diakyvévo) — to incur risk to something
• Greek: θέτω σε κίνδυνο (théto se kíndyno) — to incur risk to something
• Italian: rischiare — to incur risk to something
• Latin: audeo — to incur risk to something
• Māori: whakamōrearea — to incur risk to something
• Māori: whakamōrea — to incur risk to something
• Norman: ristchi — to incur risk to something
• Norwegian Bokmål: risikere — to incur risk to something
• Norwegian Nynorsk: risikere — to incur risk to something
• Persian: به خطر انداختن (be xatar andâxtan) — to incur risk to something
• Polish: ryzykować — to incur risk to something
• Polish: zaryzykować — to incur risk to something
• Portuguese: arriscar — to incur risk to something
• Portuguese: pôr em risco — to incur risk to something
• Romanian: risca — to incur risk to something
• Slovene: tvegati — to incur risk to something
• Spanish: arriesgar — to incur risk to something
• Spanish: chansear — to incur risk to something
• Spanish: poner en riesgo — to incur risk to something
• Swedish: riskera — to incur risk to something
• Swedish: äventyra — to incur risk to something
• Thai: เสี่ยง (sìiang) — to incur risk to something
• Turkish: riske atmak — to incur risk to something
• Turkish: tehlikeye atmak — to incur risk to something
• Catalan: arriscar — to incur risk of something
• Danish: risikere — to incur risk of something
• Dutch: risico nemen — to incur risk of something
• Dutch: riskeren — to incur risk of something
• Finnish: ottaa riski — to incur risk of something
• Galician: arriscar — to incur risk of something
• German: riskieren — to incur risk of something
• Greek: διατρέχω τον κίνδυνο (diatrécho ton kíndyno) — to incur risk of something
• Greek: διακινδυνεύω (diakindynévo) — to incur risk of something
• Latin: audeo — to incur risk of something
• Persian: خطر کردن (xatar kardan) — to incur risk of something
• Persian: دل به دریا زدن (del be daryâ zadan) — to incur risk of something
• Persian: ریسک کردن — to incur risk of something
• Polish: ryzykować — to incur risk of something
• Polish: zaryzykować — to incur risk of something
• Portuguese: arriscar — to incur risk of something
• Romanian: risca — to incur risk of something
• Slovene: tvegati — to incur risk of something
• Spanish: peligrar — to incur risk of something
• Swedish: riskera — to incur risk of something
• Thai: เสี่ยง (sìiang) — to incur risk of something
• Bulgarian: рискувам (riskuvam) — to incur risk by something
• Catalan: arriscar — to incur risk by something
• Danish: risikere — to incur risk by something
• Dutch: risico nemen — to incur risk by something
• Dutch: riskeren — to incur risk by something
• Finnish: ottaa riski — to incur risk by something
• Galician: arriscar — to incur risk by something
• German: riskieren — to incur risk by something
• Latin: audeo — to incur risk by something
• Persian: خطر کردن (xatar kardan) — to incur risk by something
• Persian: دل به دریا زدن (del be daryâ zadan) — to incur risk by something
• Persian: ریسک کردن — to incur risk by something
• Polish: ryzykować — to incur risk by something
• Polish: zaryzykować — to incur risk by something
• Portuguese: arriscar — to incur risk by something
• Romanian: risca — to incur risk by something
• Russian: рискова́ть (riskovátʹ) — to incur risk by something
• Serbo-Croatian: rizikovati — to incur risk by something
• Slovene: tvegati — to incur risk by something
• Spanish: peligrar — to incur risk by something
• Tày: ảo màn — to incur risk by something
• Thai: เสี่ยง (sìiang) — to incur risk by something