ruminate

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• UK: /ˈɹuːmɪnət/
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• Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• US: /ˈɹumənət/
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• /ˈɹumɪneɪt/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Australia: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• CMU ARPABET: R UW1 M IH0 N EY2 T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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First attested in 1800, in the writings of John Hull; borrowed from Latin rūminātus, see Etymology 1 and -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

First attested in 1533; borrowed from Latin rūminātus, perfect active participle of rūminor (“to chew the cud, turn over in the mind”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from rūmen (“the throat, gullet”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix), itself of uncertain origin.

82 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Arabic: اجْتَرَّ (ijtarra) — to chew cud
• Arabic: جر (jarr) — to chew cud
• Armenian: որոճալ (oročal) — to chew cud
• Aromanian: aroamig — to chew cud
• Assamese: পাগুলা (pagula) — to chew cud
• Bulgarian: преживям, предъвквам (preživjam, predǎvkvam) — to chew cud
• Bulgarian: преживям (preživjam) — to chew cud
• Catalan: remugar — to chew cud
• Chinese Cantonese: 反芻 /反刍 (faan2 co1) — to chew cud
• Hakka Chinese: 倒草 (to-chó) — to chew cud
• Chinese: 翻草 (huan-chháu) — to chew cud
• Chinese Mandarin: 反芻 /反刍 (fǎnchú) — to chew cud
• Czech: přežvykovat — to chew cud
• Danish: drøvtygge — to chew cud
• Danish: tygge drøv — to chew cud
• Dutch: herkauwen — to chew cud
• Faroese: jótra — to chew cud
• Finnish: märehtiä — to chew cud
• French: ruminer — to chew cud
• German: wiederkäuen — to chew cud
• German: beibe — to chew cud
• Greek: μηρυκάζω (mirykázo) — to chew cud
• Hungarian: kérődzik — to chew cud
• Icelandic: jórtra — to chew cud
• Irish: athchogain — to chew cud
• Italian: ruminare — to chew cud
• Latin: rūmīnō — to chew cud
• Norwegian Bokmål: tygge drøv — to chew cud
• Norwegian Bokmål: drøvtygge — to chew cud
• Norwegian Nynorsk: jorte — to chew cud
• Norwegian Nynorsk: ørte — to chew cud
• Persian: ژاویدن (žâvidan) — to chew cud
• Polish: przeżuwać — to chew cud
• Polish: przeżuć — to chew cud
• Portuguese: ruminar — to chew cud
• Portuguese: rumiar — to chew cud
• Quechua: kutipakuy — to chew cud
• Romanian: rumega — to chew cud
• Russian: жева́ть жва́чку (ževátʹ žváčku) — to chew cud
• Scottish Gaelic: cnuasaich — to chew cud
• Scottish Gaelic: ath-chagainn — to chew cud
• Seko Tengah: prežúvať — to chew cud
• Slovak: prežúvať — to chew cud
• Spanish: rumiar — to chew cud
• Swedish: idissla — to chew cud
• Tashelhit: ⴼⴰⵥⵥ (faẓẓ) — to chew cud
• Telugu: నెమరువేయు (nemaruvēyu) — to chew cud
• Ottoman Turkish: كومك (gevmek) — to chew cud
• Ukrainian: ремиґати (remygaty) — to chew cud
• Ukrainian: ремигати (remyhaty) — to chew cud
• Unami: shëshkòmwi — to chew cud
• Walloon: roemyî — to chew cud
• Welsh: cilgnoi — to chew cud
• Armenian: խորհրդածել (xorhrdacel) — intransitive: to meditate
• Bulgarian: размишлявам (razmišljavam) — intransitive: to meditate
• Czech: přemítat — intransitive: to meditate
• Czech: hloubat — intransitive: to meditate
• Czech: rozebírat — intransitive: to meditate
• Dutch: overdenken — intransitive: to meditate
• Finnish: märehtiä — intransitive: to meditate
• French: ruminer — intransitive: to meditate
• German: grübeln — intransitive: to meditate
• Greek: σκέφτομαι (skéftomai) — intransitive: to meditate
• Hungarian: rágódik — intransitive: to meditate
• Hungarian: mereng — intransitive: to meditate
• Hungarian: elmélkedik — intransitive: to meditate
• Irish: meabhraigh — intransitive: to meditate
• Māori: whakaraupeka — intransitive: to meditate
• Norwegian: tygge på — intransitive: to meditate
• Polish: zastanawiać się — intransitive: to meditate
• Polish: zastanowić się — intransitive: to meditate
• Polish: myśleć — intransitive: to meditate
• Polish: pomyśleć — intransitive: to meditate
• Portuguese: ruminar — intransitive: to meditate
• Portuguese: remoer — intransitive: to meditate
• Romanian: rumega (o idee) — intransitive: to meditate
• Scottish Gaelic: cnuasaich — intransitive: to meditate
• Spanish: rumiar — intransitive: to meditate
• Spanish: rebinar — intransitive: to meditate
• Spanish: cavilar — intransitive: to meditate
• Ukrainian: роздумувати (rozdumuvaty) — intransitive: to meditate
• Ukrainian: розмірковувати (rozmirkovuvaty) — intransitive: to meditate