rub

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• Received-Pronunciation, US: /ɹʌb/
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• Received-Pronunciation, US: rŭb
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Ireland, Northern-England: /ɹʊb/
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• rhymes with -ʌb
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• CMU ARPABET: R AH1 B Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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Inherited from Middle English rubben, of unknown origin; possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną, related to *reufaną (“to tear”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian rubje (“to rub, scrape”), German Low German rubben (“to rub”), Low German rubblig (“rough, uneven”), Dutch robben, rubben (“to rub smooth; scrape; scrub”), Danish rubbe (“to rub, scrub”), Icelandic and Norwegian rubba (“to scrape”). More at reave. Compare typologically Latin fricō < friō < Proto-Indo-European *bhreyH- (whence also Russian брить (britʹ, “to shave”)).

257 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Bulgarian: триене (triene) — act of rubbing
• Bulgarian: търкане (tǎrkane) — act of rubbing
• Chinese Mandarin: 摩擦 (mócā) — act of rubbing
• Finnish: hankaus — act of rubbing
• French: friction — act of rubbing
• Georgian: ხახუნი (xaxuni) — act of rubbing
• Greek: τρίψιμο (trípsimo) — act of rubbing
• Ancient Greek: τρῖψις (trîpsis) — act of rubbing
• Hungarian: súrlódás — act of rubbing
• Hungarian: dörzsölés — act of rubbing
• Hungarian: dörzsölődés — act of rubbing
• Italian: strofinamento — act of rubbing
• Portuguese: fricção — act of rubbing
• Slovak: šúchanie — act of rubbing
• Slovak: trenie — act of rubbing
• Spanish: frotación — act of rubbing
• Spanish: frotamiento — act of rubbing
• Spanish: frote — act of rubbing
• Turkish: ovma — act of rubbing
• Turkish: ovalama — act of rubbing
• Zazaki: vılênayış — act of rubbing
• Bulgarian: затруднение (zatrudnenie) — difficulty or problem
• French: hic — difficulty or problem
• Russian: загво́здка (zagvózdka) — difficulty or problem
• Russian: затрудне́ние (zatrudnénije) — difficulty or problem
• Russian: растира́ние (rastiránije) — any substance designed to be applied by rubbing
• Russian: расти́рка (rastírka) — any substance designed to be applied by rubbing
• Ainu: シルシル (shiru-shiru) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Akan: twiw — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Albanian: fërkoj — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Southern Altai: јыш- (ǰïš-) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Southern Altai: сӱртер (sürter) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Arabic: حَكَّ (ḥakka) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Arabic: فَرَكَ (faraka) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Arabic: فرك (farak) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Arabic: دَعَك (daʕak) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Arabic: فرك (farak) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Armenian: շփել (špʻel) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Aromanian: frec — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Assamese: ঘঁহা (ghõha) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Assamese: মজা (moza) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Assamese: মাজা (maza) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Asturian: esfregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Asturian: frotar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Azerbaijani: sürtmək — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Azerbaijani: ovuşdurmaq — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Bashkir: ышҡыу (ışqıw) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Bashkir: уҡалау (uqalaw) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Belarusian: це́рці (cjérci) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Bengali: ঘষা (ghośa) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Bulgarian: три́я (tríja) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Burmese: ပွတ် (pwat) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Catalan: fregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Chinese Cantonese: 捽 (zeot1) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Chinese Cantonese: 擦 (caat3) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Chinese Cantonese: 磨 (mo4) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Chinese Mandarin: 擦 (cā) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Chinese Mandarin: 磨 (mó) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Chinese Mandarin: 揉 (róu) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Chinese Mandarin: 蹭 (cèng) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Czech: třít — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Czech: mnout — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Old Czech: dřieti — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Danish: gnide — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Danish: gnugge — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Dutch: wrijven — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Esperanto: froti — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Finnish: hieroa — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Finnish: hinkata — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• French: frotter — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Friulian: freâ — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Galician: fregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Galician: fretar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Galician: refregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Galician: esfregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Georgian: გახახუნება (gaxaxuneba) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Georgian: ხახუნი (xaxuni) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• German: reiben — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Greek: τρίβω (trívo) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Ancient Greek: τρίβω (tríbō) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Mbya Guarani: kyty — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Hebrew: שפשף (shifshéf) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Hindi: रगड़ना (ragaṛnā) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Hungarian: dörzsöl — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Hungarian: dörgöl — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Hungarian: súrol — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Indonesian: gosok — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Ingrian: hiuttaa — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Ingrian: heeroa — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Irish: cuimil — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Italian: strofinare — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Italian: fregare — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Japanese: 擦る (kosuru) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Kashubian: trzéc — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Kazakh: уқалау (uqalau) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Khmer: ប្រនៀល (prɑniel) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Khmer: ជូត (cuut) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Khmer: ដដុស (dɑdoh) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Khmer: ឈ្លី (clii) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Korean: 비비다 (bibida) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Central Kurdish: سوون (sûn) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Kyrgyz: жышуу (jışuu) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Kyrgyz: сүртүү (sürtüü) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Lao: ຂັດ (khat) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Lao: ຖູ (thū) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Lao: ສີ (sī) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Latgalian: treit — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Latin: fricō — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Latvian: trīt — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Lithuanian: trinti — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Lithuanian: perbraukti — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Luxembourgish: reiwen — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Macedonian: трие (trie) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Maltese: għorok — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Māori: orooro — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Māori: mirimiri — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Middle English: rubben — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Middle English: rudden — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Central Sierra Miwok: čijá·k- — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Mongolian: урэх (urex) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Norman: frotter — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Norwegian Nynorsk: gnida — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Norwegian Nynorsk: gnu — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Occitan: fregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Occitan: fretar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Church Slavic: трѣти (trěti) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Old English: gnīdan — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Papiamentu: frega — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Persian: مالیدن (mâlidan) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Polish: trzeć — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Portuguese: esfregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Quechua: thupay — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Romanian: freca — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Romansh: sgrattar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Russian: тере́ть (terétʹ) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Russian: потере́ть (poterétʹ) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Sardinian: friài — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Sardinian: friare — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Sardinian: fricare — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Sardinian: frigare — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Scottish Gaelic: slìog — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Serbo-Croatian: рибати — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Serbo-Croatian: трљати — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Serbo-Croatian: ribati — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Serbo-Croatian: trljati — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Sicilian: fricari — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Slovak: trieť — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Slovene: drgniti — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Slovene: trẹ́ti — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Lower Sorbian: trěś — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Upper Sorbian: trěć — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: frotar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: fregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: estregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: refrotar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: refregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: restregar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: fricar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: friccionar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: sobar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: resobar — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: ludir — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Spanish: colidir (desus.) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Sranan Tongo: frifi — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Sundanese: kosok — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Swedish: gnida — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Swedish: gnugga — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Swedish: gno — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Tajik: молидан (molidan) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Thai: ขัด (kàt) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Thai: ถู (tǔu) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Thai: สี (sǐi) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Tocharian B: kānt- — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Tooro: -singa — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Tooro: -kuuba — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Turkish: sürtmek — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Turkish: dokundurmak — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Ukrainian: те́рти (térty) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Urdu: رگڑنا (ragaṛnā) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Uzbek: ishqalamoq — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Vietnamese: thoa — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Vietnamese: xoa — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Yiddish: רײַבן (raybn) — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Zazaki: werênen — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Zazaki: sawen — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Zealandic: vrieve — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Zealandic: vruve — to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
• Ainu: シルシル (sirusiru) — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Azerbaijani: sürtmək — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Azerbaijani: sürtdürmək — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Bashkir: ышҡыу (ışqıw) — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Bulgarian: търкам (tǎrkam) — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Catalan: fregar — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Chinese Mandarin: 擦 (cā) — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Danish: skrabe — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Finnish: hangata — to rub something against (a second thing)
• French: frotter — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Georgian: გახახუნება (gaxaxuneba) — to rub something against (a second thing)
• German: reiben — to rub something against (a second thing)
• German: abreiben — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Hungarian: súrol — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Indonesian: gosok — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Māori: orooro — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Māori: mirimiri — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Middle English: rubben — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Polish: ocierać — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Portuguese: esfregar — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Romanian: freca — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Russian: тере́ть (terétʹ) — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Russian: потере́ть (poterétʹ) — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Spanish: frotar — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Sundanese: kosok — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Vietnamese: cọ xát — to rub something against (a second thing)
• Azerbaijani: sürtülmək — to be rubbed against something
• Bashkir: ышҡылыу (ışqılıw) — to be rubbed against something
• Catalan: fregar-se — to be rubbed against something
• Danish: gnave — to be rubbed against something
• Finnish: hiertää — to be rubbed against something
• German: sich abreiben — to be rubbed against something
• German: sich abscheuern — to be rubbed against something
• German: sich ablaufen — to be rubbed against something
• Hungarian: súrlódik — to be rubbed against something
• Indonesian: gosok — to be rubbed against something
• Portuguese: raspado — to be rubbed against something
• Spanish: frotarse — to be rubbed against something
• Sundanese: kosok — to be rubbed against something
• Vietnamese: cọ xát — to be rubbed against something
• Assamese: সানা (xana) — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Assamese: সনা (xona) — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Bashkir: һөртөү (hörtöw) — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Bulgarian: натривам (natrivam) — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Catalan: untar — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Chinese Mandarin: 抹 — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Chinese Mandarin: 擦 (cā) — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Danish: smørre — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Finnish: hieroa — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• German: einreiben — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Māori: pani — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Middle English: rubben — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Polish: wcierać — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Spanish: untar — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Spanish: ungir — to spread a substance thinly over; to smear
• Bashkir: ышҡыу (ışqıw) — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Catalan: polir — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Danish: pudse — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Danish: polere — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Finnish: puunata — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Finnish: hangata — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• French: frotter — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• French: polir — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• German: polieren — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• German: aufpolieren — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• German: putzen — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Indonesian: gosok — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Middle English: rubben — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Sanskrit: घर्षति (gharṣati) — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse
• Sundanese: kosok — to scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse