Standard Lemma guide

rot

name · noun · verb · 19 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: rŏt
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ɹɒt/
  • General-American: /ɹɑt/
  • General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Australian, British, New-Zealand, Southern, Standard: /ɹɔt/
  • Scotland: /ɾɔt/
  • homophone: wrought (cot–caught merger)
  • rhymes with -ɒt
  • CMU ARPABET: R AA1 T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

Abbreviation of refugee Olympics team (country code for the team).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: abbreviation, alt-of

Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, sports

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The process of becoming rotten; putrefaction.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

Decaying matter.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

Any of several diseases in which breakdown of tissue occurs.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, in-compounds, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

Verbal nonsense.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

Examples

  • You're talking rot! I don't believe a word.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

Initialism of record of transmission.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: abbreviation, alt-of, initialism, uncountable

Topics: broadcasting, media

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

To suffer decomposition due to biological action, especially by fungi or bacteria.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • The apple left in the cupboard all that time had started to rot.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

verb

Meaning 8

To decline in function or utility.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • Your brain will rot if you spend so much time on the computer, Tony!

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

verb

Meaning 9

To (cause to) deteriorate in any way, as in morals; to corrupt.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: ambitransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

verb

Meaning 10

To make putrid; to cause to be wholly or partially decomposed by natural processes.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • to rot vegetable fiber

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

verb

Meaning 11

To spend a long period of time (in an unpleasant place or state).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, intransitive

Examples

  • to rot in prison
  • to rot in Hell
  • If I hadn't rotted in bed all day I would've come...

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

12

verb

Meaning 12

To expose, as flax, to a process of maceration, etc., for the purpose of separating the fiber; to ret.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

13

verb

Meaning 13

To talk nonsense.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: dated, slang

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

14

verb

Meaning 14

Damn; blast.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: imperative, slang, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

15

noun

Meaning 15

unacceptable behavior (especially ludicrously false statements)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: bunk, bunkum, buncombe, guff, hogwash

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: drivel, garbage

Narrower terms: bullshit, bull, Irish bull, horseshit, shit, crap, dogshit

16

noun

Meaning 16

(biology) the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: decomposition, rotting, putrefaction

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: decay

17

noun

Meaning 17

a state of decay usually accompanied by an offensive odor

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: putrefaction

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: decay

Narrower terms: putrescence, putridness, rottenness, corruption

18

verb

Meaning 18

become physically weaker

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Political prisoners are wasting away in many prisons all over the world

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: waste

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: devolve, deteriorate, drop, degenerate

Narrower terms: necrose, gangrene, mortify, sphacelate

19

verb

Meaning 19

break down

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The bodies decomposed in the heat

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: decompose, molder, moulder

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: decay

Narrower terms: biodegrade, hang

History

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English roten, rotten, from Old English rotian (“to rot, become corrupted, ulcerate, putrefy”), from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną (“to rot”).

