Standard Lemma guide

roughly

adv · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • UK, US: /ˈɹʌf.li/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ʌfli
  • CMU ARPABET: R AH1 F L IY0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adv

Meaning 1

In a rough manner; without kindness, softness, or gentleness.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: harshly, rudely, severely, austerely

Antonyms: none provided

2

adv

Meaning 2

Unevenly or irregularly.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adv

Meaning 3

Without precision or exactness; imprecisely but close to in quantity or amount; approximately.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: -ish, about, all but, almost, approaching, around, by and large, circa, close, close to, essentially, for all practical purposes, fornigh, give or take, imprecisely, just about, kind of, loosely, more or less, nearly, near, nearabout, nigh on, odd, or so, plus or minus, roundly, roughly, say, some, -some, sort of, thereabout, virtually, well-nigh, ±

Antonyms: none provided

4

adverb

Meaning 4

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • lasted approximately an hour
  • in just about a minute
  • he's about 30 years old
  • I've had about all I can stand
  • we meet about once a month
  • some forty people came
  • weighs around a hundred pounds
  • roughly $3,000
  • holds 3 gallons, more or less
  • 20 or so people were at the party

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: approximately, about, close to, just about, some, more or less, around, or so

Antonyms: none provided

5

adverb

Meaning 5

with rough motion as over a rough surface

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • ride rough

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: rough

Antonyms: none provided

6

adverb

Meaning 6

with roughness or violence (`rough' is an informal variant for `roughly')

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he was pushed roughly aside
  • they treated him rough

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: rough

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

Etymology tree English rough Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der. Proto-Germanic *līkąder. Proto-Germanic *-līkaz Proto-Germanic *-ê Proto-Germanic *-līkê Proto-West Germanic *-līkē Old English -līċe Middle English -ly English -ly English roughly From rough + -ly.

Across languages

Translations

36 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: грубо (grubo) — in a rough manner
  • Catalan: grossament — in a rough manner
  • Czech: hrubě — in a rough manner
  • Finnish: karkeasti — in a rough manner
  • Finnish: kovaa — in a rough manner
  • Finnish: karheasti — in a rough manner
  • French: rudement — in a rough manner
  • Georgian: უხეშად (uxešad) — in a rough manner
  • German: grob — in a rough manner
  • Hungarian: durván — in a rough manner
  • Hungarian: gorombán — in a rough manner
  • Hungarian: nyersen — in a rough manner
  • Latin: asperē — in a rough manner
  • Navajo: tʼáá naʼńleʼee — in a rough manner
  • Portuguese: rudemente — in a rough manner
  • Portuguese: precariamente — in a rough manner
  • Portuguese: a grosso modo — in a rough manner
  • Russian: гру́бо (grúbo) — in a rough manner
  • Sanskrit: रभसा (rabhasā) — in a rough manner
  • Spanish: toscamente — in a rough manner
  • Turkish: kabaca — in a rough manner
  • Bulgarian: неравно (neravno) — unevenly
  • Dutch: grofweg — unevenly
  • Finnish: karkeasti — unevenly
  • French: approximativement — unevenly
  • German: uneben — unevenly
  • Hungarian: durván — unevenly
  • Hungarian: egyenetlenül — unevenly
  • Italian: aprprossimativamente — unevenly
  • Italian: a grosso modo — unevenly
  • Portuguese: aproximadamente — unevenly
  • Portuguese: a grosso modo — unevenly
  • Russian: неро́вно (neróvno) — unevenly
  • Russian: гру́бо (grúbo) — unevenly
  • Swedish: ungefär — unevenly
  • Spanish: a grandes rasgos — approximately
Real reading context

roughly in complete knowledge articles