Across languages

Translations

155 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: гниене (gniene) — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Finnish: mätäneminen — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Latin: cariēs — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Latin: tabēs — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Latin: pūtor — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Malayalam: ചീയൽ (cīyal) — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Pohnpeian: soumet — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Spanish: putrefacción — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Spanish: podre — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Spanish: podredumbre — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Spanish: pudrimiento — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Spanish: podrimiento — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Spanish: podredura — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Spanish: pudrición — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Turkish: çürüme — process of becoming rotten — see also decay, putrefaction
  • Bulgarian: глупости (gluposti) — verbal nonsense — see also nonsense
  • Māori: kohe — verbal nonsense — see also nonsense
  • Chinese Mandarin: 腐病 (fǔbìng) — disease in which breakdown of tissue occurs
  • Southern Altai: чириир (čiriir) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Southern Altai: ылјыраар (ïlǰïraar) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Arabic: أَفْسَدَ (ʔafsada) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Arabic: فَسَدَ (fasada) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Arabic: خاس (ḵās) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Arabic: عَفَّن (ʕaffan) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Arabic: خَمَّج (ḵammaj) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Arabic: خاس (ḵās) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Arabic: خْمج (ḵməj) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Armenian: փտել (pʻtel) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Armenian: նեխել (nexel) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Aromanian: putridzãscu — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Assamese: গেলা (gela) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Azerbaijani: çürümək — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Bangi: pola — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Bashkir: сереү (serew) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Basque: usteldu — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Belarusian: гніць (hnicʹ) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Breton: breinañ — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Bulgarian: гни́я (gníja) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Catalan: podrir — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Chinese Cantonese: 爛 /烂 (laan6) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Chinese Mandarin: 腐化 (fǔhuà) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Chinese Mandarin: 腐壞 /腐坏 (fǔhuài) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Chinese Mandarin: 腐爛 /腐烂 (fǔlàn) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Cornish: pedri — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Cornish: breyna — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Czech: hnít — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Danish: rådne — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Dutch: rotten — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Dutch: vergaan — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Erzya: наксадомс (naksadoms) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Esperanto: putri — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Estonian: mädanema — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Finnish: mädäntyä — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Finnish: mädätä — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Finnish: lahota — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • French: pourrir — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Galician: podrecer — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Georgian: ლპობა (lṗoba) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Georgian: დალპობა (dalṗoba) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Georgian: ჩალპობა (čalṗoba) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Georgian: ხრწნა (xrc̣na) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: verrotten — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: verderben — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: faulen — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: verfaulen — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: verwesen — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: putreszieren — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: sich zersetzen — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • German: in Fäulnis übergehen — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Greek: σαπίζω (sapízo) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Ancient Greek: σήπομαι (sḗpomai) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Hebrew: נרקב (nirkáv) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Hindi: सड़ना (saṛnā) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Hungarian: rohad — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Hungarian: rothad — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Ingrian: märätä — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Ingrian: mehestyä — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Ingrian: märkänessä — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Irish: lobh — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Italian: marcire — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Italian: putrefare — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Italian: putrefarsi — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Italian: imputridire — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Italian: putrire — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Japanese: 腐る (kusaru) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Khmer: រលួយ (rɔluəy) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Kituba: bola — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Korean: 썩다 (sseokda) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Korean: 부패하다 (bupaehada) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Kyrgyz: чирүү (cirüü) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Kyrgyz: ылжыроо (ıljıroo) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Latgalian: pyut — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Latgalian: trupēt — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Latin: pūtrescō — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Latin: putrefaciō — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Latin: tābescō — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Latvian: pūt — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Lingala: pola — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Lithuanian: pūti — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Macedonian: гние (gnie) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Malayalam: ചീയുക (cīyuka) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Māori: whakapopo — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Māori: ane — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Moksha: наксадомс (naksadoms) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Occitan: poirir — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Church Slavic: гнити (gniti) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Old Tupi: tuîuk — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Oromo: tortoruu — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Persian: پوسیدن (pusidan) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Persian: گندیدن (gandidan) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Pohnpeian: soumetla — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Polish: gnić — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Polish: zgnić — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Portuguese: putrefazer — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Portuguese: apodrecer — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Quechua: ismuy — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Romanian: putrezi — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Romanian: descompune — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Russian: гнить (gnitʹ) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Russian: сгнить (sgnitʹ) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Russian: разлага́ться (razlagátʹsja) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Serbo-Croatian: трулити — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Serbo-Croatian: truliti — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Slovak: hniť — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Slovene: gniti — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Spanish: pudrirse — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Spanish: podrirse — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Swedish: ruttna — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Tajik: вайрон шудан (vayron šudan) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Tajik: пӯсидан (püsidan) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Tamil: அழுகு (aḻuku) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Thai: ผุ (pù) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Tibetan: རུལ (rul) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Tocharian B: āmp- — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Turkish: çürümek — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Ukrainian: гни́ти (hnýty) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Ukrainian: згнити (zhnyty) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Unami: alët — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Unami: alël — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Uzbek: chirimoq — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Vietnamese: rữa — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Vietnamese: rã — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Walloon: pouri — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Welsh: pydru — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Welsh: braenu — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Welsh: madru — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Yiddish: פֿוילן (foyln) — (intransitive) to suffer decomposition
  • Greek: σαπίζω (sapízo) — (transitive) to make putrid
  • Ancient Greek: σήπω (sḗpō) — (transitive) to make putrid
  • Ancient Greek: σαπρίζω (saprízō) — (transitive) to make putrid
  • Malayalam: ചീയിക്കുക (cīyikkuka) — (transitive) to make putrid
  • Spanish: pudrir — (transitive) to make putrid
  • Spanish: podrir — (transitive) to make putrid
  • Ancient Greek: σήπω (sḗpō) — (transitive) to cause to deteriorate in any way, as in morals
  • Russian: разлага́ть (razlagátʹ) — (transitive) to cause to deteriorate in any way, as in morals